Human Tissue Types

Forms the lining of organs, glands, and body surfaces
Functions:
- Protection and barrier function
- Absorption and secretion
- Sensation and filtration
Types:
- Squamous (flat, plate-like cells)
- Cuboidal (cube-shaped cells)
- Columnar (tall, column-like cells)
- Transitional (specialized cells that can stretch)
Locations:
- Skin and mucous membranes
- Glands and organs
- Lining of blood vessels and body cavities

Supports and connects body organs and tissues
Functions:
- Providing structure and support
- Connecting and binding organs
- Storing energy reserves
- Protecting body organs
Types:
- Loose connective tissue (areolar tissue)
- Dense connective tissue (tendons and ligaments)
- Cartilage
- Bone
- Adipose tissue (fat)
Locations:
- Skin and subcutaneous tissue
- Bones and joints
- Organs and glands
- Blood vessels and nerves

Responsible for movement and contraction
Functions:
- Movement and locomotion
- Maintaining posture and balance
- Regulating body temperature
- Supporting respiratory and circulatory functions
Types:
- Skeletal muscle (voluntary, striated)
- Smooth muscle (involuntary, non-striated)
- Cardiac muscle (involuntary, striated)
Locations:
- Skeletal muscles: attached to bones and skin
- Smooth muscle: in walls of hollow organs and blood vessels
- Cardiac muscle: heart

Responsible for transmitting and processing information
Functions:
- Receiving and transmitting sensory information
- Integrating and processing information
- Controlling muscle and gland function
Types:
- Neurons (nerve cells)
- Neuroglial cells (supporting cells)
Locations:
- Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
- Peripheral nervous system (nerves and ganglia)

Specialized connective tissue for energy storage
Functions:
- Energy storage and release
- Insulation and thermoregulation
- Cushioning and support
Locations:
- Subcutaneous layer (beneath the skin)
- Around organs and glands
- In bone marrow and yellow bone marrow

Forms the lining of organs, glands, and body surfaces, providing protection and barrier function
Enables absorption and secretion in glands and organs
Facilitates sensation and filtration in sensory organs and kidneys
Consists of squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and transitional cells
Found in skin and mucous membranes, glands and organs, and lining of blood vessels and body cavities

Provides structure and support to body organs and tissues
Connects and binds organs, storing energy reserves and protecting body organs
Classified into loose, dense, cartilage, bone, and adipose tissue
Supports skin and subcutaneous tissue, bones and joints, organs and glands, and blood vessels and nerves

Enables movement and contraction, maintaining posture and balance
Regulates body temperature and supports respiratory and circulatory functions
Comprises skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle types
Found in skeletal muscles attached to bones and skin, smooth muscle in walls of hollow organs and blood vessels, and cardiac muscle in the heart

Transmits and processes information, receiving and transmitting sensory information
Integrates and processes information, controlling muscle and gland function
Consists of neurons and neuroglial cells
Found in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves and ganglia)

Specialized connective tissue for energy storage, releasing energy as needed
Provides insulation and thermoregulation, cushioning and support
Located in the subcutaneous layer, around organs and glands, and in bone marrow and yellow bone marrow

Lines organs, glands, and body surfaces
Functions: protection, absorption, regulation, and sensing
Four types: squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), columnar (column-shaped), and transitional (stretchy)

Provides support, structure, and connectivity to the body
Functions: binding, protection, energy storage, and transport of nutrients and waste
Five types: loose connective tissue (areolar, adipose), dense connective tissue (tendons, ligaments), cartilage, bone, and blood

Responsible for movement and contraction
Functions: movement, posture, and temperature regulation
Three types: skeletal muscle (voluntary, striated), smooth muscle (involuntary, non-striated), and cardiac muscle (involuntary, striated)

Responsible for transmitting and processing information
Functions: receiving and transmitting stimuli, integrating and processing information
Two types: neurons (nerve cells) and glial cells (supporting cells)

Specialized form of connective tissue
Functions: energy storage, insulation, and cushioning
Two types: white adipose tissue (energy storage) and brown adipose tissue (heat generation)

Generate energy for the cell through cellular respiration
Convert glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Have their own DNA, known as mtDNA, which is inherited from mother only
Consist of two membranes: outer (permeable) and inner (impermeable, folded into cristae)

A network of membranous tubules and flattened sacs involved in:
- Protein synthesis and transport
- Lipid synthesis
- Detoxification
Two types: Rough ER (RER) with ribosomes for protein synthesis, and Smooth ER (SER) for lipid synthesis and detoxification

Small organelles found throughout the cytoplasm responsible for protein synthesis
Consist of two subunits: large and small
Read messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences and assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains
Found attached to the ER (RER) or floating freely in the cytoplasm

A complex of flattened sacs and tubules responsible for:
- Processing and modifying proteins synthesized by ribosomes
- Packaging and transporting proteins and lipids to other parts of the cell
- Modifying carbohydrates on proteins and lipids
Receives proteins from the ER and sends them to other organelles or for secretion

Membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes for cellular digestion and recycling
Break down proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates using acid hydrolases
Fuse with phagosomes to digest engulfed particles
Maintain cellular homeostasis by removing damaged or unwanted cellular components