Questions and Answers
What condition can prevent absorption of vitamin B12 from food?
Pernicious anemia
Specific codes exist for dietary folate deficiency and for _________________ as well as an unspecified folic acid deficiency anemia.
drug-induced folate deficiency anemia
Simple chronic anemia is considered an unspecified form of _________.
nutritional anemia in ICD-10-CM
Hemolytic anemias are blood disorders that occur when RBCs are destroyed in a process called _______.
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In Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency, the RBCs are _________.
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Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Deficiency Anemia is more common ________.
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The treatment of secondary thrombocytopenia centers on treating the __________.
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What does neutropenia refer to?
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What is acute posthemorrhagic anemia?
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What typically causes acquired hemolytic anemia?
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What is defined as a decrease in the number of erythrocytes?
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Aplastic anemia is a condition where the body cannot produce enough RBCs, WBCs, or platelets.
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What is bandemia?
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What are coagulation defects?
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Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a hemorrhagic condition.
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What is hereditary hemolytic anemia related to?
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What shape do RBCs become in sickle cell disorder?
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Thalassemias are hereditary blood disorders.
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What is defined as a platelet count below 100,000/mm?
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What is von Willebrand's disease?
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In ICD-10-CM Chapter 3, use additional code for adverse effects, if applicable, to identify drug (T36-T50 with fifth or sixth character __).
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Another instructional note found in this chapter is 'Code first, if applicable, ___________ of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source (T51-T65).'
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Similarly, two instructional notes appear with the type of anemia as produced by either a poisoning or an adverse effect of a drug. The following type of anemia is produced by _________ or an adverse effect of a drug.
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Other _________ apply to the entire category of codes or an individual code to use additional codes for associated conditions.
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Instructions to 'Code first' or 'Code also' the underlying disease are also included in _______.
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What does D59.6 indicate?
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Certain blood disorders and disorders involving the _______ mechanism are related to underlying diseases as well as influences of drugs and toxins.
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Certain blood disorders in Chapter 3 of ICD-10-CM have at least _________.
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There are chapter-specific coding guidelines for Chapter 3 of ICD-10-CM.
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Code for anemia associated with malignancy should include the appropriate code for the ___________ followed by the anemia.
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What should be coded for management of anemia associated with chemotherapy?
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What should be coded for anemia associated with radiation therapy?
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What do categories D50-D53 include?
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Another common nutritional anemia is due to _____________.
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What is vegan anemia?
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Pernicious anemia is due to the body's inability to absorb vitamin B12.
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Study Notes
Acute Posthemorrhagic Anemia
- Defined as anemia due to rapid blood loss, coded as D62.
- Occurs from significant RBC loss due to massive hemorrhages (e.g., vessel rupture, aneurysms, ulcers).
- Anemia type is normocytic and normochromic.
- Postoperative anemia needs specification to determine if it is acute (D62) or chronic (D50).
- If unspecified, assigned to D64.9.
Acquired Hemolytic Anemia
- Caused primarily by extrinsic factors: drugs, toxins, systemic diseases, or abnormal immune responses.
- Treatment varies, including corticosteroids, intravenous gammaglobulin, blood transfusion, and plasmapheresis.
Anemia Definition
- Characterized by a reduction in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, or hematocrit levels.
- Symptoms include pallor, shortness of breath, palpitations, soft murmurs, lethargy, and fatigue.
Aplastic Anemia
- Results from bone marrow damage, leading to insufficient production of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
- Causes can be high-dose radiation, certain medications, and viral infections.
- Can be acute or chronic depending on triggers.
Bandemia
- Refers to the presence of immature WBCs while maintaining a normal total WBC count.
- Often associated with bacterial infections and frequently identified in pediatric patients.
Coagulation Defects
- Disorders impacting platelet function causing severe bleeding due to a deficiency of clotting factors.
- Classed under ICD-10-CM categories D65-D68.
Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Life-threatening condition occurring in 3-5% of patients receiving unfractionated heparin.
- Diagnosed by a ≥50% drop in platelet counts 5-12 days post heparin therapy.
- Coded as D75.82.
Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia
- Genetic issues affecting RBC production leading to fragile, easily destructible RBCs.
- Types include G6PD deficiency, pyruvate kinase deficiency, thalassemia, sickle cell, and hereditary spherocytosis.
Sickle Cell Disorder
- Characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin; RBCs assume a sickle shape.
- Commonly affects individuals of African descent and is screened at birth in some states.
- Treatments include folic acid supplements, antibiotics, and hydroxyurea.
Thalassemia
- Inherited blood disorders result in reduced RBCs/hemoglobin production.
- Common among people from Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean.
- Treatments may involve blood transfusions and stem cell transplants.
Thrombocytopenia
- Diagnosed when platelet counts drop below 100,000/mm.
- Types include primary (idiopathic) and secondary, with ITP being common in autoimmune cases.
Von Willebrand's Disease (vWD)
- A bleeding disorder that impairs blood clotting due to low von Willebrand factor levels.
- It's the most common inherited bleeding disorder, usually milder than hemophilia.
ICD-10-CM Chapter 3 Instructions
- Adverse effects related to drug therapies may require additional coding (T36-T50).
- "Code first" instructions highlight the need to identify underlying toxicity or poisoning (T51-T65) if applicable.
Nutritional Anemias (D50-D53)
- Include iron deficiency anemia as the most common, typically due to insufficient iron intake or chronic blood loss.
- Vitamin B12 deficiencies can cause various anemia forms, treated with dietary supplements or injections.
- Conditions like pernicious anemia stem from absorption issues and can coexist with folate deficiencies.
Hemolytic Anemias (D55-D59)
- Characterized by premature destruction of RBCs (hemolysis), leading to decreased RBC counts.
Instructional Notes
- Emphasize the need for coding additional conditions that may arise from blood disorders, including associated symptoms or external causes leading to conditions.### Hemolytic Anemia
- A condition where bone marrow fails to produce enough new red blood cells (RBCs) to replace those destroyed prematurely.
- Can be acquired or inherited, with unknown causes in some cases.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency
- G6PD deficiency leads to fragile RBCs due to the absence of the G6PD enzyme.
- Exposure to certain drugs, foods (like fava beans), or infections can trigger RBC rupture and death.
- Primarily affects males of African or Mediterranean descent; some states mandate newborn screening for G6PD deficiency.
Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Deficiency Anemia
- PK deficiency causes RBCs to lack the pyruvate kinase enzyme, leading to easy breakdown of RBCs.
- This condition is most prevalent among the Amish population.
Secondary Thrombocytopenia
- Secondary thrombocytopenia occurs as a complication of another disease.
- Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying disease or modifying medication.
- Classified under ICD-10-CM as D69.59; post-transfusion purpura coded as D69.51, characterized by severe thrombocytopenia post-transfusion, usually arising 5 to 10 days after blood products are administered.
- Post-transfusion purpura is associated with antibodies against the Human Platelet Antigen (HPA) system.
Neutropenia
- Neutropenia, classified under ICD-10-CM D70, is characterized by a reduction in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell.
- ICD codes D70.0-D70.9 cover various forms, including congenital agranulocytosis, drug-induced agranulocytosis, chemotherapy-induced agranulocytosis, infection-related neutropenia, and cyclic neutropenia.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards for Chapter 3 of the ICD-10 CM, focusing on diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, along with certain immune disorders. Each card provides definitions and codes pertinent to various blood-related conditions.
