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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes hypothetico-deductive reasoning?
Which of the following best describes hypothetico-deductive reasoning?
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
What is the role of an independent variable in an experiment?
What is the role of an independent variable in an experiment?
What is the purpose of operationalizing variables in research?
What is the purpose of operationalizing variables in research?
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What is the function of a theory in scientific research?
What is the function of a theory in scientific research?
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Study Notes
Hypothetico-Deductive Reasoning
- A methodological approach used in scientific research to generate hypotheses based on theoretical frameworks.
- Involves making predictions that can be tested through experiments and observations to validate or refute the theory.
- It relies on both deductive logic—deriving specific implications from broader theories—and empirical testing to gather evidence.
Control Group in Experiments
- Serves as a baseline for comparison to assess the effects of the independent variable.
- Not exposed to the experimental treatment, allowing researchers to determine the treatment's impact by contrasting results with the experimental group.
- Helps account for external variables that could influence the results, ensuring the validity of findings.
Independent Variable in Experiments
- The variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe its effects on the dependent variable.
- Considered the cause in the cause-and-effect relationship and is fundamental to establishing causal links in an experiment.
- Examples include dosage levels in drug studies or different teaching methods in educational research.
Operationalizing Variables in Research
- The process of defining variables in measurable terms to enable assessment and analysis.
- Facilitates clarity and precision in research methodologies, ensuring that others can replicate studies or understand the measurement processes.
- Helps in translating abstract concepts (like intelligence or stress) into specific, observable measures.
Function of a Theory in Scientific Research
- Provides a systematic framework to explain and predict phenomena based on observed data.
- Integrates and organizes existing knowledge, allowing researchers to formulate hypotheses and guide further investigation.
- Serves as a foundation for developing practical applications and interventions based on scientific understanding.
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Description
Test your knowledge on hypothetico-deductive reasoning and the reasoning process of modern science. Learn about hypotheses, controlled observations, and the methods of study used in scientific research.