Ch 12
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Questions and Answers

When examining the eye, if the patients eyelid margins approximate completely, what does this assessment finding indicate?

  • May indicate a problem with extraocular muscles.
  • It is expected. (correct)
  • May result in problems with tearing.
  • Indicates increased intraocular pressure.

    • During ocular examinations, how is the movement of the extraocular muscles stimulated?

  • Impaired in a patient with cataracts.
  • Stimulated by cranial nerves (CNs) I and II.
  • Stimulated by CNs III, IV, and VI. (correct)
  • Decreased in the older adult.

    • When performing an external eye examination, which statement regarding the outer layer of the eye is true?

  • The outer layer of the eye is very sensitive to touch. (correct)
  • The trigeminal nerve (CN V) and the trochlear nerve (CN IV) are stimulated when the outer surface is touched.
  • The outer layer of the eye is darkly pigmented to prevent light from reflecting internally.
  • The outer layer of the eye is insensitive to external stimuli.

    • What is the function of the palpebral fissure in the eye?

    <p>It allows for vision by letting light enter the eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for decreased near vision abilities?

    <p>Presbyopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the eye has pigmentation to prevent internal light reflection?

    <p>Choroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes pupil dilation and eyelid elevation?

    <p>Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is stimulated when the outer eye surface is stimulated?

    <p>Trigeminal nerve (CN V)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines intraocular pressure?

    <p>Amount of aqueous produced and resistance to its outflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to pupillary constriction when looking at a near object?

    <p>Visual accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal constriction of pupils when bright light shines on the retina?

    <p>Pupillary light reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the retina change light waves into?

    <p>Nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What layer of the eye is touch-sensitive?

    <p>Cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the image formed on the retina being upside down and reversed from its actual appearance?

    <p>Nature of light refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age should infants establish binocularity and fixate simultaneously on a single image with both eyes?

    <p>3-4 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outer layer of the eye made up of?

    <p>Cornea and sclera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing the lacrimal apparatus, what are the normal findings?

    <p>Absence of drainage from the puncta when pressed against the inner orbital rim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the nurse assess the pupillary light reflex?

    <p>Shine a light across the pupil from the side and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a normal reflection when using an ophthalmoscope to examine a patient's pupils?

    <p>A red glow in the patient's pupils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can an infant fixate on an object?

    <p>2 to 4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should an infant be able to fixate and follow a bright light or toy?

    <p>1 month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is color vision tested in boys using the Ishihara test?

    <p>Once between the ages of 4 and 8 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is testing for strabismus done?

    <p>By performing the corneal light reflex test and the cover test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse consider when examining an 80-year-old patient?

    <p>Normal age-related changes such as presbyopia and reduced visual fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is normal findings for the accommodation response described?

    <p>Convergence of the axes of the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is ptosis observed?

    <p>By assessing the distance between the upper and lower eyelids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color should the optic disc be when examining a patient's retina with an ophthalmoscope?

    <p>Yellow-orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can an infant fixate on an object?

    <p>2 to 4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may periorbital edema indicate?

    <p>Systemic conditions such as heart failure, renal failure, allergy, and hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does assessing for shadows when light is directed across the iris indicate?

    <p>Acute angle-closure glaucoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anisocoria characterized by?

    <p>Pupils of unequal size and may indicate central nervous system disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may indicate signs of retinal detachment?

    <p>Shadows or diminished vision in one quadrant or one half of the visual field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a painful, red, and swollen pustule at the lid margin indicate?

    <p>Hordeolum (stye)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does loss of central vision but normal peripheral vision suggest?

    <p>Macular degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does corneal abrasion cause in reflected light?

    <p>Irregular ridges, producing a shattered appearance to light rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should pupillary constriction be in older adults?

    <p>Symmetric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is periorbital edema associated with blepharitis?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may unequal pupil size indicate?

    <p>Central nervous system disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may the presence of shadows in the anterior chamber be a sign of?

    <p>Acute angle-closure glaucoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for pupils of unequal size?

    <p>Anisocoria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct interpretation of 20/30 vision on the Snellen chart?

    <p>The patient can read at 20 feet what a person with normal vision can read at 30 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a visual acuity of 20/80 in each eye indicate?

    <p>Poor vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the reflection of light on the corneas indicate?

    <p>It should be symmetric, asymmetry requires further assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the Snellen alphabet chart used to assess visual acuity?

    <p>It is the most commonly used and accurate measure of visual acuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the top number in a visual acuity measurement indicate?

    <p>The distance the person is standing from the chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a diagnostic positions test assess?

    <p>Parallel movement of both eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected finding during an assessment of dark-skinned people's sclera?

    <p>Small brown macules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the nurse check for ptosis of one eye?

    <p>By observing the distance between the palpebral fissures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When may the acute onset of floaters occur?

    <p>With retinal detachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the denominator in a visual acuity measurement?

    <p>The distance at which a normal eye can see</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do if a patient is unable to read the largest letters on the Snellen chart?

    <p>Shorten the distance until the letters are seen and record that distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse use to assess the visual acuity of a 16-year-old patient?

    <p>The Snellen chart, positioned 20 feet away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of 20/30 vision on the Snellen chart?

    <p>The patient can read at 20 feet what a person with normal vision can read at 30 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the top number in a visual acuity measurement indicate?

    <p>The distance the person is standing from the chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a visual acuity of 20/80 in each eye indicate?

    <p>Poor vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of shortening the distance on the Snellen chart if a patient is unable to read the largest letters?

    <p>To record the distance at which the letters are seen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of asymmetric reflection of light on the corneas?

    <p>It requires further assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a normal finding for the diagnostic positions test?

    <p>Parallel movement of both eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be observed in the sclera of dark-skinned people as an expected finding during an assessment?

    <p>Small brown macules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the nurse check for ptosis of one eye?

    <p>By observing the distance between the palpebral fissures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might the acute onset of floaters indicate?

    <p>Retinal detachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Snellen chart used for?

    <p>Assessing visual acuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the denominator in a visual acuity measurement indicate?

    <p>The distance at which a normal eye can see</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the nurse use the Snellen chart to assess the visual acuity of a patient?

    <p>When the patient is 16 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Eye Assessment and Vision Testing

    • A 52-year-old patient reports occasional floaters or spots in his eyes, which are usually insignificant and caused by condensed vitreous fibers.
    • The nurse should use the Snellen chart, positioned 20 feet away, to assess the visual acuity of a 16-year-old patient.
    • A patient with 20/30 vision on the Snellen chart can read at 20 feet what a person with normal vision can read at 30 feet.
    • If a patient is unable to read even the largest letters on the Snellen chart, the nurse should shorten the distance until the letters are seen and record that distance.
    • A visual acuity of 20/80 in each eye indicates poor vision.
    • The reflection of light on the corneas should be symmetric, with asymmetry requiring further assessment.
    • Normal findings for the diagnostic positions test include parallel movement of both eyes.
    • In dark-skinned people, small brown macules may be observed in the sclera as an expected finding during an assessment.
    • The nurse should check for ptosis of one eye by observing the distance between the palpebral fissures.
    • Floaters or spots moving in front of the eyes can be normal, but the acute onset of floaters may occur with retinal detachment.
    • The Snellen alphabet chart is the most commonly used and most accurate measure of visual acuity.
    • The top number in a visual acuity measurement indicates the distance the person is standing from the chart, and the denominator gives the distance at which a normal eye can see.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of eye assessment and vision testing with this quiz covering topics such as visual acuity, Snellen chart, diagnostic positions test, and normal findings during eye assessments.

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