Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following describes high blood pressure?
Which of the following describes high blood pressure?
How is hypertension diagnosed?
How is hypertension diagnosed?
Two or more readings on different occasions at least one week apart.
What are the signs and symptoms of hypertension?
What are the signs and symptoms of hypertension?
Known as a silent killer because there are no signs and symptoms until a reading, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), or cardiovascular death occurs.
What is primary hypertension?
What is primary hypertension?
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What is secondary hypertension?
What is secondary hypertension?
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What is prehypertension and how can it be fixed?
What is prehypertension and how can it be fixed?
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What is stage 1 hypertension?
What is stage 1 hypertension?
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What is stage 2 hypertension?
What is stage 2 hypertension?
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How can persistent hypertension affect the body?
How can persistent hypertension affect the body?
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What is the medical regimen for stage 1 hypertension?
What is the medical regimen for stage 1 hypertension?
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What is the medical regimen for stage 2 hypertension?
What is the medical regimen for stage 2 hypertension?
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Which of the following are risk factors for hypertension? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are risk factors for hypertension? (Select all that apply)
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Study Notes
Hypertension Overview
- High blood pressure serves as a sign, risk factor, and disease itself.
- Known as the "silent killer" due to lack of symptoms until serious events like stroke or heart attack occur.
Diagnosis of Hypertension
- Diagnosis requires two or more readings taken on different occasions, spaced at least one week apart.
Hypertension Classifications
- Primary Hypertension: Accounts for 90% of cases, with no identifiable cause.
- Secondary Hypertension: Has a specific and identifiable cause.
- Prehypertension: Blood pressure readings between 120-139/80-89, manageable through lifestyle changes such as weight loss, reduced salt intake, exercise, and decreased alcohol and smoking.
- Stage 1 Hypertension: Blood pressure readings ranging from 140-159/90-99; requires evaluation within one month, along with lifestyle changes like walking and salt reduction.
- Stage 2 Hypertension: Blood pressure readings exceeding 160/100; requires weekly evaluation.
Effects of Persistent Hypertension
- Chronic high blood pressure can gradually damage blood vessels in critical organs such as the heart, kidneys, brain, and eyes.
Medical Regimens
- Stage 1 Treatment: Typically starts with thiazide diuretics; may consider adding ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, or calcium channel blockers as needed.
- Stage 2 Treatment: Involves two-drug combinations, commonly pairing thiazide diuretics with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, or calcium channel blockers.
Risk Factors for Hypertension
- Important risk factors include:
- Hypertension itself
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
- Dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid levels)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Presence of microalbuminuria or reduced GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate)
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Description
Test your knowledge on hypertension with these flashcards that cover key concepts such as diagnosis, signs, and definitions. Perfect for anyone looking to understand the basics of high blood pressure and its implications for health.
