ICT Applications and Impact

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

• ICT encompasses all devices, networking components, applications, and systems that facilitate digital interactions.
• It has revolutionized various aspects of life, including work, communication, and social interactions.

ICT Applications Across Diverse Fields

• Citizen Engagement: ICT empowers citizens to participate in governance through online platforms, e-voting, and digital petitions.
• Security and Surveillance: ICT plays a crucial role in enhancing security using surveillance systems, facial recognition, and cyber security measures.
• Social Life and Culture: ICT shapes social life through social media, online communities, entertainment access, and virtual reality experiences.
• Education: ICT facilitates access to information, e-learning, personalized learning, and administrative efficiency in education.
• Healthcare: ICT is used for telemedicine, remote monitoring, electronic health records, and healthcare innovation.
• Economy and Business: ICT contributes to e-commerce, digital marketing, remote work, supply chain management, and financial technology.
• Communication: ICT enables instant communication, collaborative platforms, global connectivity, and social media influence.
• Governance and Public Administration: ICT supports e-government services, data-driven policy making, and efficient administration.
• Environment and Sustainability: ICT aids environmental monitoring, green technology development, and disaster management.
• Science and Research: ICT fosters data analysis, simulations, collaborative research platforms, and open access to scientific knowledge.
• Transportation and Mobility: ICT drives smart transportation systems, ride-sharing, autonomous vehicles, and logistics management.
• Agriculture: ICT enhances precision farming, market access, agricultural innovation, and sustainability practices.

History of Computing

• Early Mechanical Computers:

  • Pascaline (1642): Designed by Blaise Pascal for addition and subtraction.
  • Leibniz's Machine (1670s): Improved upon Pascaline, adding functionality for multiplication and division.

• Babbage's Engines:

  • Difference Engine (1820s): Aimed to calculate and print results, a working model was built.
  • Analytical Engine (1830s): Pioneered concepts similar to modern computers, including a "store" and a "mill."
  • Punch Cards: Inspired by Joseph Jacquard's work, Babbage proposed using punch cards to control machine operations.
  • Augusta Ada Byron: A key contributor to the Analytical Engine; she designed instructions for punch cards and is considered the "first programmer."

• ENIAC (1946): The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer; a groundbreaking device for its time, capable of performing basic arithmetic operations quickly.

• EDVAC (Electronic Discreet Variable Automatic Computer): A successor to ENIAC, introduced the concept of the stored program.

• The Stored Program Concept (1945): John von Neumann's influential report synthesized ideas for storing program instructions in memory.

• First Generation Computers (1951-1958):

  • Used vacuum tubes as logic elements.
  • Relied on punched cards for data input.
  • Employed rotating magnetic drums for internal storage.
  • Programmed in machine language or assembly language.

Cybercrime

• Definition: Criminal activity involving computers or networks as the target or tool.
• Examples: Hacking, phishing, spamming, child pornography, and data breaches.
• Key Concerns:
  • Privacy violations.
  • Data monetization and misuse.
  • Misinformation and cyberbullying.
  • Monopolization by large tech companies.

Netiquette

• A set of rules for polite online behavior, derived from "network etiquette."
• Emphasizes proper communication, including avoiding slang, text talk, and overly aggressive language.
• Encourages respect for diversity and careful consideration before sharing information.

Data Privacy

• Republic Act No. 10173 (Data Privacy Act of 2012): Philippine law protecting individual personal information.

Common Forms of Cybercrime

• Copyright Infringement: Unauthorized use of copyrighted material.
• Plagiarism: Presenting someone else's work as your own.
• Computer Addiction: Excessive and uncontrolled use of computers.

Virtual Self

• Refers to the online persona or identity an individual projects.
• Potential for criminal activities using a virtual identity.

Hacking

• Unauthorized access to and interference with computer systems.
• Often involves corrupting, altering, stealing, or destroying electronic data.

Viruses

• Malicious programs that spread through networks.
• Can cause damage by shutting down systems, disrupting networks, and stealing information.

Eavesdropping

• The act of secretly listening in on online information, often through unsecure WiFi networks.
• Can expose personal information, logins, and passwords.

5G

• The fifth generation of mobile network technology.
• Promises faster data speeds, lower latency (delay), enhanced reliability, and wider coverage.

WiFi

• Wireless networking technology that allows devices to connect to the internet without cables.
• Susceptible to eavesdropping if not secured with a password.

Cloud Computing

• The delivery of computing services - servers, storage, software, databases, networking, etc. - over the internet.
• Provides on-demand access to resources with a pay-per-use model.

Intel 4004 (1971)

• The first commercially available microprocessor, marking a significant step in the evolution of computing.

This quiz explores the wide-ranging applications of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) across various fields such as education, healthcare, and security. Understand how ICT empowers citizens, enhances social interactions, and transforms everyday life. Test your knowledge on the role of ICT in modern society.