Human Resources and Population Dynamics

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Questions and Answers

Why are people considered a resource?

People are the greatest resource of a nation. All other resources of nature become significant only when people extract their usefulness. It is people with their demands and abilities that turn them into resources. Hence, human resource is the ultimate resource.

What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world?

Population distribution in the world is uneven because of two factors, Geographical and Social.

Which of these options are geographical factors that contribute to population distribution?

  • Topography (correct)
  • Social factors
  • Water (correct)
  • Economic factors

Explain how topography influences population distribution.

<p>People prefer living on plains rather than mountains and plateaus because these areas are suitable for farming, manufacturing, and service activities. The Ganga Plains are the most densely populated area in the world, while mountains like the Andes, Alps, and Himalayas are sparsely populated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how water influences population distribution.

<p>People prefer living in areas where fresh water is easily available. The river valleys of the world are the densely populated regions, while deserts have a less population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these are social factors that contribute to population distribution?

<p>Economic opportunities (A), Areas of better housing, education, and health facilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how economic factor influence population distribution.

<p>Industrial areas provide employment opportunities. A large number of people are attracted to these areas. Osaka in Japan and Mumbai in India are two densely populated areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why has the world population grown rapidly?

<p>The world population has not been stable and has increased manifold due to advancements in science and technology. Science and technology have increased food production, and development in healthcare facilities has helped in reducing the death rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two factors influence population change?

<p>Birth rate and death rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain what the birth rate and death rate are.

<p>The birth rate is the number of births per 1,000 people, and the death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people. Birth and death are the natural causes of population change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the birth rate and death rate determine population growth.

<p>When the birth rate is more than the death rate, it means that the population is increasing and vice-versa. The difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the natural growth rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by population composition?

<p>Population composition refers to the structure of the population. The composition of the population helps us know how many are males or females, which age group they belong to, how educated they are, what type of occupations they are employed in and what their income levels and health conditions are. An interesting way of studying the population composition of a country is by looking at the population pyramid, also called an age-sex pyramid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding the population of a country?

<p>The graphical representation used to study the composition of a country's population is called the population pyramid. It shows the total population divided into various age groups, the percentage of the total population subdivided into males and females and the number of dependents in a country. When the population of a country has high birth and death rates, the population pyramid is broad at the base and narrow towards the top.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'population distribution' refer to?

<p>The way in which people are spread across a given area. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are the three main factors that cause population change?

<p>Births, deaths, and migration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1999, the world population reached:

<p>6 billion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a population pyramid?

<p>A graphical presentation of the age-sex composition of a population. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When people are attracted to an area, it becomes ____ populated. Factors that influence this include ____ climate, good supplies of ____ resources, and ____ land.

<p>densely, favourable, natural, fertile</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Human Resource

The most important resource of a nation; people with the ability to transform natural resources into useable products.

Uneven Population Distribution

The unequal spread of people across the Earth, affected by geographical and social factors.

Geographical Factors (population)

Elements of the physical environment that influence population distribution (e.g., topography, water availability).

Topography (population)

The shape of the land; mountains, plains, plateaus.

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Water Availability (population)

The presence and accessibility of fresh water sources crucial for human settlements.

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Social Factors (population)

Elements related to society that influence population distribution (e.g., education, healthcare, housing, economic opportunities).

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Densely Populated

An area where a large number of people live close together.

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Sparsely Populated

An area where fewer people live far apart.

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Population Growth

The increase in the number of people inhabiting a region over a period of time.

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Birth Rate

The number of births per 1,000 people per year.

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Death Rate

The number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.

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Natural Growth Rate

The difference between the birth rate and death rate.

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Population Pyramid

A graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population.

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Population Composition

The makeup of a population in terms of age, sex, education, occupation, income, health and other related characteristics.

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Population Distribution

How populations are spread across an area (like country or world).

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Population Change

The difference between the number of people entering and leaving in population in a region.

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Study Notes

Human Resources

  • People are the most important resource of a nation. Natural resources become valuable only when people utilize them.
  • Population distribution is uneven globally due to geographical and social factors.

Geographical Factors

  • Topography: Flat plains are preferred for farming, manufacturing, and service industries, making areas like the Ganga Plains densely populated. Mountains and plateaus are less populated.
  • Water Availability: Areas with readily available fresh water, such as river valleys, have higher population densities compared to deserts.

Social Factors

  • Better Amenities: Areas with good housing, education, and healthcare facilities attract more people, leading to higher population densities.
  • Economic Opportunities: Industrial areas with employment opportunities draw large numbers of people, resulting in dense populations (e.g., Mumbai, India; Osaka, Japan).

Population Growth

  • Science and technology have led to significant increases in food production and improvements in healthcare, resulting in decreased death rates and rapid population growth.
  • Population change is influenced by birth and death rates. A higher birth rate than death rate results in population growth. The difference between birth and death rate is called the natural growth rate.

Population Composition

  • Population composition shows the structure of a population (e.g., age groups, sex, education, occupation, income levels).
  • Population pyramids are graphical representations of population composition in terms of age groups and sex.
  • Pyramids showing broad bases and narrow tops indicate high birth and death rates.

Factors Affecting Population Distribution

  • Favorable climate, availability of resources, and fertile land make a region attractive to people.
  • Population density may be extreme, densely or sparsely populated depending on factors like, climate, good supplies of resources and land..

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