Hydraulic System and Pascal's Law

What is the underlying principle behind the working of a hydraulic system?

What is the relationship between the force felt by a piston and its cross-sectional area?

What is the main advantage of using a hydraulic system?

What is the minimum number of basic components in a hydraulic system?

What is the main difference between positive displacement pumps and non-positive displacement pumps?

What happens when the output port of a non-positive displacement pump is blocked off?

What is the purpose of a pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system?

What type of pumps are centrifugal and propeller pumps classified as?

What is the primary function of a directional valve in a hydraulic system?

What is the purpose of a filter in a hydraulic system?

Hydraulic System Principles

Hydraulic systems work on the principle of Pascal's law, which states that pressure in an enclosed fluid is uniform in all directions.
Pressure is the same in all directions, resulting in a smaller force on a smaller piston and a larger force on a larger piston.
This allows for the generation of a large force with a smaller input force.

Basic Components of Hydraulic Systems

Every hydraulic system has a minimum number of basic components, including:
- Pump
- Reservoir
- Directional valve
- Check valve
- Pressure relieve valve
- Selector valve
- Actuator
- Filter

Classification of Pumps

Pumps can be classified as either positive displacement or non-positive displacement.
Most hydraulic system pumps are positive displacement pumps.
Non-positive displacement pumps produce a continuous flow, but their output varies with pressure.
Examples of non-positive displacement pumps include centrifugal and propeller pumps.
In a non-positive displacement pump, if the output port is blocked, the pressure would rise, and the output would decrease to zero.

Positive Displacement Pumps

In a positive displacement pump, slippage is negligible compared to the pump's volumetric output flow.
If the output port of a positive displacement pump is blocked, the pressure would increase instantaneously to the point that the pump pressure relief valve opens.

This quiz is about the principle of Pascal's law and how it applies to hydraulic systems. It covers the concept of pressure in an enclosed fluid and how it relates to force and area of cross-section.