Humerus and Shoulder Anatomy Quiz
41 Questions
4 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of osteoarthritis?

  • Gradual deterioration of articular cartilage (correct)
  • Chronic systemic inflammation
  • Frequent occurrence in women
  • Loss of joint space and bony deformities

Which statement accurately describes rheumatoid arthritis?

  • It predominantly affects men more than women.
  • It can lead to destruction of cortical bone. (correct)
  • It is classified as a non-inflammatory joint disease.
  • It is primarily linked to aging.

What is a necessary technical preparation for the patient prior to imaging for shoulder injuries?

  • Undress from waist up and ensure no artifacts on clothing. (correct)
  • Leave jewelry on for alignment purposes.
  • Sit in a supine position for comfort.
  • Wear a gown with snaps on the shoulder sleeve.

In imaging considerations for adults, what size image receptor is commonly used?

<p>10 x 12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shielding practice should be followed for all patients?

<p>Shield from the waist down. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flexing the elbow during a recumbent position?

<p>To reduce rotation of the arm (A), To utilize the horizontal beam effectively (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criteria is essential for a successful horizontal beam transthoracic lateral humerus trauma view?

<p>Unaffected limb raised overhead (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structures comprise the shoulder girdle?

<p>Clavicle and scapula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the orientation of the clavicle in females compared to males?

<p>Shorter and less curved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which border of the scapula runs along its longest edge near the vertebrae?

<p>Medial border (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct positioning of the epicondyles for a lateral humerus view?

<p>Epicondyles perpendicular to the IR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to include both joints when centering for a humerus X-ray?

<p>Center mid humerus and adjust the rotation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a mediolateral projection, what is the correct angle to the IR when positioning the patient?

<p>20-30 degrees oblique from PA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the elbow during a lateromedial view of the humerus?

<p>Elbow partially flexed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is vital to shield when performing a lateral mid and distal humerus trauma X-ray?

<p>Thorax and pelvis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal technique kVp range for average shoulder X-rays?

<p>70-80 kVp (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper positioning for an AP shoulder X-ray with external rotation?

<p>The upper extremity should be externally rotated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Grashey method for the posterior oblique view, how much should the patient be rotated?

<p>35-45 degrees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an apical oblique axial view, what is the CR angle relative to the shoulder joint?

<p>45° caudal angle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is visualized in the scapular 'Y' view of the shoulder?

<p>Lateral view to rule out dislocations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a criterion for an optimal scapular 'Y' view?

<p>Proper visualization of the humeral head and scapula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the CR be directed for an AP shoulder X-ray with external rotation?

<p>1” inferior to the coracoid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be visualized in the posterior oblique (Grashey) method?

<p>Glenoid cavity profiled (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What criteria should be met for the Inferiosuperior Axial view using the Lawrence Method?

<p>No superimposition of the opposite shoulder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which positioning method is used in the Clements Modification of the Inferiosuperior Axial view?

<p>Patient lateral recumbent with adducted side up (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of angling the tube 5-15° toward the axilla in the Clements Modification?

<p>To accommodate for less than 90° abduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Superioinferior axillary projection, what effect does a 5-10 degree angle toward the distal humerus have?

<p>Increases object image distance (OID) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What alignment is crucial in achieving optimal visualization of the supraspinatus outlet in the Neer Method?

<p>Abduct arm slightly to reduce humerus superimposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is best demonstrated on the AP with External rotation projection?

<p>Bankart’s Lesion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which projections are specifically performed to rule out osteophyte formation in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?

<p>Routine AP with Internal and External rotation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What positioning adjustment helps reduce superimposition of the humerus during the Neer Method?

<p>Abducting the patient's arm slightly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the thickest part of the scapula known as?

<p>Lateral Angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shoulder joint movement allows for circumduction?

<p>Scapulohumeral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the joints of the shoulder girdle?

<p>Synovial joints with a fibrous capsule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle of the rotator cuff originates above the spine of the scapula?

<p>Supraspinatus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the subscapularis muscle?

<p>Depresses the head of the humerus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which posterior rib does the lower margin of the scapula typically align?

<p>Seventh rib (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is primarily associated with the sternoclavicular joint?

<p>Gliding motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the posterior surface of the scapula divided into?

<p>Supraspinous and Infraspinous fossae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used for the thick beak-like process that projects anteriorly beneath the clavicle?

<p>Coracoid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the AP projection of the shoulder with external rotation, what should be parallel to the image receptor?

<p>Epicondyles of the elbow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Humerus X-ray Positioning

Different positions (erect/supine, lateromedial/mediolateral) for optimal humerus imaging, emphasizing complete humerus, tubercles, and epicondyles.

Lateromedial Humerus

X-ray position with patient erect, back to IR, elbow partially flexed, arm internally rotated, and epicondyles perpendicular to IR.

Mediolateral Humerus

X-ray position with patient facing IR, oblique 20-30 degrees from PA, elbow flexed 90 degrees, bringing humerus close to IR.

Humerus Trauma Imaging

X-ray technique for humerus fractures, emphasizing complete humerus, lesser tubercle, and superimposed epicondyles using horizontal beam and shielding.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Erect/Supine Positioning

Positioning options for humerus radiographs, allowing for optimal visualization and including both joints.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Recumbent Humerus X-ray

A method for taking humerus x-rays in a horizontal position, focusing on the mid and distal humerus. The elbow is often bent, and the arm is not rotated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transthoracic Lateral Humerus

A radiographic view of the whole humerus, specifically lateral, where the arm is raised above the head, not rotated, and CR goes to the mid-humerus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Shoulder Girdle Anatomy

The shoulder girdle connects the upper limb to the body's main axis. It's made of the clavicle and scapula.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Clavicle Characteristics

The clavicle is a long bone, connecting the upper limb with the sternum. Female clavicles are often shorter and less curved than male ones.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Shoulder X-ray Criteria

A radiographic analysis of the shoulder requires a specific view (90º) angle, clear visualization of the humerus' shaft, and proper positioning (midpoint CR) for correct data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Osteoarthritis Definition

A non-inflammatory joint disease causing cartilage deterioration, often associated with aging.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A chronic systemic disease causing inflammatory changes in connective tissues throughout the body, more common in women.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Subacromial Bursitis Visualization

A condition that can be demonstrated by viewing for 'spurs' (osteophytes) extending from the acromial surface.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Patient Prep for X-ray

Patient should undress from waist up, wear a gown with a back opening, avoid artifacts like jewelry and clothing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

X-Ray Image Receptor Size

For most adults, a 10x12 image receptor is used horizontally.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lateral Angle of Scapula

Thickest part of the scapula, ending at the glenoid cavity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Costal Surface of Scapula

Anterior surface close to the ribs, contains large subscapular fossa.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Infraspinous Fossa

Posterior surface of scapula below the spine, muscle attachment area

Signup and view all the flashcards

Supraspinous Fossa

Posterior surface of scapula above the spine, muscle attachment area

Signup and view all the flashcards

Acromion

Expanded distal end of scapular spine, extending superiorly and posteriorly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Coracoid Process

Beak-like projection, anterior to glenoid cavity, under clavicle

Signup and view all the flashcards

Scapulo-humeral Joint

Ball-and-socket, allows wide range of arm motion

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sternoclavicular Joint

Plane (gliding) joint between sternum and clavicle, limited movement

Signup and view all the flashcards

Acromioclavicular Joint

Plane (gliding) joint between scapular acromion and clavicle, limited movement and some secondary rotation

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis; stabilize the humerus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Average kVp for Shoulder X-ray

The typical kilovoltage peak (kVp) used in shoulder radiography is between 70-80 kVp.

Signup and view all the flashcards

AP External Rotation Shoulder

An X-ray view of the shoulder where the patient is positioned in the anterior-posterior (AP) position, and the arm is rotated externally, with the long axis of the humerus perpendicular to the image receptor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Posterior Oblique (Grashey) Shoulder

An oblique projection of the shoulder focused on the glenoid cavity, where the patient is positioned 35-45 degrees toward the affected side.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Apical Oblique Axial (Garth) Shoulder

A shoulder view focusing on humeral head, glenoid, and subacromial space.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Scapular "Y" View Purpose

An X-ray used to rule out anterior or posterior shoulder dislocations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Shoulder X-ray Criteria

Key factors for evaluating correct shoulder X-ray image quality including placement and positioning for accurate visualization.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Recumbent Shoulder X-ray

Shoulder X-ray taken with the patient lying down, when upright positioning is not possible

Signup and view all the flashcards

Positioning for Shoulder Trauma

In the case of trauma, the PA scapular Y view can often be performed in the supine position to minimize discomfort and movement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lateral Shoulder X-ray

A side view X-ray of the shoulder joint, focusing on the proximal humerus and scapulo-humeral joint.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferiosuperior Axial (Lawrence)

A specific shoulder X-ray technique where the patient is supine, and the affected arm is abducted and externally rotated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Clements Modification

Modification of the Inferiosuperior Axial technique, placing the patient in a lateral recumbent position, affected side up.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Superioinferior Axillary View

Shoulder X-ray technique with the patient seated to reduce magnification, angled towards the distal humerus, often used in orthopedics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tangential Projection

Shoulder X-ray technique, often focusing on the supraspinatus outlet, where the patient (erect/recumbent) is positioned similar to a routine PA scapular ‘Y’ view.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bankart Lesion

A shoulder injury often best viewed on an AP external rotation X-ray.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hill-Sachs Defect

A bone defect on the posterior humeral head.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A condition involving compression of blood vessels and nerves in the shoulder and neck.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Humerus and Shoulder Anatomy

  • The humerus is the longest bone in the upper extremity.
  • Articulates with the scapula.
  • Head: Most proximal part.
  • Anatomical neck: Slightly constricted area below and lateral to the head.
  • Lesser tubercle: Process below the anatomical neck, anterior surface.
  • Greater tubercle: Larger, lateral process, where pectoralis major and supraspinatus muscles attach.
  • Surgical neck: Tapered area below the head and tubercles.
  • Intertubular groove (bicipital groove): Deep groove between tubercles.
  • Body (shaft): Below the surgical neck.

Humerus Technical Considerations

  • Pt. prep: Check for jewelry and adjust attire.
  • Image receptor: 14x17 for adults; grid often used in adults, can be done without in pediatric patients.
  • Shielding: Use appropriate shielding from waist down. Larger shields use if lying on table.

Humerus Positioning

  • AP: Patient erect or supine, extend arm, abduct slightly so epicondyles equal distance from IR, center mid-humerus, include both joints.
  • Lateral: Patient erect or supine, lateromedial vs. mediolateral, epicondyles perpendicular to IR, center at midpoint to include both joints, elbow partially flexed, rotated toward affected side as needed.
  • Optimal exposure factors: Key factors and criteria for each view to ensure proper imaging and visualization of structures.

Pathologies and Clinical Indications

  • Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae (fluid-filled sacs).
  • Tendonitis: Inflammatory condition of tendon (strain).
  • Radiculopathy: Condition due to compressed nerves in the spine.
  • Hill-Sachs defect: Deformity of superior and posterior border of humeral head, typically result of impaction during dislocation.
  • Bankart lesion: Associated with shoulder dislocations and labrum tear at the inferior glenoid, and seen as a defect.

Additional Considerations

  • Pregnancy: Always clear female patients for pregnancy and Note LMP.
  • Adjusting for patient reasons for needing images.
  • Technical factors: kVp range (80-85 for digital systems), use center cell if AEC is used, close collimation, correct marker placement, suspend breathing.
  • Patient positioning: Proper positioning for obtaining clear images of the humerus and surrounding structures.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Humerus and Shoulder Anatomy & Positioning (PDF)

Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the humerus and shoulder. This quiz covers the structure, technical considerations, and positioning of the humerus, including important terms like tubercles and the surgical neck. Perfect for students in anatomy or medical imaging fields.

More Like This

Scapula, Clavicle, and Humerus Anatomy Quiz
16 questions

Quiz d'anatomie sur la scapula

CourtlyLapisLazuli avatar
CourtlyLapisLazuli
Shoulder and Humerus Anatomy
10 questions

Shoulder and Humerus Anatomy

TrustedPythagoras avatar
TrustedPythagoras
Osteology of the Humerus and Scapula
40 questions

Osteology of the Humerus and Scapula

LargeCapacitySyntax avatar
LargeCapacitySyntax
Humerus and Scapula Anatomy Quiz
16 questions

Humerus and Scapula Anatomy Quiz

EngrossingClover8870 avatar
EngrossingClover8870
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser