Hypertension Diagnosis and Management

A patient's blood pressure consistently reads 132/86 mmHg. According to the established hypertension stages, how should this patient's blood pressure be classified?

Which of the following complications is most directly associated with long-standing, uncontrolled hypertension?

Which of the following diagnostic findings would be most indicative of target organ damage in a patient with chronic hypertension?

A patient with hypertension is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What is the primary mechanism by which this medication helps to lower blood pressure?

Which lifestyle modification would be most beneficial for a patient newly diagnosed with elevated blood pressure?

A patient with a decreased cardiac output (CO) is likely to exhibit which combination of the following signs and symptoms?

Which scenario would result in an increased afterload on the heart?

A patient's blood pressure is consistently elevated at 140/90 mmHg during three separate clinic visits. According to the information, which of the following is the most appropriate initial action?

A patient's ECG shows a heart rate of 120 bpm originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node. Which of the following best describes this rhythm?

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated in response to decreased blood pressure. How does aldosterone contribute to restoring blood pressure?

A patient presents with shortness of breath, dyspnea, and edema. Physical examination reveals jugular vein distension and hepatomegaly. Which cardiac condition is most likely associated with these findings?

A patient is diagnosed with restrictive cardiomyopathy. Which of the following treatment strategies would be most appropriate, based on the information provided?

A patient experiencing chest pain, syncope, and palpitations is diagnosed with an arrhythmia. Which physical characteristic is most associated with an arrhythmia?

A patient is diagnosed with mitral regurgitation. Which of the following findings would you expect to see in this patient?

A patient presents with a history of rheumatic fever and is now experiencing progressive shortness of breath. An echocardiogram reveals narrowing of the mitral valve. Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis?

Which pathological process is the initial event in the development of atherosclerosis, potentially leading to coronary artery disease?

A patient with chronic stable angina is prescribed a beta-blocker. How does this medication primarily reduce chest pain?

A patient with left-sided heart failure reports sudden shortness of breath while lying down at night. Which term best describes this symptom?

In the management of a patient with heart failure, what is the primary rationale for administering ACE inhibitors?

A patient diagnosed with right-sided heart failure is most likely to exhibit which of the following signs and symptoms?

Which of the following diagnostic findings would most strongly suggest a diagnosis of systolic heart failure (HFrEF)?

What is the primary mechanism by which statin medications help to prevent complications of coronary artery disease?

A patient reports chest pain that occurs predictably with exertion and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. This pattern is most consistent with which type of angina?

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing dyspnea. Which oxygen delivery method would be most appropriate to administer a precise and consistent oxygen concentration?

During an episode of epistaxis, initial first aid interventions should include which action?

A patient with allergic rhinitis presents with persistent nasal congestion, clear nasal drainage, and frequent sneezing. Which combination of medications would be most appropriate for managing these symptoms?

A patient using pursed-lip breathing (PLB) asks about its purpose. What is the most appropriate explanation of the primary benefit of PLB?

A patient reports symptoms of acute sinusitis following a cold. How long do the symptoms typically need to persist to be classified as acute sinusitis?

A patient presents with a persistent cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Auscultation reveals bronchial breath sounds and diminished lung sounds in the lower lobes. Which of the following is the MOST likely underlying pathological process?

A patient diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) develops a sudden onset of severe hypoxemia despite supplemental oxygen. Which of the following complications should be suspected?

During an influenza outbreak, a public health campaign emphasizes preventative measures. Which intervention would MOST effectively reduce the spread of the influenza virus?

A patient with suspected pneumonia undergoes a bronchoscopy. What is the MOST likely rationale for performing this diagnostic procedure?

A patient is diagnosed with influenza A and reports symptom onset 48 hours ago. Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate?

A patient diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD) reports experiencing intermittent claudication. What physiological process primarily contributes to this symptom?

A patient with acute arterial ischemia in the left leg suddenly reports numbness and inability to move the foot. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

A patient is being assessed for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which finding is most indicative of a DVT in the lower extremity?

A patient with a history of varicose veins asks about preventing complications. Which of the following would you recommend?

A patient with chronic venous insufficiency has developed a venous stasis ulcer on their lower leg. What is the priority nursing intervention for this patient?

A patient is post-operative following a femoral-popliteal bypass graft for PAD. Which assessment finding requires immediate notification of the health care provider?

A patient on bed rest following surgery is prescribed prophylactic heparin. What is the primary rationale for this medication?

Which component of Virchow's triad is most directly addressed through the use of compression stockings in a patient at risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Normal Blood Pressure

Elevated Blood Pressure

Hypertension's Etilogical Damage

HTN Complications

Lifestyle Modifications for BP

Cardiac Conduction Pathway

Cardiac Output (CO)

Preload

Afterload

Blood Pressure (BP)

Aortic Stenosis

Mitral Stenosis

Mitral Regurgitation

Aortic Regurgitation

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

PLB Purpose

Nasal Cannula

Causes of Epistaxis

Epistaxis First Aid

Allergic Rhinitis

Atherosclerosis

Chronic Stable Angina

Nitrates

Beta Blockers (BB)

CABG

Heart Failure

Right-Sided Heart Failure Symptoms

Left-Sided Heart Failure (Systolic)

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

Acute Arterial Ischemia

Venous Thrombosis (DVT/VTE)

Virchow's Triad

Varicose Veins

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

PAD Manifestations

VTE Prevention

Influenza (Flu)

RIDT (Rapid Flu Test)

Pneumonia

Pneumonia Pathophysiology

Atelectasis