Questions and Answers
Who is Pablo Neruda?
One of Latin America's most prolific Spanish-language poets and a Chilean poet known for his radical populist ideology.
The movement centered in Harlem between 1920 and 1940 that sought racial equality was called __________ ____________.
Harlem Renaissance
What does Pablo Neruda's poem 'United Fruit Co.' describe?
The corruption of justice and freedom in the 'banana republics' of Latin America and critiques U.S. policies.
Who was Zora Neale Hurston?
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What are two of Richard Wright's famous works?
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What is the significance of Harper Lee's novel, 'Their Eyes Were Watching God'?
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Langston Hughes was known for his contributions to the Harlem Renaissance.
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What type of activism did Martin Luther King Jr. champion?
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What does the term 'civil disobedience' refer to?
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Malcolm X was more commonly known as __________.
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What is the blues aesthetic?
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Who was Jacob Lawrence?
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What type of art movement did Spike Lee contribute to?
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What does jazz primarily emphasize?
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What is the title of a notable artwork by Jean-Michel Basquiat?
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Study Notes
Pablo Neruda
- A prominent Chilean poet recognized as one of Latin America's most prolific Spanish-language poets.
- His poetry incorporates violent, surrealist images and supports a radical, populist ideology.
Harlem Renaissance
- The Harlem Renaissance (1920-1940) was marked by a surge in African-American creative expressions, including literature and the arts, advocating for racial equality and self-identity.
- Centered in Harlem, New York, it featured influential poets, painters, musicians, and dancers actively shaping the movement.
United Fruit Co.
- Pablo Neruda critiques the corruption of justice in Latin America's "banana republics."
- His poem presents a mock Last Judgement, expressing outrage over U.S. policies exploiting these nations.
Zora Neale Hurston
- A key figure in the Harlem Renaissance, she was a writer, folklorist, and anthropologist.
- Noted for using African-American dialect to create strong female characters in early 20th-century fiction.
- Her famous novel, "Their Eyes Were Watching God," is celebrated as a classic of Black literature.
Langston Hughes
- A contemporary of Zora Neale Hurston, Hughes was a leading voice of the Harlem Renaissance.
- He became the first African American to sustain himself as a professional writer, contributing to various artistic mediums.
- His notable works include "Theme for English B" and "Harlem," encapsulating the vibrant essence of the Black experience.
Civil Disobedience
- Defined as nonviolent public refusal to obey unjust laws, exemplified by boycotts, peaceful sit-ins, and protest marches.
Martin Luther King Jr.
- A prominent civil rights leader who emphasized peaceful protest, inspired by Gandhi's teachings.
- Served as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, motivating all African Americans in the fight for civil rights.
Richard Wright
- Born on a Mississippi cotton plantation, Wright moved to New York in 1937 and developed a voice capturing the anger and injustices faced by Black Americans.
- Known for his works "Native Son" and "The Ethics of Living Jim Crow," he examined identity struggles and systemic racism.
Malcolm X
- Real name Malcolm Little, he was a significant African American figure who experienced the harsh realities of racism and advocated for Black empowerment.
Apartheid
- Refers to strict legal racial segregation in South Africa until 1994, characterized by systemic oppression faced by the Black population.
Toni Morrison
- Regarded as one of the finest writers of the 20th century, her novels delve into themes of slavery and its enduring impacts on African American life.
- Morrison made history as the first Black woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993.
The Blues
- Originated as a vocal genre rooted in African traditions, expressing sorrow and resilience, often tied to the experiences of slaves.
- Characterized by emotive themes of loneliness and longing for liberation from oppression.
Jazz
- An art form prioritizing performance over composition, heavily influenced by African and Caribbean rhythms.
- Evolved by blending various musical styles like blues and ragtime, creating a unique sound filled with improvisation.
Jazz Aesthetic
- Features vibrant colors and rhythmic compositions, exemplified in works like the "Empress of the Blues."
Jacob Lawrence
- An artist whose work documented African American history, notably through his series "The Migration of the Negro," illustrating the northward movement of Black Americans after World War I.
Beyte Saar
- Created the mixed media sculpture "The Liberation of Aunt Jemima," challenging stereotypes of African American women by depicting them as empowered figures.
Spike Lee
- The first African American filmmaker to gain major Hollywood recognition, creatively exploring themes of race and social conflict.
- His innovative camera techniques and storytelling influenced a new generation of Black filmmakers, including John Singleton and Julie Dash.
Improvisation
- A hallmark of jazz that distinguishes it from other musical forms, involving spontaneous composition during performance.
Satchmo (Louis Armstrong)
- A legendary jazz musician known for his vocal talents and lively personality, significantly contributing to the global appreciation of jazz music.
Hip-Hop
- An emergent performance style in the 1970s characterized by spontaneous expression, mixing loud music with poetry and dance, reflecting the vitality and struggles of urban life.
Bepop
- A jazz style marked by complex rhythms and progressions, with "cool" jazz presenting a more subdued approach.
Jean-Michel Basquiat
- An artist connecting the improvisational style of jazz with edgy street art and graffiti, reflecting the emotions of urban youth through his work, such as "Horn Players."
Horn Players
- A notable artwork by Basquiat featuring motifs that foreshadowed his untimely death, addressing themes of mortality and cultural identity.
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Description
This quiz covers key terms and definitions from Chapter 36 of the Humanities course. It focuses on influential figures and movements in Latin American and African American literature, such as Pablo Neruda and the Harlem Renaissance. Test your knowledge and understanding of these important cultural themes.
