Cell Cycle and Cell Division Class 10 ICSE Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

At which educational level is the first milestone achieved?

College education

Secondary education (correct)

Primary education

Higher education

What is the significance of the marks obtained in the Class 10 ICSE exam?

They are used to evaluate a student's physical fitness

They are used to evaluate a student's social skills

They are used to evaluate a student's extracurricular skills

They are used to evaluate a student's educational excellence and basic academic skills (correct)

What is the purpose of the marks obtained in the Class 10 ICSE exam?

To evaluate a student's eligibility for school admission

To evaluate a student's eligibility for university admission

To evaluate a student's eligibility for higher education

To evaluate a student's eligibility for college admission (correct)

What is the context in which the Class 10 ICSE exam marks are considered?

In admissions to universities and colleges Signup and view all the answers

What does the author suggest for students who have doubts in Biology?

Register for tuition classes on Vedantu.com Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cell division in living organisms?

For growth, replacement of old cells, repair of injury and reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What are the three major steps involved in cell division?

Replication of DNA, division of nucleus, and division of cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the phase where chromosomes become short and thick and move towards the equator of the cell?

Prophase Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of cell division that leads to growth, development, repair, and replacement?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the region where chromatids are attached to each other?

Centromere Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase where chromosomes arrange themselves on the equatorial plane?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the spindle fibre in mitosis?

To attach to the centromere and separate sister chromatids Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of meiosis in terms of chromosome number?

The number of chromosomes is halved Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of mitosis in unicellular organisms?

It helps in asexual reproduction, e.g., binary fission in Amoeba Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a DNA molecule?

A double chain of nucleotides in the form of a helix Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of the number of divisions?

Mitosis involves one division, while meiosis involves two divisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of telophase in terms of the nuclear membrane?

The nuclear membrane reappears Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ICSE Class 10 Biology Revision Notes

Class 10 Biology Chapter 2 covers Cell Cycle, Cell Division, and Structure Of Chromosomes
Revision Notes and Short Key-notes are prepared by expert Biology teachers as per ICSE guidelines
Vedantu.com offers Biology Tuitions to clear doubts

Importance of ICSE Class 10 Exam

Considered the first milestone in a student's educational journey
Marks obtained in the exam are considered by schools, colleges, and universities for admission
Reflects a student's educational excellence and basic academic skills

Cell Cycle and Division

Cell division is essential for growth, replacement of old cells, repair of injury, and reproduction of living organisms.
The cell cycle consists of two phases: Interphase and Mitotic phase (M-phase).

Interphase

Interphase is the interval between two successive cell divisions.
It is divided into three stages: G1 phase, S-phase, and G2 phase.

Cell Division

Cell division involves three major steps: replication of DNA, division of nucleus (karyokinesis), and division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis).
There are two types of cell division: Mitosis and Meiosis.

Mitosis

Mitosis is the cell division that occurs in four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Prophase: chromosomes become short and thick, move towards the equator of the cell, and duplicate to form two chromatids attached to each other at the centromere.
Metaphase: chromosomes arrange themselves on the equatorial plane, each attached to a spindle fibre at its centromere.
Anaphase: centromere divides, and two sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and move towards opposite poles.
Telophase: chromatids become thinner, and nuclear membrane reappears; nucleolus also reappears in each daughter nucleus.
Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm into two, producing two new cells.

Meiosis

Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces sex cells or gametes.
It involves two divisions: meiosis I (reduction division) and meiosis II (equational division).
Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes in the cells by half.

Significance of Mitosis

Mitosis plays an important role in vegetative growth, wound healing, repair, and regeneration.
It maintains the same chromosome number in the daughter cells as the mother cell.
It maintains the proper size of a cell.
It helps in asexual reproduction, e.g., binary fission in Amoeba.

Significance of Meiosis

Meiosis plays an important role in sexual reproduction, i.e., in the formation of gametes (sperms and ova).
It maintains the constant number of chromosomes in a species.
It brings about recombination between maternal and paternal genes, thereby bringing in genetic variations responsible for evolution.

Chromosomes and DNA

Chromosomes are long thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins.
DNA molecule is made up of a double chain of nucleotides in the form of a helix.
A nucleotide is a sugar molecule joined to a phosphate group and an organic base.

Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis occurs in vegetative cells, whereas meiosis occurs in reproductive cells.
Mitosis involves one cell division, whereas meiosis involves two successive divisions.
Mitosis produces two daughter cells, whereas meiosis produces four daughter cells.
Mitosis produces genetically similar daughter cells, whereas meiosis produces genetically different daughter cells.
Mitosis maintains the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as the parent cell, whereas meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half.

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Description

Revision notes and short key-notes for ICSE Class 10 Biology Chapter 2, covering cell cycle, cell division, and structure of chromosomes. Prepared by expert biology teachers as per ICSE guidelines.