Hydropower and Renewable Energy

What is the primary objective of a hydro power scheme?

To generate electricity at the upper end of the scheme
To convert the potential energy of a mass of water into electric energy (correct)
To regulate water release through gates
To provide flood control and irrigation support

What is the function of a surge tank in a conventional hydropower plant?

To regulate water release through gates
To absorb any water surges caused in the penstock or pressure tunnel (correct)
To convert the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy
To increase the voltage of the generated electricity

What is the purpose of a transformer in a conventional hydropower plant?

To convert alternating current to a higher voltage (correct)
To regulate water release through gates
To generate electricity at the lower end of the scheme
To convert the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy

What is a benefit of hydropower outside of electricity generation?

Flood control and irrigation support (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of energy conversion in a hydropower plant?

Potential energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of hydropower as a form of energy?

It is a clean and cost-effective form of energy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Kaplan turbines?

Axial-flow reaction turbines with adjustable runner blades (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of propeller turbines?

Fixed runner blades and fixed guide-vanes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of turbine is used for low heads?

Kaplan turbine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of turbine is used for high heads?

Pelton turbine (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of turbine is derived from propeller and Kaplan turbines?

Bulb and tubular units (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the Francis turbine that distributes water around the entire perimeter of the runner?

Scroll casing (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Francis turbines?

Radial-flow reaction turbines with fixed runner blades and adjustable guide-vanes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of turbine is suitable for high-flow, low-head streams?

Cross-flow turbine (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which plane are the axes of the nozzles located in a Pelton turbine?

In the plane of the runner (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical head range for a Turgo turbine?

30-300 m (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the Turgo turbine's buckets?

They are shaped differently, with a 20° angle of incidence (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a advantages of the Turgo turbine's design?

Direct coupling of turbine and generator is more likely (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a dam in an impoundment hydroelectric power plant?

To store river water in a reservoir (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about a pumped storage hydroelectric power plant?

It is able to store electricity generated by other power sources (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a penstock in a diversion hydroelectric power plant?

To channel the flow of water to turbines (A) Signup and view all the answers

What determines when water is released from an impoundment hydroelectric power plant?

Changing electricity needs (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hydroelectric power plant does not always require a dam?

Diversion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate purpose of a turbine in a hydroelectric power plant?

To produce electricity by activating a generator (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of pumped storage hydropower facilities?

To store excess energy during periods of low demand (B) Signup and view all the answers

How are hydropower plants classified based on their head?

Based on the difference in elevation between the reservoirs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of high-head sites in terms of development costs?

They are less expensive to develop due to smaller flow requirements (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity of a large hydropower facility?

More than 10 megawatts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical application of a small or micro hydroelectric power system?

Supplying electricity to a single home or farm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of a hydropower facility with a capacity of 50 kilowatts?

Micro hydropower (B) Signup and view all the answers