24 Questions
What is the function of 'where the mountains are' in the sentence 'She lives where the mountains are'?
It tells us where she lives.
What type of clause is 'When the bell rings' in the sentence 'When the bell rings, we will go to class'?
Adverb Clause of Time
What type of clause is 'what he said' in the sentence 'What he said surprised everyone'?
Noun Clause
What is the term for the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences?
Syntax
Which type of conditional is used for real situations that are possible or likely?
Real Conditionals
What is the term for clauses that act as nouns in a sentence?
Noun Clauses
What type of conditional is used for unreal or hypothetical situations in the present or future?
Second Conditionals
What is the structure of 'If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils' in terms of conditionals?
Zero Conditionals
Which type of clause can stand alone as a complete sentence?
Main Clause
What type of clause starts with a relative pronoun and gives more information about a noun?
Relative Clause
Which type of phrase answers the question 'when'?
Adverb Phrase of Time
What is the function of an adverb phrase that answers the question 'where'?
To tell us the location of an action
What type of clause is 'because I was hungry' in the sentence 'I went to the market because I was hungry'?
Dependent Clause
Which type of clause is 'The book that I borrowed is great'?
Relative Clause
What type of clause is 'although he was tired' in the sentence 'Although he was tired, he kept working'?
Adverb Clause of Contrast
What type of clause is 'The car which is red is mine'?
Adjective Clause
What is the function of a relative pronoun in a sentence?
To introduce a dependent clause
What is the term for a sentence that consists of at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause?
Compound Complex Sentence
What is the name of the phrase that renames or gives more information about a noun next to it and is enclosed with two commas?
Appositive Phrase
Which type of phrase functions as a noun and begins with a verb ending in -ing?
Gerund Phrase
What is the term for a phrase that starts with a past or present participle and functions as an adjective?
Participial Phrase
Which type of phrase describes a noun or pronoun?
Adjectival Phrase
What is the function of a subordinating conjunction in a sentence?
To introduce a dependent clause
What is the term for a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence?
Dependent Clause
Study Notes
Adverb Phrases
- Modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs
- Answer questions "where?", "when?", "how often?", or "why?"
- Examples:
- "On the hill" (adjectival phrase, describes "the house")
- "Under the bed" (answers "where?")
- "In the evening" (answers "when?")
- "Because of his mistake" (answers "why?")
Clauses
- Types:
- Main Clause (Independent Clause): a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence
- Dependent Clause: cannot stand alone as a sentence and depends on a main clause
- Relative Clause: starts with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which, that) and gives more information about a noun
- Adverb Clause: modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb and starts with a subordinating conjunction
Subordinating Conjunctions and Relative Pronouns
- Subordinating Conjunctions: after, although, as, as if, because, before, etc.
- Relative Pronouns: who, whose, whom, which, that
Complex Sentences
- Compound Complex Sentence: consists of at least two independent clauses and at least one or more dependent clauses
- Interchangeable structure: Independent Clause + Subordinating Conj. + Dependent Clause + Coordinating Conj. + Independent Clause
Noun Phrases
- A group of words that work together to name and describe a person, place, thing, or idea
- Types:
- Noun Phrase: "The tall man" (main noun is "man", "the tall" describes it)
- Appositive Phrase: "a skilled guitarist" (gives more information about "my brother")
- Infinitive Phrase: "to finish the project on time" (acts as a noun)
- Gerund Phrase: "Running every morning" (acts as a noun)
- Participial Phrase: "Lying on the table" (describes "the book")
Verb Phrases
- Adjectival Phrase: describes a noun or pronoun
- Noun Clause: acts as a noun in the sentence
Conditionals
- Types:
- Real Conditionals: used for real situations that are possible or likely
- Zero Conditionals: used for general truths or laws of nature
- First Conditionals: used for real and possible future situations
- Second Conditionals: used for unreal or hypothetical situations in the present or future
- Third Conditionals: used for unreal situations in the past
- Mixed Conditionals: mix time references, with one part in the past and the other in the present
Syntactic Structure
- The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences
- Example: "She sells sea shells" follows the syntax rules of English
This quiz tests your understanding of adverbial phrases, including adverbial phrases of place, reason, and more. Learn to identify and classify different types of adverbial phrases.
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