Questions and Answers
What are the trade names for Hydroxyzine?
What is the class of Hydroxyzine?
Antihistamine, antiemetic, antianxiety agent, anxiolytic.
What is the mechanism of action of Hydroxyzine?
Potentiates effects of analgesics; calming effect without impairing mental alertness.
What are the indications for using Hydroxyzine?
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What are the contraindications for Hydroxyzine?
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What are the common adverse reactions of Hydroxyzine?
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What drug interactions does Hydroxyzine have?
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How is Hydroxyzine supplied?
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Hydroxyzine should be administered by ______ injection only.
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What is the full adult dosage for Hydroxyzine?
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What is the pediatric dosage for Hydroxyzine?
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What is the duration of action for Hydroxyzine?
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What special considerations should be noted for Hydroxyzine?
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Study Notes
Hydroxyzine Overview
- Hydroxyzine is marketed under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril.
- Classified as an antihistamine, it also serves as an antiemetic and antianxiety agent.
Mechanism of Action
- Enhances the effectiveness of analgesics, providing a calming effect without diminishing mental alertness.
- Acts rapidly as a true ataraxic, likely suppressing activity in specific central nervous system areas.
- Exhibits multiple effects: bronchodilating, antispasmodic, antihistaminic, analgesic, and antiemetic.
Clinical Indications
- Used to potentiate analgesic effects.
- Effective in managing nausea and vomiting related to anxiety and motion sickness.
- Provides sedation for preoperative and postoperative patients.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug.
- Should be avoided in early pregnancy.
Adverse Reactions and Side Effects
- Common side effects include drowsiness, agitation, ataxia, dizziness, and headache.
- Other noted reactions: weakness, wheezing, chest tightness, urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation, and injection site pain.
Drug Interactions
- Hydroxyzine can amplify the effects of central nervous system depressants, including narcotics, barbiturates, and alcohol.
Dosage and Administration
- Available in vials of 25 mg and 50 mg/mL.
- For adults, the recommended dosage is 25-100 mg administered by intramuscular injection only.
- In pediatric patients, the dosage ranges from 0.5-1 mg/kg/dose, also by intramuscular injection.
Duration of Action
- Onset of effects occurs within 15-30 minutes.
- Peak effects are observed 45-90 minutes after administration.
- Total duration of action lasts approximately 4-6 hours.
Special Considerations
- Hydroxyzine is classified as Category C for pregnancy safety, indicating potential risks.
- Administer exclusively via intramuscular injection; localized burning at the injection site is commonly reported.
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Description
Explore the key concepts surrounding Hydroxyzine, including its definitions, classifications, and mechanisms of action. This quiz is designed to help you understand the pharmacological properties and uses of this medication.
