Human Skeleton Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the skull?

Protecting the brain (correct)

Storing minerals like calcium

Facilitating movement of the jaw

Supporting the spine

How many bones does an adult human typically have?

206 (correct)

300

250

350

What part of the skeleton is considered movable?

The ribs

The lower jaw (correct)

The vertebrae

The skull

What substance is primarily found in long bones?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a broken bone over time?

It can mend itself Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following minerals is essential for bone health?

Calcium Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is the longest in the human body?

Femur Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cartilage in the human body?

Provide flexibility at joints Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a bone of the lower leg?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

How many bones make up the human wrist and hand?

27 Signup and view all the answers

Which bone connects the arm to the spine?

Clavicle Signup and view all the answers

What are the individual bones of the backbone called?

Vertebrae Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint allows bones to slide past each other?

Gliding joint Signup and view all the answers

Which joint type is present in the knees and elbows?

Hinge joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ligaments?

To hold two bones together Signup and view all the answers

Which joint type allows for maximum movement in all directions?

Ball and socket joint Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of an immovable joint?

Allows for free movement Signup and view all the answers

In a pivot joint, how does one bone move relative to another?

It rotates around the other bone Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is NOT classified as a movable joint?

Immovable joint Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles contract to bend the arm?

Biceps in front Signup and view all the answers

How many muscles are approximately in the human body?

650 Signup and view all the answers

What are tendons responsible for?

Connecting muscles to bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of muscles in the body?

Muscles can only pull Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of ribs do humans have?

12 pairs Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are involved in moving the lower arm up and down?

Biceps and triceps Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the biceps when raising the lower arm?

They contract while triceps lengthen Signup and view all the answers

What are the last two pairs of ribs called?

Floating ribs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the triceps when lowering the arm?

They contract Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the backbone?

Support for the body Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae does a human have?

33 Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is the longest in the upper arm?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

What allows us to easily bend bones?

Cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is known as the strongest bone in the leg?

Tibia Signup and view all the answers

What structure protects the spinal cord?

Backbone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of voluntary or striped muscles?

They are under our control. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary functions in the body?

Smooth muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cardiac muscles?

To maintain heart function. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes posture?

It is the position in which we sit, stand, or walk. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints allows for some movement but is largely stable?

Immovable joints Signup and view all the answers

How can we maintain strong muscles?

By exercising and maintaining correct posture. Signup and view all the answers

What is not a characteristic of smooth muscles?

They are voluntary. Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles keep working without our knowledge?

Cardiac muscles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skull

Comprises 22 immovable bones forming the head and face; only the lower jaw is movable.
Protects the brain from damage.

Bones Facts

Adults have 206 bones; children start with over 350 which fuse over time.
Bones are living tissues, supplied with blood vessels and nerves, causing pain upon injury.
Require minerals like calcium and phosphorus for nourishment.
Hollow inside, long bones contain bone marrow.

Ribs

Consist of 12 pairs of curved bones forming the ribcage, attached to the breastbone (sternum) and spine.
The last two pairs are floating ribs, only connected to the backbone, protecting the heart and lungs.

Spine or Backbone

Made up of 33 vertebrae creating the spinal column, provides support and flexibility.
Protects the spinal cord and allows body movements.

Limbs

Two pairs of limbs: arms and legs.
Each arm has a single upper long bone (humerus) and two lower bones (radius and ulna).
The upper leg contains the longest bone, femur, while the lower leg includes tibia and fibula.

Cartilage

Provides flexibility at joints, found in the nose, ears, and between vertebrae.

Joints

Joints, where bones meet, are held together by ligaments.
Two types:
- Immovable Joints (e.g., skull) allow no movement.
- Movable Joints allow movement, with cartilage preventing friction.

Kinds of Movable Joints

Hinge Joint: Allows back-and-forth movement (e.g., elbows, knees).
Ball and Socket Joint: Offers maximum movement in all directions (e.g., shoulders, hips).
Pivot Joint: Allows rotation (e.g., neck).
Gliding Joint: Enables sliding movements (e.g., ankles, wrists).

Muscles

Approximately 650 muscles in the body form the muscular system, located above the bones and beneath the skin.
Muscles contract and relax in pairs to create movement.

Types of Muscles

Voluntary Muscles (Striped): Under conscious control, found in arms and legs.
Involuntary Muscles (Smooth): Function without conscious control, found in organs like the stomach.
Cardiac Muscles: Striped but involuntary; found exclusively in the heart.

Posture

Correct posture is essential; exercise and body awareness help maintain good muscular health.

Key Points

Skeleton provides body shape, skull protects the brain, and ribs shield vital organs.
Body parts are interconnected via joints, enabling movement supported by muscles.
Proper understanding and maintenance of posture promote overall health.

Science Vocabulary

Skeleton, Cartilage, Joint, Ligaments, Immovable Joints, Movable Joints, Tendons, Voluntary Muscles, Involuntary Muscles, Cardiac Muscles.

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Description

Learn about the different parts of the human skeleton, including the skull, and interesting facts about bones and fractures.