ICT 01: Introduction to the Internet

The internet

Physical cables, including copper telephone wires, TV cables, and fiber optic cables

A server is where websites are stored, and it retrieves the website and sends the correct data back to your computer

Data travels over physical cables, such as copper telephone wires, TV cables, and fiber optic cables

The Internet allows users across the globe to share updates, photos, videos, and conversations

Your computer sends a request over the cables to a server, which retrieves the website and sends the correct data back to your computer

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices, and it uses the standard internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).

Connecting a computer to the Internet, which is also called going online.

The Internet has transformed communication by providing free or low-cost ways for people to connect, and email was one of the earliest internet applications, allowing virtually instant communication worldwide.

Having the bulk of human knowledge at one's fingertips, which has accelerated learning and enabled discoveries.

People access real-time updates and breaking news stories as they occur through the Internet.

Social media has become a primary way that people interact online.

99%

Binary elements, sequences of 0s and 1s

To transport packets from a sender to a receiver

To provide a set of rules for formatting and processing data

Major tech companies like Microsoft, Amazon, Google, and Facebook

Over 1.2 million kilometres

Standardized protocols are necessary for computers to communicate with each other because they provide a common language that allows devices to understand each other, similar to how a shared third language allows people from different parts of the world to communicate.

The primary function of an IP address is to identify a device on the internet or a local network and allow information to be sent between devices.

The role of an ISP is to provide services for accessing, using, or participating in the internet.

The World Wide Web (WWW) is an interactive collection of hypertext pages linked to one another, whereas the internet is a broader network of interconnected computers and devices.

IP addresses are essential for the functioning of the internet because they provide a way to differentiate between different computers, routers, and websites, and allow information to be sent between devices.

The purpose of a unique IP address for each device on a network is to identify and differentiate between devices, allowing information to be sent and received accurately.

To link a document, image, word, or web page to another, allowing users to 'surf' or browse pages and information on the web quickly and easily.

To identify a unique Internet site or Web server.

To enable communication between Web servers and clients, such as web browsers, to connect to the Internet or a local network.

To achieve font, color, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages.

To describe how the Internet works by breaking down the functions involved in sending data over the Internet into seven layers.

Supporting end-user software such as web browsers and email clients.