ICD-10 Chapter 3 Blood Disorders Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What condition can prevent absorption of vitamin B12 from food?

Pernicious anemia

Specific codes exist for dietary folate deficiency and for _________________ as well as an unspecified folic acid deficiency anemia.

drug-induced folate deficiency anemia

Simple chronic anemia is considered an unspecified form of _________.

nutritional anemia in ICD-10-CM

Hemolytic anemias are blood disorders that occur when RBCs are destroyed in a process called _______.

<p>hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency, the RBCs are _________.

<p>missing an enzyme called G6PD</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Deficiency Anemia is more common ________.

<p>among the Amish</p> Signup and view all the answers

The treatment of secondary thrombocytopenia centers on treating the __________.

<p>underlying disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does neutropenia refer to?

<p>A decrease in the number of neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is acute posthemorrhagic anemia?

<p>Anemia due to acute blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically causes acquired hemolytic anemia?

<p>Extrinsic factors such as drugs, toxins, or systemic diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a decrease in the number of erythrocytes?

<p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aplastic anemia is a condition where the body cannot produce enough RBCs, WBCs, or platelets.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is bandemia?

<p>The presence of an excess number of immature WBCs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are coagulation defects?

<p>Disorders of the platelets resulting in serious bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a hemorrhagic condition.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hereditary hemolytic anemia related to?

<p>Problems with the genes that control RBC production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape do RBCs become in sickle cell disorder?

<p>Sickle or 'C' shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thalassemias are hereditary blood disorders.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a platelet count below 100,000/mm?

<p>Thrombocytopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is von Willebrand's disease?

<p>A bleeding disorder that affects clotting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ICD-10-CM Chapter 3, use additional code for adverse effects, if applicable, to identify drug (T36-T50 with fifth or sixth character __).

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another instructional note found in this chapter is 'Code first, if applicable, ___________ of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source (T51-T65).'

<p>toxic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

Similarly, two instructional notes appear with the type of anemia as produced by either a poisoning or an adverse effect of a drug. The following type of anemia is produced by _________ or an adverse effect of a drug.

<p>either a poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

Other _________ apply to the entire category of codes or an individual code to use additional codes for associated conditions.

<p>instructional notes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Instructions to 'Code first' or 'Code also' the underlying disease are also included in _______.

<p>Chapter 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does D59.6 indicate?

<p>Hemoglobinuria due to hemolysis from other external causes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Certain blood disorders and disorders involving the _______ mechanism are related to underlying diseases as well as influences of drugs and toxins.

<p>immune</p> Signup and view all the answers

Certain blood disorders in Chapter 3 of ICD-10-CM have at least _________.

<p>three instructional notes</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are chapter-specific coding guidelines for Chapter 3 of ICD-10-CM.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Code for anemia associated with malignancy should include the appropriate code for the ___________ followed by the anemia.

<p>anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be coded for management of anemia associated with chemotherapy?

<p>The type of anemia, the neoplasm being treated, and the adverse effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be coded for anemia associated with radiation therapy?

<p>The type of anemia, the neoplasm treated, and specific codes for treatment reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do categories D50-D53 include?

<p>Codes for nutritional anemias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another common nutritional anemia is due to _____________.

<p>protein deficiencies in people's diets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is vegan anemia?

<p>One form of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pernicious anemia is due to the body's inability to absorb vitamin B12.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Acute Posthemorrhagic Anemia

  • Defined as anemia due to rapid blood loss, coded as D62.
  • Occurs from significant RBC loss due to massive hemorrhages (e.g., vessel rupture, aneurysms, ulcers).
  • Anemia type is normocytic and normochromic.
  • Postoperative anemia needs specification to determine if it is acute (D62) or chronic (D50).
  • If unspecified, assigned to D64.9.

Acquired Hemolytic Anemia

  • Caused primarily by extrinsic factors: drugs, toxins, systemic diseases, or abnormal immune responses.
  • Treatment varies, including corticosteroids, intravenous gammaglobulin, blood transfusion, and plasmapheresis.

Anemia Definition

  • Characterized by a reduction in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, or hematocrit levels.
  • Symptoms include pallor, shortness of breath, palpitations, soft murmurs, lethargy, and fatigue.

Aplastic Anemia

  • Results from bone marrow damage, leading to insufficient production of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
  • Causes can be high-dose radiation, certain medications, and viral infections.
  • Can be acute or chronic depending on triggers.

Bandemia

  • Refers to the presence of immature WBCs while maintaining a normal total WBC count.
  • Often associated with bacterial infections and frequently identified in pediatric patients.

Coagulation Defects

  • Disorders impacting platelet function causing severe bleeding due to a deficiency of clotting factors.
  • Classed under ICD-10-CM categories D65-D68.

Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)

  • Life-threatening condition occurring in 3-5% of patients receiving unfractionated heparin.
  • Diagnosed by a ≥50% drop in platelet counts 5-12 days post heparin therapy.
  • Coded as D75.82.

Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia

  • Genetic issues affecting RBC production leading to fragile, easily destructible RBCs.
  • Types include G6PD deficiency, pyruvate kinase deficiency, thalassemia, sickle cell, and hereditary spherocytosis.

Sickle Cell Disorder

  • Characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin; RBCs assume a sickle shape.
  • Commonly affects individuals of African descent and is screened at birth in some states.
  • Treatments include folic acid supplements, antibiotics, and hydroxyurea.

Thalassemia

  • Inherited blood disorders result in reduced RBCs/hemoglobin production.
  • Common among people from Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean.
  • Treatments may involve blood transfusions and stem cell transplants.

Thrombocytopenia

  • Diagnosed when platelet counts drop below 100,000/mm.
  • Types include primary (idiopathic) and secondary, with ITP being common in autoimmune cases.

Von Willebrand's Disease (vWD)

  • A bleeding disorder that impairs blood clotting due to low von Willebrand factor levels.
  • It's the most common inherited bleeding disorder, usually milder than hemophilia.

ICD-10-CM Chapter 3 Instructions

  • Adverse effects related to drug therapies may require additional coding (T36-T50).
  • "Code first" instructions highlight the need to identify underlying toxicity or poisoning (T51-T65) if applicable.

Nutritional Anemias (D50-D53)

  • Include iron deficiency anemia as the most common, typically due to insufficient iron intake or chronic blood loss.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiencies can cause various anemia forms, treated with dietary supplements or injections.
  • Conditions like pernicious anemia stem from absorption issues and can coexist with folate deficiencies.

Hemolytic Anemias (D55-D59)

  • Characterized by premature destruction of RBCs (hemolysis), leading to decreased RBC counts.

Instructional Notes

  • Emphasize the need for coding additional conditions that may arise from blood disorders, including associated symptoms or external causes leading to conditions.### Hemolytic Anemia
  • A condition where bone marrow fails to produce enough new red blood cells (RBCs) to replace those destroyed prematurely.
  • Can be acquired or inherited, with unknown causes in some cases.

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency

  • G6PD deficiency leads to fragile RBCs due to the absence of the G6PD enzyme.
  • Exposure to certain drugs, foods (like fava beans), or infections can trigger RBC rupture and death.
  • Primarily affects males of African or Mediterranean descent; some states mandate newborn screening for G6PD deficiency.

Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Deficiency Anemia

  • PK deficiency causes RBCs to lack the pyruvate kinase enzyme, leading to easy breakdown of RBCs.
  • This condition is most prevalent among the Amish population.

Secondary Thrombocytopenia

  • Secondary thrombocytopenia occurs as a complication of another disease.
  • Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying disease or modifying medication.
  • Classified under ICD-10-CM as D69.59; post-transfusion purpura coded as D69.51, characterized by severe thrombocytopenia post-transfusion, usually arising 5 to 10 days after blood products are administered.
  • Post-transfusion purpura is associated with antibodies against the Human Platelet Antigen (HPA) system.

Neutropenia

  • Neutropenia, classified under ICD-10-CM D70, is characterized by a reduction in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell.
  • ICD codes D70.0-D70.9 cover various forms, including congenital agranulocytosis, drug-induced agranulocytosis, chemotherapy-induced agranulocytosis, infection-related neutropenia, and cyclic neutropenia.

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Description

This quiz consists of flashcards for Chapter 3 of the ICD-10 CM, focusing on diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, along with certain immune disorders. Each card provides definitions and codes pertinent to various blood-related conditions.

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