24 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action of phenytoin?
Inhibiting sodium influx, stabilizing cell membranes, and reducing repetitive neuronal firing
What is a common side effect of phenytoin that can be prevented with diligent oral hygiene?
Gingival hyperplasia
What is a contraindication for phenytoin therapy?
All of the above
What is a laboratory test that should be monitored in patients taking phenytoin?
All of the above
What is a critical instruction that should be given to patients taking phenytoin?
Take the medication at the same time daily
What is a potential long-term effect of phenytoin therapy?
Gingival hyperplasia
What is a serious side effect of phenytoin that requires immediate medical attention?
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
What is an important instruction for patients taking phenytoin who are planning to travel?
Plan for routine appointments and lab monitoring while traveling
Match the following side effects with the medication phenytoin:
Thrombocytopenia = Bleeding and bruising risk Leukopenia = Infection prevention Gingival hyperplasia = Diligent oral hygiene Stevens-Johnson Syndrome = Report changes in skin
Match the following symptoms with signs of phenytoin toxicity:
Increased sedation = Signs of toxicity Nystagmus = Signs of toxicity Tremors = Signs of toxicity Vision Changes = Signs of toxicity
Match the following cautions with patient conditions for phenytoin therapy:
Thyroid disease = Cautions Diabetes = Cautions Cardiac disease = Cautions Renal and liver disease = Cautions
Match the following symptoms with potential psychological effects of phenytoin:
Tinnitus = Mood and behavior changes Suicidal Ideation = Mood and behavior changes Ataxia = Mood and behavior changes Fatigue = Mood and behavior changes
Match the following instructions with patient teaching for phenytoin therapy:
Diligent oral hygiene (soft bristle toothbrush) = Patient Teaching Do not discontinue abruptly = Patient Teaching Monitor and report changes in BP and HR = Patient Teaching Medical Alert Bracelet = Patient Teaching
Match the following symptoms with their corresponding effects on the body due to phenytoin:
GI Upset = Body effect Urine Discoloration = Body effect BP/HR Changes = Body effect Liver/Renal impairment = Body effect
Match the following precautions with actions for patients taking phenytoin:
Avoid ETOH or other CNS depressants = Precautions Monitor for bleeding and bruising = Precautions Pregnancy prevention = Precautions Plan for travel to ensure you have enough medication = Precautions
Match the following surveillance tasks with recommendations for phenytoin therapy:
Monitor Serum values & CBC = Surveillance tasks Monitor for Toxicity = Surveillance tasks Anticipate lab monitoring, routine appointments and vitamin supplementation = Surveillance tasks Report changes in skin = Surveillance tasks
Match the following laboratory tests with their corresponding purposes in patients taking phenytoin:
Serum values = Monitor for toxicity CBC = Monitor for thrombocytopenia and leukopenia Liver function tests = Monitor for liver impairment Blood glucose readings = Monitor for hyperglycemia
Match the following patient instructions with their corresponding purposes in patients taking phenytoin:
Diligent oral hygiene = Prevent gingival hyperplasia Report mood and behavior changes = Monitor for suicidal ideation Avoid ETOH or other CNS depressants = Prevent increased sedation Report changes in skin = Monitor for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Match the following symptoms with their corresponding effects on the body due to phenytoin:
Dizziness = CNS depression Gingival hyperplasia = Oral health issue Tinnitus = Auditory system issue Ataxia = Neurological issue
Match the following patient groups with their corresponding cautions for phenytoin therapy:
Patients with thyroid disease = Monitor for thyroid function Patients with diabetes = Monitor for blood glucose readings Patients with cardiac disease = Monitor for cardiac issues Patients with liver and renal disease = Monitor for liver and renal impairment
Match the following patient teaching instructions with their corresponding purposes in patients taking phenytoin:
Take as directed at the same time daily = Maintain therapeutic levels Do not discontinue abruptly = Prevent withdrawal symptoms Report changes in BP and HR = Monitor for cardiovascular issues Wear a medical alert bracelet = Identify medication use
Match the following symptoms with their corresponding signs of phenytoin toxicity:
Increased sedation = CNS depression Nystagmus = Neurological issue Tremors = Neurological issue Vision changes = Visual disturbances
Match the following instructions with their corresponding purposes in patients taking phenytoin:
Plan for travel to ensure medication supply = Prevent medication interruptions Anticipate lab monitoring = Monitor for toxicity Routine appointments = Monitor for side effects Vitamin supplementation = Prevent nutritional deficiencies
Match the following symptoms with their corresponding potential complications of phenytoin therapy:
Thrombocytopenia = Bleeding disorders Leukopenia = Increased infection risk Liver impairment = Hepatotoxicity Hyperglycemia = Diabetic complications
Test your knowledge on hydantoin medications by reviewing their mechanisms of action, indications, and common side effects. This quiz covers the nursing process involving hydantoins, including monitoring for toxicity and identifying potential adverse reactions.
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