Podcast
Questions and Answers
A ______ is a formal and often lengthy discussion of a topic, where concepts and insights are arranged in an organized and logical manner.
A ______ is a formal and often lengthy discussion of a topic, where concepts and insights are arranged in an organized and logical manner.
discourse
A discourse can be either ______ or written.
A discourse can be either ______ or written.
spoken
A discourse that aims to ______ provides a descriptive and comprehensive discussion on the topic.
A discourse that aims to ______ provides a descriptive and comprehensive discussion on the topic.
inform
A discourse that aims to ______ tries to convince the readers that the proposed claim or solution is better than any other proposal.
A discourse that aims to ______ tries to convince the readers that the proposed claim or solution is better than any other proposal.
Analyzing a discourse is usually ______.
Analyzing a discourse is usually ______.
The ______ may have influenced the author's perspective on several issues.
The ______ may have influenced the author's perspective on several issues.
Personal accounts or first-hand experience of events, though subjective, establish ______ and reliability of information presented in any discourse.
Personal accounts or first-hand experience of events, though subjective, establish ______ and reliability of information presented in any discourse.
In ______, the writer aims to persuade the audience or readers.
In ______, the writer aims to persuade the audience or readers.
To get the best results possible, the procedure in the manual was modified by ______ each trial three times.
To get the best results possible, the procedure in the manual was modified by ______ each trial three times.
The given text is from "Identification of a Compound Using Melting and Boiling Points," a lab report by Dr.Ethan B.Gallogly.It presents how an experiment was ______.
The given text is from "Identification of a Compound Using Melting and Boiling Points," a lab report by Dr.Ethan B.Gallogly.It presents how an experiment was ______.
Field reports are commonly written in the ______ sciences.
Field reports are commonly written in the ______ sciences.
Field reports aim to analyze behavior patterns ______ by the subject based on specific theories.
Field reports aim to analyze behavior patterns ______ by the subject based on specific theories.
The passage is an example of an ______ of the results from the data gathered.
The passage is an example of an ______ of the results from the data gathered.
Writing in business aims to provoke ______ or elicit responses from the readers.
Writing in business aims to provoke ______ or elicit responses from the readers.
Memorandum is a form of written communication in a ______ setting.
Memorandum is a form of written communication in a ______ setting.
A résumé is a short document that shows a person’s ______ and professional background.
A résumé is a short document that shows a person’s ______ and professional background.
An applicant may include a list of ______ or people who can tell about the applicant’s character and abilities.
An applicant may include a list of ______ or people who can tell about the applicant’s character and abilities.
The language used in the letter is strictly ______.
The language used in the letter is strictly ______.
This type of discourse is based on the main ______ of the author about the topic or subject.
This type of discourse is based on the main ______ of the author about the topic or subject.
Exposition aims to ______, clarify, and explain a phenomenon.
Exposition aims to ______, clarify, and explain a phenomenon.
Narration is like ______.
Narration is like ______.
A literary discourse is generally focused on creative works, including ______.
A literary discourse is generally focused on creative works, including ______.
Poetic discourse focuses on how language is used to form ______ and convey ideologies.
Poetic discourse focuses on how language is used to form ______ and convey ideologies.
Expressive discourse is typically written in the ______ point of view.
Expressive discourse is typically written in the ______ point of view.
Transactional discourse is commonly found in ______ materials, advertisements, and editorial articles.
Transactional discourse is commonly found in ______ materials, advertisements, and editorial articles.
Academic discourse is expository or ______ in nature.
Academic discourse is expository or ______ in nature.
Unlike other discourses, academic discourse uses ______ language and the third person point of view.
Unlike other discourses, academic discourse uses ______ language and the third person point of view.
Writing in the sciences uses the ______ point of view to maintain the objective tone.
Writing in the sciences uses the ______ point of view to maintain the objective tone.
Writing in the sciences requires ______ precision; the words should be clear and exact.
Writing in the sciences requires ______ precision; the words should be clear and exact.
Jargon, which Merriam-Webster defines as "the technical terminology or characteristic ______ of a special activity or group," is commonly used in scientific writing.
Jargon, which Merriam-Webster defines as "the technical terminology or characteristic ______ of a special activity or group," is commonly used in scientific writing.
Most writings in the sciences contain a ______, an idea, or a theory that is not yet proven.
Most writings in the sciences contain a ______, an idea, or a theory that is not yet proven.
Writing in the sciences usually involves ______ research.
Writing in the sciences usually involves ______ research.
After the data-gathering process, the researcher proceeds with analyzing and ______ the results.
After the data-gathering process, the researcher proceeds with analyzing and ______ the results.
Flashcards
Discourse
Discourse
A formal discussion of a topic, organized logically.
To inform
To inform
A discourse type that provides comprehensive knowledge about a topic.
To persuade
To persuade
A discourse type aimed at convincing the audience of a claim.
To entertain
To entertain
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Cultural influence
Cultural influence
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Social environment
Social environment
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Argumentation
Argumentation
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Experiences
Experiences
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Modified Procedure
Modified Procedure
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Field Report
Field Report
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Influence in Research
Influence in Research
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Description
Description
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Writing in Business
Writing in Business
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Memorandum
Memorandum
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Exposition
Exposition
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Narration
Narration
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Letter of Reprimand
Letter of Reprimand
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Résumé
Résumé
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Poetic Discourse
Poetic Discourse
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Expressive Discourse
Expressive Discourse
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Work Experience Section
Work Experience Section
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Educational Background
Educational Background
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Transactional Discourse
Transactional Discourse
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Formal Language
Formal Language
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Academic Discourse
Academic Discourse
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Writing in the Sciences
Writing in the Sciences
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Case Study
Case Study
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Laboratory Report
Laboratory Report
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Hypothesis
Hypothesis
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Jargon
Jargon
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Linear Structure
Linear Structure
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Nonlinear Structure
Nonlinear Structure
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Objective Tone
Objective Tone
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Study Notes
Discourse Definition and Purposes
- Discourse is a formal discussion, logically arranging concepts.
- It's also how language conveys meaning, action, or response. Often written analysis of another writer's work.
- Purposes:
- Inform: Discusses a topic descriptively and comprehensively.
- Persuade: Convinces readers a claim is better.
- Entertain: Provides amusement.
Analyzing Discourse
- Analysis is contextual, considering factors influencing the writer.
- Influencing factors:
- Culture: Beliefs, customs affect perspective.
- Social Environment: Physical surroundings, time period impact writing.
- Experiences: First-hand accounts enhance credibility.
Types of Discourse
- Argumentation: Persuades by presenting claims/counterclaims with evidence (studies, data).
- Description: Based on author's impression influenced by knowledge, culture, etc. Triggers sensory images.
- Exposition: Aims to inform, clarify, explain and provide in-depth discussion, often less understood topics. Gives instructions.
- Narration: Storytelling, recounts events chronologically. Can be linear (beginning, middle, end) or nonlinear.
Literary Discourse
- Focuses on creative/nonfiction works and business communication.
- Types:
- Poetic: Creative works (poems, novels, plays). Focuses on how language creates theme and ideology. Meaning can be explicit or implied, using sound patterns to enhance ordinary words.
- Expressive: Academic journals, letters, diaries, blogs. Personal narrative, reveals writer's identity (creative nonfiction).
- Transactional: Instructional materials, ads, editorials. Directive, gives instructions; encourages action.
Academic Discourse
- Expository/argumentative; presents insights using formal language.
- Characteristics:
- Third-person point of view; objective tone; avoids figurative speech, biases, sexist/stereotyped language.
- Examples: Essays, journals, reviews, synthesis, literature reviews, research.
Writing in the Sciences
- Third-person point of view, precise diction, common use of jargon.
- Often includes hypotheses, backed by concrete evidence, from painstaking research and quantitative data-gathering methods.
- Analysis and interpretation of results follow data collection.
- Common types:
- Case study: In-depth study of a subject (person, event).
- Lab report: Formal documentation of an experiment, including objectives, methods, results.
- Field report: Analyzes behavior patterns based on specific theories and descriptive, detailed observations (social sciences).
Writing in Business
- Aims to generate action or response, formal language, objective tone, explicit purpose.
- Common types:
- Memorandum (memo): Written communication in corporate settings, informing or conveying messages. Can be announcements or reprimands.
- Résumé: Short document showing educational and professional background of an applicant.
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