Humanization Process and Indigenous Societies

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Questions and Answers

What are the five aspects of the humanization process?

Political Centralization, Market Exchange, Industrial Mass Production

Sedentary Lifeways, Animal Domestication, Politicization, Commercialization

Symbolization, Materialization, Verbalization, Socialization, Enculturation (correct)

Genocide, Ethnocide, Ecocide

Prior to the 1700s, Indigenous peoples were a majority group.

True (A)

What types of societies have primarily been negatively impacted by commercialization?

Small-scale societies

The process of humanization involves producing abstract concepts, which is known as ______.

symbolization Signup and view all the answers

Match the historical periods with their corresponding developments:

13000 BC = Sedentary lifeways, emergence of village life 10000 BC = Animal domestication, emergence of gardening, farming, and herding 4000 BC = Politicization, emergence of politically organized large-scale societies AD 1500 = Commercialization, emergence of commercially organized global-scale societies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the commercialization process for small-scale societies?

Increased economic equality (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three forms of large-scale societal organization?

Political centralization, market exchange, industrial mass production Signup and view all the answers

Indigenous peoples have always passively accepted the loss of their autonomy.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Voluntary isolation is a common strategy indigenous groups have successfully used to avoid conquest.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are two major consequences of debt peonage for indigenous communities?

Debt peonage leads to financial dependence on traders, causing indigenous people to be exploited and lose control over their resources. It also disrupts traditional economic systems and hinders indigenous communities' ability to sustain themselves. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a justification used for conducting punitive raids against indigenous peoples?

To promote indigenous cultural autonomy (D) Signup and view all the answers

The use of overwhelming military force to intimidate or punish indigenous groups is known as ______.

punitive raids Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Voluntary Isolation = Groups trying to remain independent and avoid contact with conquesting groups Debt Peonage = Traders advance credit for overpriced goods in exchange for undervalues local goods Dispossession = Removal of indigenous people from their land Punitive Raids = Acts of intimidation or punishment to enforce government control Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way militarization occurs?

Indigenous peoples' use of guerilla warfare tactics against firearms. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Conquest and colonization are interchangeable terms that mean the same thing.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is ethnocide and how does it relate to the concept of colonization?

Ethnocide is the deliberate attempt to eradicate a people's culture and way of life. It often occurs as a consequence of colonization, where dominant powers seek to impose their own culture and ways of life on the colonized people. Signup and view all the answers

The Zapatista Revolution is considered a modern example of a society fighting ______ an indigenous group.

for Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their definitions:

Conquest = The deliberate attempt to eradicate a people's culture or way of life. Ethnocentrism = A process where a centralized power system dominates surrounding land and its resources. Colonization = The takeover and colonization by commercially organized societies. Ethnocide = Belief in the superiority of one's own race or culture, evaluating others based on one's own standards. Signup and view all the answers

The 'culture of consumption' promotes the idea that consumption should be constantly expanded, even for materials designed to help us reduce consumption.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ideologies is associated with the 'culture of consumption'?

Social stratification based on financial and material wealth (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which previously unowned natural resources become the property of a person, group, or institution?

Resource appropriation Signup and view all the answers

The principle of ______ is often used to justify harsh programs of Indigenous acculturation.

wardship Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

Acculturation = The process of cultural modification through adaptation or borrowing from another culture Ethnocide = The intentional destruction of a culture Resource appropriation = The acquisition of previously unowned natural resources Wardship = A relationship where a guardian assumes responsibility for a ward, often involving control and decision-making Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the 'culture of consumption' on Indigenous communities?

Preservation of traditional Indigenous cultures (B) Signup and view all the answers

Indigenous cultures are sometimes viewed as failures by dominant cultures to justify resource extraction.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the 'culture of consumption' as it applies to Indigenous communities?

To control and exploit resources for the benefit of the national economy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes