Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of osteoarthritis?
What is the primary characteristic of osteoarthritis?
Which statement accurately describes rheumatoid arthritis?
Which statement accurately describes rheumatoid arthritis?
What is a necessary technical preparation for the patient prior to imaging for shoulder injuries?
What is a necessary technical preparation for the patient prior to imaging for shoulder injuries?
In imaging considerations for adults, what size image receptor is commonly used?
In imaging considerations for adults, what size image receptor is commonly used?
Signup and view all the answers
What shielding practice should be followed for all patients?
What shielding practice should be followed for all patients?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of flexing the elbow during a recumbent position?
What is the purpose of flexing the elbow during a recumbent position?
Signup and view all the answers
Which criteria is essential for a successful horizontal beam transthoracic lateral humerus trauma view?
Which criteria is essential for a successful horizontal beam transthoracic lateral humerus trauma view?
Signup and view all the answers
What anatomical structures comprise the shoulder girdle?
What anatomical structures comprise the shoulder girdle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes the orientation of the clavicle in females compared to males?
Which of the following describes the orientation of the clavicle in females compared to males?
Signup and view all the answers
Which border of the scapula runs along its longest edge near the vertebrae?
Which border of the scapula runs along its longest edge near the vertebrae?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the correct positioning of the epicondyles for a lateral humerus view?
What is the correct positioning of the epicondyles for a lateral humerus view?
Signup and view all the answers
What is necessary to include both joints when centering for a humerus X-ray?
What is necessary to include both joints when centering for a humerus X-ray?
Signup and view all the answers
In a mediolateral projection, what is the correct angle to the IR when positioning the patient?
In a mediolateral projection, what is the correct angle to the IR when positioning the patient?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be done to the elbow during a lateromedial view of the humerus?
What should be done to the elbow during a lateromedial view of the humerus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is vital to shield when performing a lateral mid and distal humerus trauma X-ray?
What is vital to shield when performing a lateral mid and distal humerus trauma X-ray?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the optimal technique kVp range for average shoulder X-rays?
What is the optimal technique kVp range for average shoulder X-rays?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the proper positioning for an AP shoulder X-ray with external rotation?
What is the proper positioning for an AP shoulder X-ray with external rotation?
Signup and view all the answers
In the Grashey method for the posterior oblique view, how much should the patient be rotated?
In the Grashey method for the posterior oblique view, how much should the patient be rotated?
Signup and view all the answers
In an apical oblique axial view, what is the CR angle relative to the shoulder joint?
In an apical oblique axial view, what is the CR angle relative to the shoulder joint?
Signup and view all the answers
What is visualized in the scapular 'Y' view of the shoulder?
What is visualized in the scapular 'Y' view of the shoulder?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a criterion for an optimal scapular 'Y' view?
Which of the following is a criterion for an optimal scapular 'Y' view?
Signup and view all the answers
Where should the CR be directed for an AP shoulder X-ray with external rotation?
Where should the CR be directed for an AP shoulder X-ray with external rotation?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be visualized in the posterior oblique (Grashey) method?
What should be visualized in the posterior oblique (Grashey) method?
Signup and view all the answers
What criteria should be met for the Inferiosuperior Axial view using the Lawrence Method?
What criteria should be met for the Inferiosuperior Axial view using the Lawrence Method?
Signup and view all the answers
Which positioning method is used in the Clements Modification of the Inferiosuperior Axial view?
Which positioning method is used in the Clements Modification of the Inferiosuperior Axial view?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of angling the tube 5-15° toward the axilla in the Clements Modification?
What is the purpose of angling the tube 5-15° toward the axilla in the Clements Modification?
Signup and view all the answers
In the Superioinferior axillary projection, what effect does a 5-10 degree angle toward the distal humerus have?
In the Superioinferior axillary projection, what effect does a 5-10 degree angle toward the distal humerus have?
Signup and view all the answers
What alignment is crucial in achieving optimal visualization of the supraspinatus outlet in the Neer Method?
What alignment is crucial in achieving optimal visualization of the supraspinatus outlet in the Neer Method?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is best demonstrated on the AP with External rotation projection?
Which condition is best demonstrated on the AP with External rotation projection?
Signup and view all the answers
Which projections are specifically performed to rule out osteophyte formation in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
Which projections are specifically performed to rule out osteophyte formation in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
Signup and view all the answers
What positioning adjustment helps reduce superimposition of the humerus during the Neer Method?
What positioning adjustment helps reduce superimposition of the humerus during the Neer Method?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the thickest part of the scapula known as?
What is the thickest part of the scapula known as?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of shoulder joint movement allows for circumduction?
Which type of shoulder joint movement allows for circumduction?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes the joints of the shoulder girdle?
What characterizes the joints of the shoulder girdle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle of the rotator cuff originates above the spine of the scapula?
Which muscle of the rotator cuff originates above the spine of the scapula?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the subscapularis muscle?
What is the function of the subscapularis muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
At which posterior rib does the lower margin of the scapula typically align?
At which posterior rib does the lower margin of the scapula typically align?
Signup and view all the answers
Which movement is primarily associated with the sternoclavicular joint?
Which movement is primarily associated with the sternoclavicular joint?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the posterior surface of the scapula divided into?
What is the posterior surface of the scapula divided into?
Signup and view all the answers
What term is used for the thick beak-like process that projects anteriorly beneath the clavicle?
What term is used for the thick beak-like process that projects anteriorly beneath the clavicle?
Signup and view all the answers
During the AP projection of the shoulder with external rotation, what should be parallel to the image receptor?
During the AP projection of the shoulder with external rotation, what should be parallel to the image receptor?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Humerus and Shoulder Anatomy
- The humerus is the longest bone in the upper extremity.
- Articulates with the scapula.
- Head: Most proximal part.
- Anatomical neck: Slightly constricted area below and lateral to the head.
- Lesser tubercle: Process below the anatomical neck, anterior surface.
- Greater tubercle: Larger, lateral process, where pectoralis major and supraspinatus muscles attach.
- Surgical neck: Tapered area below the head and tubercles.
- Intertubular groove (bicipital groove): Deep groove between tubercles.
- Body (shaft): Below the surgical neck.
Humerus Technical Considerations
- Pt. prep: Check for jewelry and adjust attire.
- Image receptor: 14x17 for adults; grid often used in adults, can be done without in pediatric patients.
- Shielding: Use appropriate shielding from waist down. Larger shields use if lying on table.
Humerus Positioning
- AP: Patient erect or supine, extend arm, abduct slightly so epicondyles equal distance from IR, center mid-humerus, include both joints.
- Lateral: Patient erect or supine, lateromedial vs. mediolateral, epicondyles perpendicular to IR, center at midpoint to include both joints, elbow partially flexed, rotated toward affected side as needed.
- Optimal exposure factors: Key factors and criteria for each view to ensure proper imaging and visualization of structures.
Pathologies and Clinical Indications
- Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae (fluid-filled sacs).
- Tendonitis: Inflammatory condition of tendon (strain).
- Radiculopathy: Condition due to compressed nerves in the spine.
- Hill-Sachs defect: Deformity of superior and posterior border of humeral head, typically result of impaction during dislocation.
- Bankart lesion: Associated with shoulder dislocations and labrum tear at the inferior glenoid, and seen as a defect.
Additional Considerations
- Pregnancy: Always clear female patients for pregnancy and Note LMP.
- Adjusting for patient reasons for needing images.
- Technical factors: kVp range (80-85 for digital systems), use center cell if AEC is used, close collimation, correct marker placement, suspend breathing.
- Patient positioning: Proper positioning for obtaining clear images of the humerus and surrounding structures.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the humerus and shoulder. This quiz covers the structure, technical considerations, and positioning of the humerus, including important terms like tubercles and the surgical neck. Perfect for students in anatomy or medical imaging fields.
