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Questions and Answers
What flows between a system and its surroundings?
Which part of the universe is under study in thermodynamics?
What is defined as the surroundings in thermodynamics?
Which term in thermodynamics describes the part of the universe under consideration?
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What specifically flows between a system and its surroundings?
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Which of the following best describes the intermolecular forces of a gas?
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What is the relationship between pressure (P) and volume (V) according to the ideal gas equation?
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What does the gas constant 'R' represent in the ideal gas equation PV = nRT?
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Which statement about intermolecular forces in gases is false?
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In the ideal gas equation, what does 'n' represent?
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What is the ideal gas constant in the given text?
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What is the value of the term '𝑉 (1.82)(0.082)(69.5 + 273)' in the given text?
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What is the unit of the ideal gas constant used in the calculation?
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In the formula 𝑛𝑅𝑇 𝑃= 𝑉 (1.82)(0.082)(69.5 + 273), what does '𝑉' represent?
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What does 'STP' stand for in the given text?
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Which type of system allows the passage of mass, heat, and work?
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In a closed system, is the transfer of mass allowed?
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Which type of system allows the transfer of heat and work but not mass?
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If a system allows the passage of mass but not heat or work, what type of system is it?
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Which type of system restricts the transfer of both mass and heat?
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Which statement is true about the volume of a real gas compared to an ideal gas?
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How does the pressure of a real gas compare to that of an ideal gas?
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If the volume of an ideal gas is 4.5 L, what would you expect the volume of a real gas under similar conditions to be?
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What effect does temperature have on the pressure exerted by a real gas compared to an ideal gas?
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In a steel vessel containing 2 moles of an ideal gas at 300 K, how does the pressure compare to the pressure exerted by 2 moles of a real gas at the same temperature?
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Study Notes
Ideal Gas
- Ideal gas does not have intermolecular forces (attraction or repulsion) with other gas particles.
- Ideal gas equation: PV = nRT, where R is the gas constant.
Real Gas vs Ideal Gas
- Real gas has a larger volume (V real > V ideal) due to molecular interactions.
- Real gas has a lower pressure (P real < P ideal) due to molecular interactions.
Example Problems
- Example 1: Calculating pressure of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) ideal gas in a steel vessel:
- Given: n = 1.82 moles, V = 5.43 L, T = 69.5°C
- Solution: P = nRT / V = (1.82)(0.082)(69.5 + 273) / 5.43 = 9.42 atm
- Example 2: Calculating volume occupied by CO2 at STP:
- Given: mass of CO2 = 7.40 g
- Solution: (not shown in the provided text)
Thermodynamic Terms
- System: The part of the universe under study.
- Open System: A system with a wall that allows the passage of mass, heat, and work.
- Closed System: A system that only allows the transfer of heat and work, not mass.
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Description
Learn how to calculate the volume occupied by a gas at STP using the ideal gas law formula. Practice with an example involving 7.40 g of CO2 at standard temperature and pressure.
