10 Questions
Clot activators enhance ______
coagulation
Thixotropic gel separator inhibits cellular metabolism of substances by moving in between the cells and ______
serum/plasma
Trace element-free tube reduces trace elements ______
contamination
ORDER OF DRAW refers to a special sequence of tube collection that reduces the risk of specimen contamination by ______
microorganisms and additive carry over
OSHA mandates that gloves must be worn when collecting blood and must be changed after each ______
patient
Sharps Container is necessary for the proper and safe disposal of used needles, syringes, lancets, and any tool that can cause an ______
incision
Biohazard bags should be available for transport of specimens based on institutional ______
protocol
Pen/Marker is necessary for the information in the specimen tube ______
labeling
Labelling should include the patient’s complete name, date of birth, ID number if applicable, date of collection, initials of phlebotomist, and additional information such as ______
fasting
Computer-generated labels are used for efficient ______
labeling
Study Notes
Blood Collection Materials and Equipment
- A phlebotomist should be familiar with the materials used in blood collection to prevent pre-analytical errors that can affect the validity of the results.
- General blood collection equipment and supplies include:
- Phlebotomy area/chair
- Equipment carrier/phlebotomy collection tray/tackle box
- Syringe/ETS/lancets
- Tourniquet
- Evacuated collection tubes
- Gloves
- Antiseptics/disinfectants/hand-sanitizers
- Gauze pads/cotton
- Bandages
- Sharps container
- Biohazard bags
- Marking pen
- Slides
- Timer
- Requisition form (used for patient identification)
Phlebotomy Needles
- Used for withdrawing blood samples
- Sterile and single-use
- Length: 1-1.5 inches
- Gauge: 16-25
- Three types: multi-sample, hypodermic, and winged infusion set
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
- Antiseptics:
- 70% Ethyl alcohol
- 70% Isopropyl alcohol
- Benzalkonium chloride
- Chlorhexidine gluconate
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Povidone-iodine
- Tincture iodine
- Disinfectants:
- 10% Sodium hypochlorite
- Gauze pads or cotton balls are used to apply pressure to the venipuncture site and maintain sterilization
Syringe System
- Used as an alternative method for drawing blood
- Preferred method when drawing blood from patients with small or fragile veins
- Suction pressure on the vein can be controlled
- Routinely used: 2mL, 5mL, and 10mL
- Composed of:
- Syringe needle
- Hypodermic needle
- Syringe (divided into graduated barrel and plunger)
Evacuated Tube System
- Closed collection system
- The most efficient and frequently used method for venipuncture
- Blood is collected directly into the evacuated tube
- Enables multiple tubes to be collected in a single venipuncture
- Composed of:
- Multi-sample needle
- Tube holders
- Evacuated tubes (with premeasured vacuum)
- Evacuated tubes can be additive or non-additive
Butterfly System
- Winged infusion set used for IV fluid infusion and venipuncture for very small and fragile veins (pediatrics and geriatrics)
- Has a short needle with a plastic part resembling butterfly wings
- With long tubing with:
- Luer fitting
- Syringe
- Luer adapter
- ETS
Skin Puncture Devices
- Manual lancets
- Automatic puncture devices (deliver a swift puncture to a predetermined depth)
- Contact activated
- The dimensions of the puncture are controlled by the width and depth of the point
Evacuated Collection Tubes
- May be plastic or glass with a colored, rubber top
- The color of each top indicates the specific diagnostic test to be performed
- Microcollection tubes are used for dermal puncture samples
Blood Collection Tube Additives
- May contain none to more than one additives depending on the test ordered
- Forms of additives: liquid, spray-dried, or powdered
- Additive categories:
- Anti-coagulants (blood thinners)
- Anti-glycolytic agents (prevent breakdown of glucose by blood cells or glycolysis)
Test your knowledge on hypodermic needles and syringes used in blood collection procedures. Learn about the components of a syringe, such as the graduated barrel and plunger, and how they create a vacuum for efficient blood collection.
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