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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
What is the main purpose of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
What is the role of the Seimas Controller in Lithuania?
What is the role of the Seimas Controller in Lithuania?
Which of the following is a fundamental right protected by the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
Which of the following is a fundamental right protected by the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
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What is the purpose of the European Court of Human Rights?
What is the purpose of the European Court of Human Rights?
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Which of the following is NOT a principle of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
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Who can appeal to the European Court of Human Rights?
Who can appeal to the European Court of Human Rights?
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What is the primary function of the Child Rights Protection Controller in Lithuania?
What is the primary function of the Child Rights Protection Controller in Lithuania?
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Which of the following is a fundamental right protected by the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
Which of the following is a fundamental right protected by the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
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What is the purpose of the prohibition of discrimination in the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
What is the purpose of the prohibition of discrimination in the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms?
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Study Notes
Human Rights Protection
- Human rights protection is based on two doctrines: natural law and positive law.
- The 1789 French Declaration of Human Rights is considered a precursor to modern human rights codification.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a modern human rights codification.
Human Rights Classification
- Human rights can be classified into three generations:
- First generation: political and civil rights (e.g., freedom of speech, assembly, and religion)
- Second generation: economic, social, and cultural rights (e.g., right to education, healthcare, and social security)
- Third generation: solidarity rights (e.g., right to development, peace, and a healthy environment)
United Nations Organization
- The United Nations Organization was established in 1945.
- The UN Charter is the fundamental document of the UN, outlining the organization's four main purposes:
- Maintaining international peace and security
- Developing friendly relations among nations
- Achieving international cooperation
- Serving as a center for harmonizing the actions of nations
United Nations Human Rights Council
- The UN Human Rights Council is a subsidiary organ of the UN General Assembly.
- The Council's main task is to promote and protect human rights worldwide.
- The Council is based in Geneva, Switzerland.
International Human Rights Instruments
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) is a foundational document of human rights.
- The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) is a treaty that elaborates on the UDHR.
- The European Social Charter (1961) is a key document of the Council of Europe, outlining social and economic rights.
- The European Convention on Human Rights (1950) is a treaty that guarantees human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Mechanisms for Protecting Human Rights
- The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the primary judicial organ of the UN, responsible for settling disputes between states.
- The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is a regional human rights court that hears cases from individuals and states.
- The UN Human Rights Committee is a treaty body that monitors the implementation of human rights treaties.
National Human Rights Institutions
- National human rights institutions are independent bodies that promote and protect human rights at the domestic level.
- Examples include ombudsman institutions, human rights commissions, and equal opportunities commissions.
Lithuania's Human Rights System
- The Seimas Ombudsman is a national human rights institution in Lithuania.
- The Child Rights Ombudsman is another national human rights institution in Lithuania.
- The Lithuanian Office of the Equal Opportunities Ombudsman is responsible for promoting and protecting equal opportunities and non-discrimination.
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Description
This quiz covers the development of human rights, including the formation of modern human rights and freedoms, and the evolution of human rights doctrines.
