30 Questions
Which enzyme classification catalyzes redox reactions?
EC 1) Oxidoreductases
What is the definition of a redox reaction?
A reaction that involves the transfer of electrons
What is the role of FAD/FADH2 in the citric acid cycle?
FAD is reduced to make FADH2
What is the role of NAD+/NADH in the citric acid cycle?
NAD+ is reduced to make NADH
Which enzyme class is responsible for synthesizing molecules by catalyzing the transfer of a group from one molecule to another?
EC 2) Transferases
What mechanism is often used by transferases in their catalytic activity?
Nucleophilic substitution
What types of oxidoreductases remove H's and donate them to a molecule other than oxygen?
Dehydrogenases
Which of the following correctly identifies the nucleophile, electrophile, and leaving group in the formation of a disaccharide?
Nucleophile: Electrophile: Leaving group:
What makes an electrophile 'electron deficient'?
Lack of electrons
In DNA formation, what is the nucleophile, electrophile, and leaving group?
Nucleophile: Electrophile: Leaving group:
What is the nucleophile and electrophile in the formation of triglycerides?
Electrophile: Nucleophile:
What atom acts as the nucleophile in peptide bond formation?
Nitrogen
What is the leaving group in a reaction where nitrogen acts as the nucleophile?
Oxygen
What is the biomolecule UDP used as in transfer reactions?
Nucleotide
Which type of enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing ATP to release a phosphate group?
Hydrolase
What molecule is acting as a nucleophile in the hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by hydrolases?
Water
What type of reaction is depicted in the hydrolysis of di-acyl-glycerol?
Elimination
What is the enzyme class responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages?
Hydrolase
What type of lyase enzyme is responsible for the addition of water to a molecule?
Hydratase
What is removed in the elimination reaction catalyzed by dehydratases?
Water
What type of isomerase catalyzes the interconversion of groups around an asymmetric carbon in a molecule with more than one asymmetric carbon?
Mutase
Which enzyme class catalyzes reactions that join 2 molecules with the use of ATP for energy?
Ligases
What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in the citric acid cycle?
Aconitate hydratase
Which enzyme class catalyzes reactions involving the addition of water to a substrate?
Hydratases
What is the first step in the synthesis of glutathione, an important antioxidant in our bodies?
Joining of glutamate and cysteine
Which enzyme class catalyzes reactions involving the removal of a carboxyl group from a substrate?
Decarboxylases
What is the name of the enzyme class that catalyzes hydrolysis reactions?
Hydrolases
Which enzyme class catalyzes reactions involving the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another?
Transferases
What is the name of the enzyme class that catalyzes redox reactions?
Oxidoreductases
Which enzyme class catalyzes reactions involving the elimination of water from a substrate?
Dehydratases
Test your knowledge of hydrolases and their role in breaking apart molecules. Identify the molecule acting as a nucleophile in each reaction.
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