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Questions and Answers
Which period of ICT development is characterized by the use of pictograms and the invention of paper?
What was the most popular device created during the Pre-mechanical Period?
Abacus
Who is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
The electromechanical period saw the introduction of the telephone.
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What invention is considered the first electrical communications device?
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Which of the following is NOT a main event in the Electronic Period?
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What technology forms the basis of every electronic device today?
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The first electronic general-purpose computer was the ENIAC.
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The four main periods of ICT development are: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and _______.
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What is the first device to process information according to the text?
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The four main periods in the history of ICT are Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and __________.
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What invention by Alexander Graham Bell is highlighted in the Electromechanical period?
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The first programmable mechanical computer was invented by Blaise Pascal.
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What technology did the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) represent?
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Which period saw the introduction of the first single-circuit telegraph?
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The invention of __________ in 1947 was a major milestone in the Electronic period.
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Which device is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
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What did the invention of the integrated circuit by Jack Kilby in 1958 lead to?
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Study Notes
Historical Background of ICT
- Four main periods of ICT development: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and Electronic.
- First form of human communication: Sumerian pictograms dating back to 3100 BCE.
Pre-mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 BCE to 1450 CE.
- Significant development: Invention of paper from papyrus, revolutionizing information storage.
- Creation of books led to the establishment of libraries, known as the first data centers.
- Introduction of numerical systems in late stages; the abacus emerged as a prominent information processing device.
Mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 to 1840.
- Characterized by the desire to automate numerical calculations using mechanical means like steam and gears.
- Key invention: Mechanical calculator “Pascaline” by Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard.
- Charles Babbage, known as the "Father of Computers," invented the Analytical Engine, the first programmable mechanical computer.
Electromechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1840 to 1940.
- Growth of electricity use for information handling and transmission began.
- Introduction of the telegraph (1837) by William Cooke and Sir Charles Wheatstone, enabling long-distance information transmission.
- Samuel Morse developed the first single-circuit telegraph in 1844, leading to Morse code.
- Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in 1876 for voice transmission over distances.
Electronic Period
- Timeframe: 1940s to present.
- Marked by the advent of solid-state and electronic devices.
- Development phases: late vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and computer processors.
- ENIAC: First electronic general-purpose computer, occupying around 167 square meters, slower than modern machines.
- The transistor, invented in 1947, replaced vacuum tubes, becoming the foundation of electronic devices.
- First full transistor computer developed in 1957, faster than earlier vacuum computers.
- Jack Kilby introduced the integrated circuit (IC) in 1958, compressing multiple transistors into a single package.
- The evolution of connectivity methods led to the creation of the internet and the World Wide Web.
- Transition of computers from basic textual interfaces to Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
Historical Background of ICT
- Four main periods of ICT development: Pre-mechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and Electronic.
- First form of human communication: Sumerian pictograms dating back to 3100 BCE.
Pre-mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 BCE to 1450 CE.
- Significant development: Invention of paper from papyrus, revolutionizing information storage.
- Creation of books led to the establishment of libraries, known as the first data centers.
- Introduction of numerical systems in late stages; the abacus emerged as a prominent information processing device.
Mechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1450 to 1840.
- Characterized by the desire to automate numerical calculations using mechanical means like steam and gears.
- Key invention: Mechanical calculator “Pascaline” by Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard.
- Charles Babbage, known as the "Father of Computers," invented the Analytical Engine, the first programmable mechanical computer.
Electromechanical Period
- Timeframe: 1840 to 1940.
- Growth of electricity use for information handling and transmission began.
- Introduction of the telegraph (1837) by William Cooke and Sir Charles Wheatstone, enabling long-distance information transmission.
- Samuel Morse developed the first single-circuit telegraph in 1844, leading to Morse code.
- Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in 1876 for voice transmission over distances.
Electronic Period
- Timeframe: 1940s to present.
- Marked by the advent of solid-state and electronic devices.
- Development phases: late vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and computer processors.
- ENIAC: First electronic general-purpose computer, occupying around 167 square meters, slower than modern machines.
- The transistor, invented in 1947, replaced vacuum tubes, becoming the foundation of electronic devices.
- First full transistor computer developed in 1957, faster than earlier vacuum computers.
- Jack Kilby introduced the integrated circuit (IC) in 1958, compressing multiple transistors into a single package.
- The evolution of connectivity methods led to the creation of the internet and the World Wide Web.
- Transition of computers from basic textual interfaces to Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the historical background of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Explore the key periods in ICT development, from pre-mechanical to electronic, and learn about early electronic data processing and computer generations in this engaging quiz.
