Human Sexuality Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections can lead to serious complications if left untreated?

  • Genital Herpes
  • Gonorrhea (correct)
  • Genital Warts
  • Chlamydia (correct)

What is the primary means of transmission for most sexually transmitted infections?

  • Direct contact through sexual contact (correct)
  • Airborne transmission
  • Exposure to contaminated surfaces
  • Ingestion of contaminated food

How do homosexual females generally identify themselves?

  • Bisexuals
  • Heterosexuals
  • Lesbians (correct)
  • Gays

Which bacterial STI is known to be caused by gonococcal bacteria and can be treated with antibiotics?

<p>Gonorrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major risk is associated with early pregnancy in young mothers?

<p>Potential complications due to lack of maturity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option defines the term 'bisexuality'?

<p>Attracted to both opposite and same sex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as a primary sex characteristic in females?

<p>Breast development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the plateau phase of sexual response?

<p>Physical changes continue and intensify (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a primary factor in sexual arousal in humans?

<p>Cognitive factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the phases of sexual response according to Masters and Johnson?

<p>Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During puberty, which of the following changes occurs specifically in males?

<p>Testicular growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following erogenous zones is least likely to produce a sexual response when stimulated?

<p>Knees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about secondary sex characteristics is correct?

<p>They develop during puberty. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cultural norms influence sexual activity?

<p>They may shape socially acceptable behaviors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary sex characteristic of males?

<p>Testes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences initial attraction by determining who is deemed appropriate as a partner?

<p>Social Norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the intimacy component of love primarily refer to?

<p>Feelings of closeness and connectedness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Social Exchange Theory, how do individuals perceive their relationships?

<p>As involving rewards and costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key components that differentiate romantic love from other types of love?

<p>Complex emotions including jealousy and fear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives lust in the context of romantic love?

<p>Desire for sexual attraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does John Bowlby's theory define attachment in relationships?

<p>A strong affectionate tie (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of attachment in romantic relationships as suggested by Helen Fisher?

<p>It is one of the main ingredients of romantic love (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the important ingredients of romantic love?

<p>Social Responsibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary aspect does 'commitment component' of love emphasize?

<p>The decision to love and maintain that love (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element does the attraction aspect of romantic love focus on?

<p>Drive towards romance and physical attraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Primary Sex Characteristics

Physical characteristics present at birth that distinguish males from females.

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Physical characteristics that develop during puberty.

Erogenous Zones

Areas of the body that are highly sensitive and produce sexual response when stimulated.

Excitement Phase

The first stage of the sexual response cycle, characterized by increased arousal and physical changes.

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Plateau Phase

The second stage of the sexual response cycle, where arousal intensifies and plateaus.

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Orgasmic Phase

The peak of sexual arousal, marked by intense pleasure and physiological changes.

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Resolution Phase

The final stage of the sexual response cycle, where the body returns to its normal state.

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Puberty

The period of time when a person's body begins to develop sexually, including the onset of puberty and the first experiences of sexual attraction.

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First Sexual Attraction

The stage in life when a person experiences their first strong feelings of attraction towards others.

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Physical Attractiveness

The degree to which a person's physical attributes are considered aesthetically pleasing or attractive.

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Social Exchange Theory

A theory suggesting that attraction arises from an exchange process, where individuals weigh the costs and rewards of a relationship.

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Intimacy Component of Love

The feeling of closeness, connection, and bond with another person.

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Passion Component of Love

The passion and drive for romance, physical attraction, and sexual fulfillment.

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Commitment Component of Love

The conscious decision to love and the commitment to maintain that love.

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Attachment

A strong and affectionate tie that binds someone to an intimate partner.

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Lust

The biological drive for sexual attraction.

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Attachment

A component of romantic love characterized by a desire for intimate connection, often referred to as affectionate or companionate love.

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Social Norms & Attraction

Social norms influence how people perceive and behave in romantic relationships, determining who is appropriate as a partner.

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Sexual Orientation

A person's self-identified sexual preference, defined by the gender they primarily feel attracted to.

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What is Gonorrhea?

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the gonococcal bacteria, which primarily affects the lining of mucous membranes such as the mouth, throat, vagina, and urethra.

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What are Genital Warts?

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), resulting in the growth of warts in the genital area. It can also increase the risk of cervical cancer in women.

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What is Chlamydia ?

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the chlamydia trachomatis bacteria, which can lead to swollen testicles in men and sterility in women if left untreated.

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What is HIV/AIDS?

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which weakens the body's immune system, making it susceptible to other infections and diseases. It can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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What is Contraception?

Methods used to prevent pregnancy. These can include barriers like condoms, hormonal methods like birth control pills, and surgical procedures like vasectomy or tubal ligation.

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What is Genital Herpes?

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the herpes simplex virus, which causes painful sores and blisters in the genital area. There is no cure for herpes, but there are treatments to manage the symptoms.

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Study Notes

Primary Sex Characteristics

  • Physical traits present at birth distinguish males and females.
  • Female characteristics include the vagina, uterus, and ovaries.
  • Male characteristics include the penis, testes (testicles), scrotum, and prostate glands.

Secondary Sex Characteristics

  • Develop during puberty.
  • Female secondary characteristics include breast enlargement, onset of menstruation, widening hips, enlargement of buttocks, and growth of pubic hair.
  • Male secondary characteristics include testicular growth, sperm production, facial hair, pubic hair growth, and deepening of the voice.

The Human Reproductive System

  • Diagrams of male and female reproductive organs are included.

Sexual Arousal and Erogenous Zones

  • Erogenous zones are highly sensitive body areas that produce sexual responses with stimulation.

Cognitive Factors

  • Cognitive factors play a role in sexual arousal in humans.

Culture

  • Culture influences the expression of sexual desire and socially acceptable behaviors.

Four Phases of Sexual Response

  • William Masters and Virginia Johnson identified four phases of sexual response:
    • Excitement phase: Initial sexual arousal (lasts from 1 minute to several hours.)
    • Plateau phase: Body changes continue.
    • Orgasmic phase: Muscle contractions around the penis stimulate semen release.
    • Resolution phase: Return to normal state after orgasm.

Attraction, Love, and Attachment

  • Puberty is a significant stage of sexual development where boys and girls experience initial sexual attraction.
  • Social norms influence attraction.
  • Physical attractiveness is a factor in attraction.
  • Interpersonal exchange (social exchange theory) is a process that explains attraction.

Social Exchange Theory

  • Attraction is based on a rewards and costs exchange process.
  • Relationship development contributes to attraction, liking, trust, and love.

Three Components of Love

  • Intimacy: Closeness, connectedness, and bondedness.
  • Passion: Romance, physical attraction, and sexual consummation.
  • Commitment: Decision to love and commitment to the relationship.

Romantic Love

  • A complex combination of emotions (fear, anger, sexual desire, joy, and jealousy).
  • Includes sexual attraction and infatuation in the early stages.

Important Ingredients of Romantic Love

  • Lust: Driven by sexual attraction.
  • Attraction: Associated with sexual attraction.
  • Attachment: Desire to connect intimately with another person.

Attachments

  • Biological anthropologist Helen Fisher identifies lust, attraction, and attachment as important ingredients of romantic love.
  • John Bowlby (1964) defines attachment as a strong emotional bond with a companion.
  • Early parent-child relationships impact future relationships.

Sexual Orientation

  • Sexual orientation refers to a person's sexual identity (who they are attracted to).
    • Heterosexuality (opposite sex), homosexuality (same sex), bisexuality (both sexes).

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Early Pregnancies

  • STIs are primarily contracted through sexual contact.
  • Bacteria are treatable with antibiotics; viruses (like HIV/AIDS) are usually incurable.
  • Some STIs have hidden symptoms.
    • HIV/AIDS, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia, Genital Herpes, and Genital Warts.

Gonorrhea

  • Caused by gonococcal bacteria, affecting mucous membrane areas like mouth, throat, vagina, and urethra.
  • Treatable with antibiotics.

Syphilis

  • Affects genital areas and other body parts, including the brain.
  • Can lead to paralysis and death if left untreated.

Chlamydia

  • Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, leading to potentially life-altering conditions like sterility in women
  • Affects men and women, potentially causing complications if left untreated.

Genital Herpes

  • Causes tingling sensations, blisters, or sores in the genital area, and is incurable.

Genital Warts

  • Caused by human papillomavirus and are associated with cervical cancer risk in women.

Early Pregnancy

  • Major concern in the Philippines.
  • Potential complications when female reproductive organs are not yet mature during adolescence.
  • Creates health risks for young mothers and their babies.

Methods of Contraception

  • Methods used to prevent pregnancy, including condoms, oral contraceptives, IUDs, and birth control injections.
  • Natural methods like the Cervical Mucus Method (Billings Ovulation Method) are also discussed.
  • The Reproductive Health Law (RH Law) in the Philippines aims to improve access to family planning resources and education..

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