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Questions and Answers
Which best explains how Ivanovski's work led to a change in the germ theory?
Which best explains how Ivanovski's work led to a change in the germ theory?
- He tried to promote his hypothesis as a law.
- He used a more powerful bacterial strain than other scientists had.
- He obtained results that confirmed what other scientists were thinking.
- He used a new experimental method to test his hypothesis. (correct)
What do hypotheses, theories, and laws have in common?
What do hypotheses, theories, and laws have in common?
- Predictions
- Observations (correct)
- Data
- Explanations
This is an example of:
This is an example of:
- A theory changing because a new scientific method was developed. (correct)
- A hypothesis changing because a new scientific method was developed.
- A law changing because a new scientific method was developed.
- An observation changing because a new scientific method was developed.
Which is the correct order in the scientific process?
Which is the correct order in the scientific process?
The development of a new experimental method is most likely to change a theory if it makes it possible to:
The development of a new experimental method is most likely to change a theory if it makes it possible to:
Based on the information provided, the statement 'traits are passed from parents to offspring independently of one another' is:
Based on the information provided, the statement 'traits are passed from parents to offspring independently of one another' is:
How does a law differ from a theory?
How does a law differ from a theory?
Which occurs directly before forming a hypothesis?
Which occurs directly before forming a hypothesis?
A testable hypothesis could be formed from which question?
A testable hypothesis could be formed from which question?
In which situation would new technology be most likely to cause a change in an existing theory about new structures in a cell?
In which situation would new technology be most likely to cause a change in an existing theory about new structures in a cell?
How should you test a hypothesis?
How should you test a hypothesis?
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Study Notes
Germ Theory Evolution
- Germ theory initially attributed contagious diseases to fungi or bacteria.
- Dmitri Ivanovski discovered the tobacco mosaic virus in the 1890s by filtering extracts from diseased plants.
- His findings shifted germ theory by introducing the concept of viruses as infectious agents.
Comparisons of Hypotheses, Theories, and Laws
- Common elements among hypotheses, theories, and laws include reliance on observations.
- They all utilize data and predictions to formulate scientific understanding.
Gregor Mendel's Contributions
- Gregor Mendel utilized statistical analysis to investigate inheritance patterns.
- Contrary to prior beliefs, Mendel’s work established that traits are inherited as genes from parents, revolutionizing genetics.
- This discovery exemplifies a theory change due to the introduction of a new scientific method.
Scientific Process Sequence
- Correct order in scientific methodology is: make an observation → ask a question → form a hypothesis.
Impact of Experimental Methods on Theories
- New experimental methods can significantly influence existing theories, particularly through analyzing larger sample sizes.
Understanding Scientific Laws
- Mendel's observation that traits are passed independently is classified as a law due to widespread validation by geneticists.
- A law is defined as a statement of fact, whereas a theory serves as an explanatory framework.
Hypothesis Development
- Developing a testable question is essential prior to forming a hypothesis in research.
Formulating Testable Hypotheses
- A suitable question for creating a testable hypothesis is, "Are bass more active in the daytime than at night?" This poses a clear, investigable scenario.
Technological Advancements in Scientific Theory
- New technology can significantly alter existing theories by enabling the detection of previously undiscovered structures within cells.
Methodology for Testing Hypotheses
- The appropriate method to test a hypothesis is through performing controlled experiments, which provide reliable and replicable results.
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