Hypotension Management

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the dose of epinephrine to be administered in case of hypotension?

0.1-0.5 mg/mL

1-2 mg/mL

0.5-1 mg/mL

0.05-0.1 mg/mL (correct)

What is the administration rate of epinephrine in hypotension?

Given over 1-3 minutes (correct)

Given rapidly over 30 seconds

Given over 3-5 minutes

Given over 5-10 minutes

What is the maximum total dose of epinephrine that can be given?

5 mg

1 mg

2 mg

3 mg (correct)

What is the dose of D50W to be administered in case of hypotension?

0.5-1 mL Signup and view all the answers

What medication is added if the patient is bradycardic?

Atropine Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Atropine to be administered in case of bradycardia?

0.5-1 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the administration route for Glucagon in case of hypotension?

IM Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Glucagon to be administered in case of hypotension?

1 mg/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial dose of Methylprednisolone if the patient is experiencing Laryngeal Edema?

40-60 mg IV Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Naloxone administered to the patient?

0.1-0.4 mg IV Signup and view all the answers

How many puffs of Albuterol are administered to the patient?

2 puffs Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of oxygen administered to the patient?

10 L/minute Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of lorazepam administered to the patient?

0.1 mg/kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dose of lorazepam that can be administered?

4 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the area to which 15 mg of medication is applied?

1 x 3 inch area Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate at which the IV medication is administered?

1-2 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in responding to a medical emergency?

Call Emergency Response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of assessing breathing during a medical emergency?

To look, listen, and feel for signs of breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dose of Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for a severe allergic reaction?

25–50 mg IV over 1–2 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of administering oxygen by mask during a medical emergency?

To support breathing and prevent respiratory distress Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended medication for treating a seizure during a medical emergency?

None of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of monitoring vitals during a medical emergency?

To track the patient's overall condition and respond accordingly Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dose of Nitroglycerin tablet for treating hypertension crisis?

0.4 mg sublingual Signup and view all the answers

When should you call the Emergency Response Team?

Immediately after identifying a medical emergency Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dosage of epinephrine for adults?

0.3 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using an epinephrine autoinjector for treatment of contrast reactions?

Shorter time to administration and fewer errors Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method of administering epinephrine for anaphylaxis?

Intramuscular injection Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with intravenous bolus of epinephrine?

Higher risk of cardiovascular complications Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight threshold for administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine to children?

30 kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the conclusion of the study on epinephrine autoinjectors for treatment of contrast reactions?

Significantly greater degree of provider comfort and shorter time to administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of intramuscular epinephrine administration?

Lower risk of overdose and adverse cardiovascular events Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an epinephrine autoinjector?

To treat anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

What is the eGFR threshold below which CIN risk increases?

eGFR < 30 Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN)?

Acute kidney injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents (GBCAs)?

By decreasing the relaxation time of hydrogen nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Magnevist?

Linear Ionic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of excretion for Extracellular GBCAs?

Renal Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Hepatobiliary GBCAs?

High T1 relaxivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF)?

Thickening and hardening of skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the group of patients at highest risk for developing NSF?

CKD stage 4 and 5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of NSF?

Free Gd ion dissociation Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of reported NSF cases as of 2012?

727 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypotension Treatment

Airway management: give oxygen by mask at 10 L/minute
If tachycardic, add epinephrine (0.05-0.1 mg IV bolus)
If bradycardic, add atropine (0.5-1 mg IV slowly)
Consider dextrose 50% (D50W) if hypoglycemic
Glucagon (1 mg/mL) if no IV access
Stabilize and assess the patient (airway, breathing, circulation, neuro deficit)

Contrast Reactions

Recognition and treatment of contrast reactions
Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) remains controversial
CIN prevention: volume expansion, alternative modalities, and limiting contrast volume
Emergency responsive contrast reaction kit

Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents

GBCAs clinical chemistry and classifications
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) associated with GBCAs
NSF symptoms: thickening, hardening, discoloration of skin and subcutaneous tissues
NSF diagnosis: skin biopsy
Pathophysiology: prolonged circulation of GBCAs, Gd free ion dissociation, and precipitation in tissues
GBCAs clinical categories: extracellular agents, hepatobiliary agents, and blood pool agents

NSF Epidemiology

First described as Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy in 1997
Renamed Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis in 2004/05 following identification of systemic involvement
Role of gadolinium identified in 2006
As of 2012, 727 reported cases of NSF: 505 from Omniscan exposure, 35 from OptiMARK exposure, and 170 from Magnevist exposure

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers the steps to manage hypotension, including Bolus dosages and IV access considerations.