Human Respiratory System Quiz

Transfer of oxygen to blood and CO2 to exhaled air.

Features include large area, moist, thin, and rich blood supply.

An essential feature to maximize gas exchange efficiency.

Reduces the distance gases must travel, speeding up exchange.

Ensures a steep concentration gradient for rapid gas exchange.

The route air takes from nostrils to air sacs: nostril → nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchus → bronchiole → air sac.

Contains cilia that move mucus, mucus cells that trap particles, and blood capillaries that warm air.

A tubular structure reinforced with C-shaped cartilage to keep it open, lined with mucus and cilia for trapping particles.

A membrane that encloses the lungs, creating an airtight space to reduce friction during breathing.

A large muscle that contracts to aid in breathing, helping to expand and compress the lungs.

Vessel A contains more oxygen than Vessel B due to gas exchange in air sacs.

Vessel A has less glucose than Vessel B, as air sac cells absorb glucose for respiration.

Lung disease increases diffusion distance due to dust deposits on air sacs.

Dust covering air sacs reduces the area available for gas diffusion.

Dust hardens lung tissue, decreasing elasticity and overall lung volume.

External openings that filter dust and pathogens from air.

The space behind the nose with mucus cells and cilia.

The throat area where the respiratory and digestive tracts meet.

The voice box that houses the vocal cords and controls sound production.

A flap that covers the glottis during swallowing to prevent food entry into the trachea.

Flowering plants exchange gases through diffusion, without a specialized transport system.

In light, photosynthetic tissues produce oxygen for nearby tissues via diffusion.

Tiny openings on leaves for gas exchange, allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide movement.

Gas movement occurs through short distances between surfaces and living cells.

Small organisms use body surface for gas exchange via simple diffusion due to high surface area.

Large organisms face water loss, internal transport issues, and inefficient surface areas for gas exchange.

The septum divides the heart, keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate for efficient circulation.

Blood vessels act as channels to distribute oxygen-rich blood to various body parts efficiently.

A tear in the pleural membrane causing lung collapse.

Breathing will be more difficult due to reduced lung function.

The left lung's air flow diminishes while the right lung remains normal.

Smoker lungs have fewer air sacs and denser tissue than non-smoker lungs.

Smokers are more likely to be short of breath due to reduced surface area for gas exchange.

The process of taking air into the lungs by increasing thoracic volume and lowering lung pressure.

Muscles located between the ribs that assist in changing the volume of the thoracic cavity during breathing.

A dome-shaped muscle that contracts and flattens to help expand the thoracic cavity during inhalation.

The process of expelling air from the lungs by decreasing thoracic volume and increasing lung pressure.

The chest area that houses the lungs and heart, which expands and contracts during breathing.

Organs present in the thoracic cavity for respiration, spongy due to air sacs.

Structure consisting of sternum, ribs, and vertebrae that protects lungs and heart.

Space between outer and inner pleural membranes filled with lubricating pleural fluid.

Liquid in the pleural cavity that reduces friction between pleural membranes during breathing.

The windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air passage.

Cells in the trachea that move in waves to clear mucus and pathogens.

Cells that produce mucus to trap pathogens in the respiratory system.

The two main branches that air travels through to enter each lung from the trachea.

Smaller tubes branching from the bronchi that lead to the air sacs.

Small, balloon-like structures where gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

Cartilage structures that provide support to the trachea, preventing collapse.

Breathing through the nose, filtering and warming air before it reaches the lungs.