Human Respiratory System Quiz

False (B)

alveoli

<p>trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>trachea = A tube that branches into the bronchi bronchi = Small airways that lead to the alveoli alveoli = Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs capillaries = Blood vessels that surround the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nasal Cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a complex network of oxygen-carrying blood vessels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a large surface area to volume ratio, which allows for a short diffusion distance for gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trapping dust and bacteria, and moistening inhaled air</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Transport oxygen throughout the body Heart = Pumps blood through the circulatory system Blood vessels = Channels for blood distribution to organs Septum in the human heart = Separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pleural</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cilia = Traps dust particles and bacteria Mucus Secreting Cells = Warms inhaled air Blood Capillaries = Moves mucus to the pharynx Intercostal Muscles = Contribute to breathing movements Diaphragm = Maintains an open airway during inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vessel A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nasal Cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dust deposit increases the diffusion distance of oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucus-secreting cells produce mucus to trap pathogens and moisten the air. Ciliated epithelial cells sweep trapped pathogens towards the throat for elimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>glottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased Diffusion Distance = Dust deposits act as a barrier, increasing the distance oxygen and other gases must diffuse. Reduced Diffusion Area = Dust covers the inner surface of the air sacs, reducing the available area for diffusion of gases. Reduced Lung Elasticity = The dust deposit hardens the lung tissue, reducing its elasticity and causing a smaller lung volume during inflation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nostrils = Filter dust particles from inhaled air Nasal Cavity = Moisten and warm incoming air, trap pathogens Pharynx = Junction of respiratory and digestive tracts Larynx = Supports vocal cords, produces sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contracts and becomes flattened. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference in pressure between the atmosphere and the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of alveoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To sweep trapped pathogens towards the throat for expulsion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhalation = Increases volume Exhalation = Decreases volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>air sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trachea = Passageway for air to the lungs Bronchi = Branching tubes leading from the trachea to each lung Bronchioles = Fine branching tubes within the lungs Air Sacs = Site of gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To lubricate the pleural membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lung collapses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lungs = Present in the thoracic cavity and pink due to blood capillaries Rib cage = Consists of sternum, ribs, and vertebrae Pleural membranes = Secretes pleural fluid and reduces friction Pleural cavity = Space between outer and inner pleural membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The left lung collapses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lung tissue of a smoker is darker and has a thicker distribution of smaller objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collapsed Left Lung = Decreased breathing movement Smoker's Lung = Lower gas exchange efficiency Non-smoker's Lung = Normal gas exchange Punctured Pleural Membrane = Potential lung collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transfer of oxygen to blood and CO2 to exhaled air.

Features include large area, moist, thin, and rich blood supply.

An essential feature to maximize gas exchange efficiency.

Reduces the distance gases must travel, speeding up exchange.

Ensures a steep concentration gradient for rapid gas exchange.

The route air takes from nostrils to air sacs: nostril → nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchus → bronchiole → air sac.

Contains cilia that move mucus, mucus cells that trap particles, and blood capillaries that warm air.

A tubular structure reinforced with C-shaped cartilage to keep it open, lined with mucus and cilia for trapping particles.

A membrane that encloses the lungs, creating an airtight space to reduce friction during breathing.

A large muscle that contracts to aid in breathing, helping to expand and compress the lungs.

Vessel A contains more oxygen than Vessel B due to gas exchange in air sacs.

Vessel A has less glucose than Vessel B, as air sac cells absorb glucose for respiration.

Lung disease increases diffusion distance due to dust deposits on air sacs.

Dust covering air sacs reduces the area available for gas diffusion.

Dust hardens lung tissue, decreasing elasticity and overall lung volume.

External openings that filter dust and pathogens from air.

The space behind the nose with mucus cells and cilia.

The throat area where the respiratory and digestive tracts meet.

The voice box that houses the vocal cords and controls sound production.

A flap that covers the glottis during swallowing to prevent food entry into the trachea.

Flowering plants exchange gases through diffusion, without a specialized transport system.

In light, photosynthetic tissues produce oxygen for nearby tissues via diffusion.

Tiny openings on leaves for gas exchange, allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide movement.

Gas movement occurs through short distances between surfaces and living cells.

Small organisms use body surface for gas exchange via simple diffusion due to high surface area.

Large organisms face water loss, internal transport issues, and inefficient surface areas for gas exchange.

The septum divides the heart, keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate for efficient circulation.

Blood vessels act as channels to distribute oxygen-rich blood to various body parts efficiently.

A tear in the pleural membrane causing lung collapse.

Breathing will be more difficult due to reduced lung function.

The left lung's air flow diminishes while the right lung remains normal.

Smoker lungs have fewer air sacs and denser tissue than non-smoker lungs.

Smokers are more likely to be short of breath due to reduced surface area for gas exchange.

The process of taking air into the lungs by increasing thoracic volume and lowering lung pressure.

Muscles located between the ribs that assist in changing the volume of the thoracic cavity during breathing.

A dome-shaped muscle that contracts and flattens to help expand the thoracic cavity during inhalation.

The process of expelling air from the lungs by decreasing thoracic volume and increasing lung pressure.

The chest area that houses the lungs and heart, which expands and contracts during breathing.

Organs present in the thoracic cavity for respiration, spongy due to air sacs.

Structure consisting of sternum, ribs, and vertebrae that protects lungs and heart.

Space between outer and inner pleural membranes filled with lubricating pleural fluid.

Liquid in the pleural cavity that reduces friction between pleural membranes during breathing.

The windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air passage.

Cells in the trachea that move in waves to clear mucus and pathogens.

Cells that produce mucus to trap pathogens in the respiratory system.

The two main branches that air travels through to enter each lung from the trachea.

Smaller tubes branching from the bronchi that lead to the air sacs.

Small, balloon-like structures where gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

Cartilage structures that provide support to the trachea, preventing collapse.

Breathing through the nose, filtering and warming air before it reaches the lungs.