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Questions and Answers
Which period of ICT development is characterized by the use of pictograms and the invention of paper?
Which period of ICT development is characterized by the use of pictograms and the invention of paper?
What was the most popular device created during the Pre-mechanical Period?
What was the most popular device created during the Pre-mechanical Period?
Abacus
Who is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
Who is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
The electromechanical period saw the introduction of the telephone.
The electromechanical period saw the introduction of the telephone.
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What invention is considered the first electrical communications device?
What invention is considered the first electrical communications device?
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Which of the following is NOT a main event in the Electronic Period?
Which of the following is NOT a main event in the Electronic Period?
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What technology forms the basis of every electronic device today?
What technology forms the basis of every electronic device today?
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The first electronic general-purpose computer was the ENIAC.
The first electronic general-purpose computer was the ENIAC.
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The four main periods of ICT development are: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and _______.
The four main periods of ICT development are: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and _______.
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What is the first device to process information according to the text?
What is the first device to process information according to the text?
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The four main periods in the history of ICT are Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and __________.
The four main periods in the history of ICT are Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and __________.
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What invention by Alexander Graham Bell is highlighted in the Electromechanical period?
What invention by Alexander Graham Bell is highlighted in the Electromechanical period?
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The first programmable mechanical computer was invented by Blaise Pascal.
The first programmable mechanical computer was invented by Blaise Pascal.
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What technology did the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) represent?
What technology did the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) represent?
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Which period saw the introduction of the first single-circuit telegraph?
Which period saw the introduction of the first single-circuit telegraph?
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The invention of __________ in 1947 was a major milestone in the Electronic period.
The invention of __________ in 1947 was a major milestone in the Electronic period.
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Which device is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
Which device is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
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What did the invention of the integrated circuit by Jack Kilby in 1958 lead to?
What did the invention of the integrated circuit by Jack Kilby in 1958 lead to?
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Study Notes
Historical Background of ICT
- Four main periods of ICT development: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and Electronic.
- First form of human communication: Sumerian pictograms dating back to 3100 BCE.
Pre-mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 BCE to 1450 CE.
- Significant development: Invention of paper from papyrus, revolutionizing information storage.
- Creation of books led to the establishment of libraries, known as the first data centers.
- Introduction of numerical systems in late stages; the abacus emerged as a prominent information processing device.
Mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 to 1840.
- Characterized by the desire to automate numerical calculations using mechanical means like steam and gears.
- Key invention: Mechanical calculator “Pascaline” by Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard.
- Charles Babbage, known as the "Father of Computers," invented the Analytical Engine, the first programmable mechanical computer.
Electromechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1840 to 1940.
- Growth of electricity use for information handling and transmission began.
- Introduction of the telegraph (1837) by William Cooke and Sir Charles Wheatstone, enabling long-distance information transmission.
- Samuel Morse developed the first single-circuit telegraph in 1844, leading to Morse code.
- Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in 1876 for voice transmission over distances.
Electronic Period
- Timeframe: 1940s to present.
- Marked by the advent of solid-state and electronic devices.
- Development phases: late vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and computer processors.
- ENIAC: First electronic general-purpose computer, occupying around 167 square meters, slower than modern machines.
- The transistor, invented in 1947, replaced vacuum tubes, becoming the foundation of electronic devices.
- First full transistor computer developed in 1957, faster than earlier vacuum computers.
- Jack Kilby introduced the integrated circuit (IC) in 1958, compressing multiple transistors into a single package.
- The evolution of connectivity methods led to the creation of the internet and the World Wide Web.
- Transition of computers from basic textual interfaces to Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
Historical Background of ICT
- Four main periods of ICT development: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and Electronic.
- First form of human communication: Sumerian pictograms dating back to 3100 BCE.
Pre-mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 BCE to 1450 CE.
- Significant development: Invention of paper from papyrus, revolutionizing information storage.
- Creation of books led to the establishment of libraries, known as the first data centers.
- Introduction of numerical systems in late stages; the abacus emerged as a prominent information processing device.
Mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 to 1840.
- Characterized by the desire to automate numerical calculations using mechanical means like steam and gears.
- Key invention: Mechanical calculator “Pascaline” by Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard.
- Charles Babbage, known as the "Father of Computers," invented the Analytical Engine, the first programmable mechanical computer.
Electromechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1840 to 1940.
- Growth of electricity use for information handling and transmission began.
- Introduction of the telegraph (1837) by William Cooke and Sir Charles Wheatstone, enabling long-distance information transmission.
- Samuel Morse developed the first single-circuit telegraph in 1844, leading to Morse code.
- Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in 1876 for voice transmission over distances.
Electronic Period
- Timeframe: 1940s to present.
- Marked by the advent of solid-state and electronic devices.
- Development phases: late vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and computer processors.
- ENIAC: First electronic general-purpose computer, occupying around 167 square meters, slower than modern machines.
- The transistor, invented in 1947, replaced vacuum tubes, becoming the foundation of electronic devices.
- First full transistor computer developed in 1957, faster than earlier vacuum computers.
- Jack Kilby introduced the integrated circuit (IC) in 1958, compressing multiple transistors into a single package.
- The evolution of connectivity methods led to the creation of the internet and the World Wide Web.
- Transition of computers from basic textual interfaces to Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
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Test your knowledge on the historical background of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Explore the key periods in ICT development, from pre-mechanical to electronic, and learn about early electronic data processing and computer generations in this engaging quiz.
