Human Visual System and Eye Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the component that contains a muscular part shaping the lens during accommodation?

  • Ciliary body (correct)
  • Pupil
  • Cornea
  • Aqueous humor

In which type of vision does the image of an object focus on the retina?

  • Astigmatism
  • Myopia
  • Hyperopia
  • Emmetropia (correct)

What is the phenomenon where the pupil reduces the size of the hole through which light passes, preventing unfocused light from falling onto the retina?

  • Accommodation
  • Myopia
  • Astigmatism
  • Pinhole effect (correct)

Where is the center of macula lutea, where visual acuity is highest?

<p>Fovea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of refractive error causes nearsightedness where the image of an object falls in front of the retina?

<p>Myopia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rods and cones in the visual field?

<p>Converting photons into electrical signals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the bipolar cells and horizontal cells located in the visual field?

<p>Outer plexiform layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of amacrine cells in the visual field?

<p>Modulating neurotransmitter release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the axons of retinal ganglion cells exit the eye?

<p>Optic tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of transduction in the visual field?

<p>Hyperpolarization of the membrane potential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the overlap of the left and right visual fields in the visual system?

<p>Binocular depth perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the retinal ganglion cells in the visual system?

<p>End cells in inner plexiform layer; their axons exit the eye as the optic tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of transduction in the visual system.

<p>Conversion of photons into electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the image on the retina to be inverted in the visual system?

<p>Cornea and lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific function of amacrine cells in the visual system?

<p>Cell bodies in inner nuclear layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the optic disk or physiological 'blind spot' (scotoma) in the visual system?

<p>It is where the ganglion cell axons leave the eye and become the optic nerve; no photoreceptors are present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the phenomenon of emmetropia in the context of vision.

<p>Emmetropia refers to normal vision, where the image of an object focuses precisely on the retina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the visual system, what causes distorted or blurred vision in the context of astigmatism?

<p>Defect in the curvature of the lens or cornea leads to distorted or blurred vision in astigmatism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the macula lutea, specifically the center known as the fovea?

<p>The center of the macula lutea, known as the fovea, is where visual acuity is highest due to the concentration of cone cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the path of light as it travels through the eye, starting from the cornea.

<p>The path of light in the eye is from the cornea to the anterior chamber (containing aqueous humor), then through the pupil, lens, vitreous humor, and finally to the fovea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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