Hydropower and Renewable Energy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of a hydro power scheme?

  • To generate electricity at the upper end of the scheme
  • To convert the potential energy of a mass of water into electric energy (correct)
  • To regulate water release through gates
  • To provide flood control and irrigation support

    • What is the function of a surge tank in a conventional hydropower plant?

  • To regulate water release through gates
  • To absorb any water surges caused in the penstock or pressure tunnel (correct)
  • To convert the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy
  • To increase the voltage of the generated electricity

    • What is the purpose of a transformer in a conventional hydropower plant?

  • To convert alternating current to a higher voltage (correct)
  • To regulate water release through gates
  • To generate electricity at the lower end of the scheme
  • To convert the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy

    • What is a benefit of hydropower outside of electricity generation?

    <p>Flood control and irrigation support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sequence of energy conversion in a hydropower plant?

    <p>Potential energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of hydropower as a form of energy?

    <p>It is a clean and cost-effective form of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Kaplan turbines?

    <p>Axial-flow reaction turbines with adjustable runner blades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of propeller turbines?

    <p>Fixed runner blades and fixed guide-vanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of turbine is used for low heads?

    <p>Kaplan turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of turbine is used for high heads?

    <p>Pelton turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of turbine is derived from propeller and Kaplan turbines?

    <p>Bulb and tubular units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the Francis turbine that distributes water around the entire perimeter of the runner?

    <p>Scroll casing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Francis turbines?

    <p>Radial-flow reaction turbines with fixed runner blades and adjustable guide-vanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of turbine is suitable for high-flow, low-head streams?

    <p>Cross-flow turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which plane are the axes of the nozzles located in a Pelton turbine?

    <p>In the plane of the runner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical head range for a Turgo turbine?

    <p>30-300 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the Turgo turbine's buckets?

    <p>They are shaped differently, with a 20° angle of incidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a advantages of the Turgo turbine's design?

    <p>Direct coupling of turbine and generator is more likely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a dam in an impoundment hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>To store river water in a reservoir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about a pumped storage hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>It is able to store electricity generated by other power sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a penstock in a diversion hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>To channel the flow of water to turbines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines when water is released from an impoundment hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>Changing electricity needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hydroelectric power plant does not always require a dam?

    <p>Diversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate purpose of a turbine in a hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>To produce electricity by activating a generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of pumped storage hydropower facilities?

    <p>To store excess energy during periods of low demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are hydropower plants classified based on their head?

    <p>Based on the difference in elevation between the reservoirs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of high-head sites in terms of development costs?

    <p>They are less expensive to develop due to smaller flow requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the capacity of a large hydropower facility?

    <p>More than 10 megawatts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical application of a small or micro hydroelectric power system?

    <p>Supplying electricity to a single home or farm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of a hydropower facility with a capacity of 50 kilowatts?

    <p>Micro hydropower</p> Signup and view all the answers

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