18 Questions
What is the primary function of hyaluronic acid in the body?
To serve as a lubricant in joints and the eye
What percentage of dietary energy in the US typically comes from sugars?
20%
Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate?
Polysaccharide
What is the term for how quickly carbohydrates are broken down to glucose in the body?
Glycemic effect
What is the purpose of the glycemic index (GI)?
To rate foods based on how quickly they raise blood glucose levels
What type of linkage is formed between the hemiacetal carbon atom and an -OH group in a disaccharide?
glycosidic linkage
What is the main difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?
Simple carbohydrates are small molecules, while complex carbohydrates are large molecules
What is the difference between cellobiose and maltose?
configuration of glucose units
What is the result of the breakdown of polysaccharide starch?
maltose
Why can humans digest maltose but not cellobiose?
because humans have enzymes that can break α (1-4) linkages
What is the common use of maltose?
in baby foods and malted milk
What is the result of oxidizing both ends of a monosaccharide with strong oxidizing agents?
A polyhydroxy dicarboxylic acid
What is the characteristic of maltose that makes it a reducing sugar?
it has a hemiacetal carbon atom
What is the term for the acetal formed from a cyclic monosaccharide?
Glycoside
What is the result of enzymatic oxidation of the primary alcohol end of an aldose?
An alduronic acid
What is the term for the phosphate esters of monosaccharides?
Phosphate esters
Which blood type can be transfused to anyone without causing a reaction?
Type O
What is the term for the bond formed between two monosaccharides?
Glycosidic bond
Learn about the hydrolysis of polysaccharides, including the production of cellobiose and maltose, and the role of glycosidic linkages in these processes. Understand the structure and functions of these carbohydrates.
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