Hypothesis Based Science Overview

Questions and Answers

What is the correct order of the steps in Hypothesis Based Science?

Prediction, Observation, Test, Question, Hypothesis

Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Prediction, Test (correct)

Observation, Hypothesis, Prediction, Question, Test

Hypothesis, Question, Observation, Prediction, Test

Which statement accurately describes a hypothesis?

A hypothesis can only be based on quantitative data.

A hypothesis is a definitive answer to a research question.

A hypothesis is an explanation that is testable and falsifiable. (correct)

A hypothesis is an untestable guess about the outcome of an experiment.

What are independent variables in an experiment?

Variables that are manipulated to observe effects. (correct)

Factors used to gauge the effectiveness of treatments.

Variables that are measured to determine the outcome.

Factors that remain constant throughout the experiment.

What type of data is considered qualitative?

Data observed through senses such as sight and smell. Signup and view all the answers

In hypothesis based research, what is the purpose of control treatments?

To provide a baseline for comparison of the experiments. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances should a T-test be used?

When comparing differences between samples without normal distribution. Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is measured in an experiment to determine the outcome?

Dependent variable Signup and view all the answers

When is the Chi-squared test most appropriately utilized?

To analyze the relationship between two qualitative data sets. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypothesis Based Science Overview

Hypothesis Based Science consists of five steps that facilitate the creation of valid and testable experiments.

Steps of Hypothesis Based Science

Observation: Noticing and describing phenomena in the natural world.
Question: Formulating a question based on observations.
Hypothesis: Proposing an explanation that answers the research question.
Prediction: Anticipating the expected outcome of the experiment and the rationale behind it.
Test: Conducting experiments to validate or falsify the hypothesis.

Research Questions Examples

How does the internal temperature change in geckos affect their health?
How likely are pigeons to rely on humans rather than nature for food?
How is plant growth affected by atmospheric pressure?
Effective research questions must be both testable and researchable.

Understanding Hypotheses

A hypothesis is a testable and falsifiable explanation addressing a specific observation.

Variables and Treatments

Variables: Elements that are measured to assess the validity of a hypothesis.
Independent Variables: Factors that are manipulated in the experiment.
Dependent Variables: Outcomes that are measured and observed.
Standardized Variables: Conditions kept constant to avoid influencing the results.
Experimental Treatments: Specific manipulations applied to the independent variable.
Control Treatments: Baseline conditions used to evaluate the effectiveness of experimental treatments.

Types of Data

Qualitative Data: Data based on sensory observation (sight, smell, etc.).
Quantitative Data: Data represented by numerical values.

Statistical Tests Usage

T-test: Used to compare differences between sample groups when normal distribution is unknown.
Chi-squared Test: Analyzes the closeness of two data sets and assesses the accuracy of predictions.
P-value: Indicates the probability of results occurring due to random chance.

Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of hypothesis based science through a detailed outline. This quiz covers the five essential steps involved—Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Prediction, and Test—as well as practical examples of research questions in the field.