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Questions and Answers
What is the emphasis on in the United States with regards to decision making?
What is the emphasis on in the United States with regards to decision making?
- Family-based
- Patient autonomy (correct)
- Physician-based
- Shared physician- and family-based
What is the U.S. model of health care known to value?
What is the U.S. model of health care known to value?
- Autonomy in medical decision making (correct)
- Family-based decision making
- Shared physician- and family-based decision making
- Concealing serious diagnoses from patients
What is not uncommon for health care professionals outside the United States to do?
What is not uncommon for health care professionals outside the United States to do?
- Disclose serious diagnoses to patients
- Respect patients
- Be polite to patients
- Conceal serious diagnoses from patients (correct)
What is the attitude toward advance directives and end-of-life care among some cultures?
What is the attitude toward advance directives and end-of-life care among some cultures?
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What may be attributed to the U.S. model of health care?
What may be attributed to the U.S. model of health care?
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What may be contributing to lower rates of advance directive completion among certain ethnic backgrounds?
What may be contributing to lower rates of advance directive completion among certain ethnic backgrounds?
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Study Notes
- The U.S. model of health care, which values autonomy in medical decision making, is not easily applied to members of some racial or ethnic groups.
- Cultural factors strongly influence patients' reactions to serious illness and decisions about end-of-life care.
- Research has identified three basic dimensions in end-of-life treatment that vary culturally: communication of "bad news"; locus of decision making; and attitudes toward advance directives and end-of-life care.
- In contrast to the emphasis on "truth telling" in the United States, it is not uncommon for health care professionals outside the United States to conceal serious diagnoses from patients, because disclosure of serious illness may be viewed as disrespectful, impolite, or even harmful to the patient.
- Similarly, with regard to decision making, the U.S. emphasis on patient autonomy may contrast with preferences for more family-based, physician-based, or shared physician- and family-based decision making among some cultures.
- Lower rates of advance directive completion among patients of specific ethnic backgrounds, which may reflect distrust of the U.S. health care system, current health care disparities, cultural perspectives on death and suffering, and family dynamics, may be attributable to the U.S. model of health care.
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