Questions and Answers
What is a cognate?
Which of the following is an example of a false friend?
What characterizes international words?
Which of the following pairs of words represents a cognate?
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In the context of loanwords, which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
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Which statement about false friends is accurate?
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Which of the following is an example of an international word?
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Loanwords are primarily related to which of the following?
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Study Notes
Cognates
- Words that are similar in both sound and meaning across languages
- Often due to shared Latin or Greek roots
- Examples:
- Captain: English, Spanish (capitán), French (capitaine), Italian (capitano)
- Police: English, French (police), Spanish (policía), Italian (polizia)
International Words
- Words adopted into multiple languages with little or no modification
- Often related to modern technology, science, or international communication
- Examples:
- Telephone: English, French (téléphone), Spanish (teléfono), Italian (telefono)
- Computer: English, French (ordinateur), Spanish (computadora), Italian (computer)
- Taxi: English, French (taxi), Spanish (taxi), Italian (tassi)
Loanwords
- Words borrowed from another language and incorporated into a language's vocabulary
- Often related to cultural exchange, trade, or immigration
- Examples:
- Coffee: from Arabic (qahwa) to English, French (café), Spanish (café), Italian (caffè)
- Chocolate: from Nahuatl (xocolatl) to English, French (chocolat), Spanish (chocolate), Italian (cioccolato)
- Slogan: from Gaelic (sluagh-ghairm) to English, French (slogan), Spanish (eslogan), Italian (slogan)
False Friends
- Words that appear similar but have different meanings in different languages
- Often lead to misunderstandings or miscommunication
- Examples:
- Bank: English (financial institution), German (bank) vs. French (banque), Spanish (banco)
- Gift: English (present) vs. German (gift), Dutch (gift), Swedish (gift) meaning poison
- Embarrass: English (to feel ashamed) vs. Spanish (embarazada), French (embarasser) meaning pregnant
Cognates
- Cognates are words that are similar in both sound and meaning across languages due to shared Latin or Greek roots.
- Examples of cognates include "captain" (English, Spanish, French, Italian) and "police" (English, French, Spanish, Italian).
International Words
- International words are adopted into multiple languages with little or no modification.
- These words are often related to modern technology, science, or international communication.
- Examples of international words include "telephone" (English, French, Spanish, Italian), "computer" (English, French, Spanish, Italian), and "taxi" (English, French, Spanish, Italian).
Loanwords
- Loanwords are words borrowed from another language and incorporated into a language's vocabulary.
- Loanwords often occur due to cultural exchange, trade, or immigration.
- Examples of loanwords include "coffee" (from Arabic to English, French, Spanish, Italian), "chocolate" (from Nahuatl to English, French, Spanish, Italian), and "slogan" (from Gaelic to English, French, Spanish, Italian).
False Friends
- False friends are words that appear similar but have different meanings in different languages.
- False friends can lead to misunderstandings or miscommunication.
- Examples of false friends include "bank" (English financial institution vs. German, French, Spanish), "gift" (English present vs. German, Dutch, Swedish poison), and "embarrass" (English ashamed vs. Spanish pregnant, French embarrassed).
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Description
Learn to recognize words that share similar sounds and meanings across languages, including those adopted into multiple languages with little modification. Examples include captain and police. Test your knowledge of cognates and international words!
