Ch 5:Motion of particles
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Questions and Answers

According to the kinetic theory of gases, what is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy of gas particles?

  • Temperature has no impact on the kinetic energy of gas particles.
  • Temperature directly correlates with the average kinetic energy of gas particles. (correct)
  • Temperature increases the volume of gas particles.
  • Higher temperature decreases the kinetic energy of gas particles.

    • What characterizes ideal gas behavior?

  • Ideal gases exhibit intermolecular forces between particles.
  • All particles in an ideal gas move at different speeds.
  • Ideal gases move at different speeds at lower temperatures.
  • All particles in an ideal gas move at the same speed. (correct)

    • In the kinetic theory of gases, why are gas particles considered point masses?

  • To increase their kinetic energy.
  • To allow them to move freely without significant influence from their volume. (correct)
  • Because they have high volume compared to the container.
  • To simplify calculations involving volume.

    • What is the nature of collisions between gas particles according to the kinetic theory of gases?

    <p>Collisions are perfectly elastic with net loss of kinetic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do ideal gases assume no intermolecular forces between particles?

    <p>To simplify calculations involving temperature and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor increases the average kinetic energy of gas particles?

    <p>Higher temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior?

    <p>By exhibiting intermolecular forces between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core assumption about particle size in the kinetic theory of gases?

    <p>'Particles have negligible volume compared to the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of behavior do ideal gases exhibit under all conditions of temperature and pressure?

    <p>Obeying gas laws consistently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In real gases, what factor becomes significant at high pressures?

    <p>Particle volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do decreased particle speed and closer proximity in real gases highlight at low temperatures?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which field benefits from understanding the behavior of atmospheric gases under varying pressures and temperatures?

    <p>Environmental Science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forces can cause gas to liquefy in extreme conditions?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes real gases different from ideal gases under extreme conditions?

    <p>Finite volume and intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can compress gas particles at high pressures?

    <p>Significant particle volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of forces are reduced in real gases at low temperatures?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In real gases, what affects how gases are modeled in scientific and industrial applications?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a practical implication of understanding the behavior of atmospheric gases?

    <p>Controlling processes in chemical engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Real gases deviate from ideal behavior due to what characteristic becoming significant at high pressures?

    <p>Particle volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key assumption about gas particles in the kinetic theory regarding their size and volume?

    <p>Gas particles are considered point masses with negligible volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior characterizes collisions between gas particles according to the kinetic theory of gases?

    <p>Perfectly elastic collisions with no net loss of kinetic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes ideal gases from real gases regarding particle speed?

    <p>All particles in real gases move at the same speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do higher temperatures affect the kinetic energy of gas particles?

    <p>Higher temperatures increase particle velocity and kinetic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor do ideal gases assume does not exist between gas particles?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under high pressures and low temperatures, real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior due to what?

    <p>Significant intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between temperature and the average kinetic energy of gas particles?

    <p>$K_e \propto T$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What simplification occurs in ideal gases regarding the speed of all particles?

    <p>All particles move at the same speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do gas particles in the kinetic theory need to be considered point masses with negligible volume?

    <p>To enable gas particles to move freely without volume effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key distinction between ideal and real gases at high pressures?

    <p>Particle volume becomes significant in real gases but not in ideal gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In real gases, what effect can attractive forces between particles have under extreme conditions?

    <p>Increase collision frequency and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practical field benefits from understanding the behavior of gases during reactions and separations?

    <p>Chemical Engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do real gases differ from ideal gases under conditions that compress the gas?

    <p>Real gases liquefy while ideal gases remain gaseous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an implication of understanding the distinctions between ideal and real gases?

    <p>Improving chemical processes control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects how real gases are modeled in scientific and industrial applications?

    <p>Particle size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do decreased particle speed and closer proximity play in real gases at low temperatures?

    <p>Highlight attractive forces between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of theoretical models when compared to real-world phenomena with real gases?

    <p>Interactions between gas molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do extreme conditions highlight in real gases that differs from ideal gases?

    <p>Attractive forces between particles in real gases reduce collision frequency and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur to gas particles under conditions that compress the gas, distinguishing real from ideal gases?

    <p>Liquefying due to increasing pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes ideal gases from real gases at high pressures and low temperatures?

    <p>Significant intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In real gases, what results from high pressures and low temperatures, leading to a deviation from ideal gas behavior?

    <p>Forces of attraction between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What simplification occurs in ideal gases in relation to the speed of gas particles?

    <p>Particles moving at identical speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key assumption about gas particles in the kinetic theory regarding their intermolecular interactions?

    <p>Negligible intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions do real gases exhibit noticeable deviations from ideal behavior?

    <p>At high pressures and low temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is responsible for the deviation of real gases from ideal behavior under extreme conditions?

    <p>Significant intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of gas particles plays a role in distinguishing between ideal and real gases under varying conditions?

    <p>Forces of attraction between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor at high pressures causes the volume of gas particles to become significant, leading to a deviation from ideal gas behavior?

    <p>Particle compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under extreme conditions, what impact can attractive forces between real gas particles have?

    <p>Cause gas to liquefy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practical implication does understanding the distinctions between ideal and real gases have in chemical engineering?

    <p>Accurate prediction of gas behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes real gases from ideal gases when considering particle volume and intermolecular forces?

    <p>Finite volume and reduced intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In real gases, what occurs under conditions that compress the gas and reduce particle energy?

    <p>Intermolecular forces dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behavior do real gases exhibit especially under conditions that highlight particle compression?

    <p>Ideal behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do decreased particle speed and closer proximity have in real gases at low temperatures?

    <p>Increased collision frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complexity arises when comparing ideal and real gases in scientific and industrial applications?

    <p>Adjustments to ideal gas laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

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