12 Questions
What is the primary difference between hypovolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia?
The ratio of sodium to water loss
Which of the following is a characteristic of cerebral salt wasting syndrome?
Polyuria
What is the first-line treatment for hypovolemic hyponatremia?
Isotonic saline
What is the common underlying cause of euvolemic hyponatremia?
Adrenal insufficiency
What is the effect of SIADH on the kidneys?
Increased sensitivity to ADH
A patient with SIADH has a normal or low urine output. What is the primary treatment for this patient?
Fluid restriction
What is the primary goal when correcting hyponatremia?
To increase the sodium level by 12 mEq/L per 24 hours
Which of the following medications is NOT a common cause of SIADH?
Beta blockers
What is the primary characteristic of CSW (cerebral salt wasting) syndrome?
Decreased ECF volume
What is the primary reason for using normal saline (0.9% NaCl) for correcting hyponatremia?
It adds to the serum sodium level without further diluting it
What is the desired rate of sodium level correction in a patient with hyponatremia?
12 mEq/L per 24 hours
What is the primary complication of rapidly correcting hyponatremia?
Demyelination and irreversible symptoms
This quiz covers the clinical presentations, causes, and effects of hypovolemic hyponatremia, a condition that occurs when dehydration leads to sodium loss exceeding water loss. Learn about the signs and symptoms, including orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and dry mucous membranes, as well as the causes, such as sodium losses from the kidney and elsewhere.
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