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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the hypersensitive response (HR) in plants?
What is the primary function of the hypersensitive response (HR) in plants?
- To limit pathogenic access to the rest of the plant via programmed cell death. (correct)
- To activate basal resistance mechanisms.
- To promote systemic infection by the pathogen.
- To enhance pathogen growth within the host plant.
Which of the following describes the immediate outcome of bypassing basal resistance in plants?
Which of the following describes the immediate outcome of bypassing basal resistance in plants?
- Weakening of the plant's immune system.
- Direct stimulation of plant growth.
- Rapid activation of the hypersensitive response (HR). (correct)
- Delayed activation of defense responses.
How do plants recognize pathogens to initiate an immune response?
How do plants recognize pathogens to initiate an immune response?
- Through the detection of plant hormones produced by pathogens.
- By directly recognizing pathogen DNA within plant cells.
- Through the detection of elicitors produced by pathogens. (correct)
- By sensing changes in soil pH caused by pathogen activity.
What is the consequence of a R-Avr match in plant-pathogen interactions?
What is the consequence of a R-Avr match in plant-pathogen interactions?
Which of the following occurs during the hypersensitive response to prevent pathogen spread?
Which of the following occurs during the hypersensitive response to prevent pathogen spread?
What mechanisms do plant cells employ to combat bacterial pathogens during the hypersensitive response?
What mechanisms do plant cells employ to combat bacterial pathogens during the hypersensitive response?
Besides programmed cell death, what structural change do plants induce to prevent further infection during the hypersensitive response?
Besides programmed cell death, what structural change do plants induce to prevent further infection during the hypersensitive response?
Which type of pathogen is known to induce the hypersensitive response in host plants?
Which type of pathogen is known to induce the hypersensitive response in host plants?
What is the outcome for a plant when a pathogen triggers a strong, localized hypersensitive response?
What is the outcome for a plant when a pathogen triggers a strong, localized hypersensitive response?
How does the plant benefit from the localized destruction of leaf portions during a hypersensitive response?
How does the plant benefit from the localized destruction of leaf portions during a hypersensitive response?
Flashcards
Hypersensitive Response (HR)
Hypersensitive Response (HR)
A rapid defense response in plants involving programmed cell death to restrict pathogen spread.
Elicitors
Elicitors
Molecules produced by pathogens that trigger a plant's immune response.
R-Avr Interaction
R-Avr Interaction
Enhanced immune response in plants when R-Avr genes match, leading to localized infection control.
Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis)
Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis)
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Basal Resistance
Basal Resistance
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Study Notes
- Hypersensitive response (HR) activates rapidly if basal resistance is bypassed.
Hypersensitive Response
La reparación homóloga (HR) es esencial para mantener la integridad del ADN, previniendo enfermedades como el cáncer al reparar roturas de doble hebra y eliminando células dañadas mediante apoptosis.
- Pathogen is restricted to the infected site, limiting access to the rest of the plant.
- Plant immune system detects molecules (elicitors) produced by pathogens.
- Plant cells generate compounds, that attach to bacterial pathogens, destroying cell walls, or increasing lignification to prevent further infection.
- Bacteria, fungi, and nematodes trigger hypersensitive responses (HR) in plants, causing localized cell death and limiting pathogen spread.
- R-Avr match in avirulent pathogens triggers a stronger immune response.
- Infection is localized by the plant, producing small lesions to control the pathogen.
- Plant survives in most cases, even if portions of the leaf are destroyed.
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