Ideal Gas Law Calculation Example

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Questions and Answers

What flows between a system and its surroundings?

  • Light
  • Electricity
  • Heat (correct)
  • Sound

Which part of the universe is under study in thermodynamics?

  • Energy
  • Universe
  • System (correct)
  • Surroundings

What is defined as the surroundings in thermodynamics?

  • System under study
  • Everything outside the system (correct)
  • Heat flow
  • Energy storage

Which term in thermodynamics describes the part of the universe under consideration?

<p>System (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specifically flows between a system and its surroundings?

<p>Energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the intermolecular forces of a gas?

<p>Repulsion between gas particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure (P) and volume (V) according to the ideal gas equation?

<p>No relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the gas constant 'R' represent in the ideal gas equation PV = nRT?

<p>Rate of reaction of gases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about intermolecular forces in gases is false?

<p>Gases exhibit strong repulsion with other gas particles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the ideal gas equation, what does 'n' represent?

<p>'Neutron' constant for gases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal gas constant in the given text?

<p>0.082 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the term '𝑉 (1.82)(0.082)(69.5 + 273)' in the given text?

<p>9.42 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of the ideal gas constant used in the calculation?

<p>L/mol·K (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formula 𝑛𝑅𝑇 𝑃= 𝑉 (1.82)(0.082)(69.5 + 273), what does '𝑉' represent?

<p>Volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'STP' stand for in the given text?

<p>Standard Temperature &amp; Pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system allows the passage of mass, heat, and work?

<p>Open system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a closed system, is the transfer of mass allowed?

<p>No (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system allows the transfer of heat and work but not mass?

<p>Closed system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a system allows the passage of mass but not heat or work, what type of system is it?

<p>Isolated system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system restricts the transfer of both mass and heat?

<p>Isolated system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the volume of a real gas compared to an ideal gas?

<p>The volume of a real gas is larger than that of an ideal gas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the pressure of a real gas compare to that of an ideal gas?

<p>The pressure of a real gas is lower than that of an ideal gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the volume of an ideal gas is 4.5 L, what would you expect the volume of a real gas under similar conditions to be?

<p>More than 4.5 L (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does temperature have on the pressure exerted by a real gas compared to an ideal gas?

<p>Real gases have lower pressures at higher temperatures compared to ideal gases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a steel vessel containing 2 moles of an ideal gas at 300 K, how does the pressure compare to the pressure exerted by 2 moles of a real gas at the same temperature?

<p>The real gas exerts a lower pressure than the ideal gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Ideal Gas

  • Ideal gas does not have intermolecular forces (attraction or repulsion) with other gas particles.
  • Ideal gas equation: PV = nRT, where R is the gas constant.

Real Gas vs Ideal Gas

  • Real gas has a larger volume (V real > V ideal) due to molecular interactions.
  • Real gas has a lower pressure (P real < P ideal) due to molecular interactions.

Example Problems

  • Example 1: Calculating pressure of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) ideal gas in a steel vessel:
    • Given: n = 1.82 moles, V = 5.43 L, T = 69.5°C
    • Solution: P = nRT / V = (1.82)(0.082)(69.5 + 273) / 5.43 = 9.42 atm
  • Example 2: Calculating volume occupied by CO2 at STP:
    • Given: mass of CO2 = 7.40 g
    • Solution: (not shown in the provided text)

Thermodynamic Terms

  • System: The part of the universe under study.
  • Open System: A system with a wall that allows the passage of mass, heat, and work.
  • Closed System: A system that only allows the transfer of heat and work, not mass.

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