Hydrolysis of Maltose and Cellobiose

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What is the primary function of hyaluronic acid in the body?

To regulate blood sugar levels

To aid in the digestion of proteins

To serve as a lubricant in joints and the eye (correct)

To provide energy to cells

What percentage of dietary energy in the US typically comes from sugars?

30%

40%

20% (correct)

10%

Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate?

Polysaccharide (correct)

Disaccharide

Amino acid

Monosaccharide

What is the term for how quickly carbohydrates are broken down to glucose in the body?

Glycemic effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the glycemic index (GI)?

To rate foods based on how quickly they raise blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What type of linkage is formed between the hemiacetal carbon atom and an -OH group in a disaccharide?

glycosidic linkage Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?

Simple carbohydrates are small molecules, while complex carbohydrates are large molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between cellobiose and maltose?

configuration of glucose units Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the breakdown of polysaccharide starch?

maltose Signup and view all the answers

Why can humans digest maltose but not cellobiose?

because humans have enzymes that can break α (1-4) linkages Signup and view all the answers

What is the common use of maltose?

in baby foods and malted milk Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of oxidizing both ends of a monosaccharide with strong oxidizing agents?

A polyhydroxy dicarboxylic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of maltose that makes it a reducing sugar?

it has a hemiacetal carbon atom Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the acetal formed from a cyclic monosaccharide?

Glycoside Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of enzymatic oxidation of the primary alcohol end of an aldose?

An alduronic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phosphate esters of monosaccharides?

Phosphate esters Signup and view all the answers

Which blood type can be transfused to anyone without causing a reaction?

Type O Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the bond formed between two monosaccharides?

Glycosidic bond Signup and view all the answers