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Questions and Answers
Which part of the vulva is described as the hairy, skin-covered pad of fat over the pubic bone?
Which part of the vulva is described as the hairy, skin-covered pad of fat over the pubic bone?
What hormones are primarily responsible for stimulating the ovaries in females?
What hormones are primarily responsible for stimulating the ovaries in females?
Which hormone is responsible for the production of testosterone in males?
Which hormone is responsible for the production of testosterone in males?
Which structure serves as the opening of the vagina through which menstrual blood exits?
Which structure serves as the opening of the vagina through which menstrual blood exits?
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What role does the hypothalamus play in hormone regulation of the reproductive system?
What role does the hypothalamus play in hormone regulation of the reproductive system?
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What is the main role of Chorionic Gonadotropin during pregnancy?
What is the main role of Chorionic Gonadotropin during pregnancy?
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What structure connects the developing embryo to the placenta?
What structure connects the developing embryo to the placenta?
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At what developmental stage is a human referred to as a fetus?
At what developmental stage is a human referred to as a fetus?
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What function does the amniotic fluid serve for the developing embryo?
What function does the amniotic fluid serve for the developing embryo?
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Which development milestone occurs in the 7th month of pregnancy?
Which development milestone occurs in the 7th month of pregnancy?
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What is the main function of the testis in the male reproductive system?
What is the main function of the testis in the male reproductive system?
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Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for storing sperm?
Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for storing sperm?
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What role does the scrotum play in the male reproductive system?
What role does the scrotum play in the male reproductive system?
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Which gland secretes a thick fluid that nourishes sperm?
Which gland secretes a thick fluid that nourishes sperm?
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What is the primary function of the urethra in the male reproductive system?
What is the primary function of the urethra in the male reproductive system?
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Which of the following correctly outlines the sequence of sperm release?
Which of the following correctly outlines the sequence of sperm release?
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Which of the following structures prevents the mixing of urine and sperm?
Which of the following structures prevents the mixing of urine and sperm?
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What type of tissue is primarily responsible for the erection of the penis?
What type of tissue is primarily responsible for the erection of the penis?
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Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating the development of female characteristics during puberty?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating the development of female characteristics during puberty?
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What is the purpose of the hormone progesterone in the menstrual cycle?
What is the purpose of the hormone progesterone in the menstrual cycle?
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At what age range do most females typically begin to menstruate?
At what age range do most females typically begin to menstruate?
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What event marks the beginning of the menstrual cycle?
What event marks the beginning of the menstrual cycle?
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What happens to the endometrium if pregnancy does not occur?
What happens to the endometrium if pregnancy does not occur?
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Which hormone released by the pituitary gland stimulates ovulation in females?
Which hormone released by the pituitary gland stimulates ovulation in females?
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How long does a typical menstrual cycle last?
How long does a typical menstrual cycle last?
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During which days of the menstrual cycle does ovulation typically occur?
During which days of the menstrual cycle does ovulation typically occur?
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What is the primary function of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase?
What is the primary function of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase?
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Which stage follows fertilization in the development of a human embryo?
Which stage follows fertilization in the development of a human embryo?
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What occurs during gastrulation in embryonic development?
What occurs during gastrulation in embryonic development?
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What is the role of chorionic gonadotropin during early pregnancy?
What is the role of chorionic gonadotropin during early pregnancy?
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Which structure develops into the blastocyst?
Which structure develops into the blastocyst?
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What is the outcome of gametogenesis?
What is the outcome of gametogenesis?
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What happens during organogenesis?
What happens during organogenesis?
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What characterizes the first week of development following fertilization?
What characterizes the first week of development following fertilization?
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What occurs if fertilization does not happen in the menstrual cycle?
What occurs if fertilization does not happen in the menstrual cycle?
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During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?
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What role does the pituitary hormone FSH play during the menstrual cycle?
What role does the pituitary hormone FSH play during the menstrual cycle?
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What is the primary hormone produced by the corpus luteum?
What is the primary hormone produced by the corpus luteum?
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How long does it take for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus?
How long does it take for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus?
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What happens during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?
What happens during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?
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What occurs when the levels of progesterone increase after an egg reaches the uterus?
What occurs when the levels of progesterone increase after an egg reaches the uterus?
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What is the primary function of estrogen during the first half of the menstrual cycle?
What is the primary function of estrogen during the first half of the menstrual cycle?
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Study Notes
Human Reproductive System
- Male and female reproductive systems differ morphologically and physiologically in size, shape, and function.
- The male reproductive system (MRS) produces sperm.
- The female reproductive system (FRS) receives sperm.
- Reproduction requires the fusion of sperm and egg cells.
Male Reproductive System Parts and Functions
- Urethra: Tube passing through the penis carrying urine and sperm.
- Penis: Soft, tubular organ, delivering sperm; contains erectile tissue responsible for its enlargement during sexual activity.
- Testis: Coiled tubules producing sperm and testosterone (male sex hormone).
- Epididymis: J-shaped tube storing sperm for 2-4 days after production.
- Vas Deferens: Tube receiving sperm from the epididymis.
- Scrotum: Pouch of skin holding the testes outside the body, maintaining a lower temperature for sperm survival.
- Seminal Vesicles: Glands at the base of the bladder secreting a fluid to nourish sperm.
- Prostate Gland: Secreting fluid nourishing sperm.
- Ejaculatory Ducts: Tubes uniting seminal vesicle secretions with sperm.
- Sperm: Male reproductive cells; carried in semen.
- Semen: Fluid containing sperm and nutrients including substances from seminal vesicles and prostate gland.
- The urethra is the common tube for urine and semen, a valve preventing mixing is present.
Sperm Release
- The sequence begins with the testis.
- The sperm subsequently moves through the epididymis.
- Finally, via vas deferens.
Female Reproductive System Parts and Functions
- Ovaries: Almond-shaped organs releasing egg cells (ova) during ovulation and producing estrogen and progesterone.
- Fallopian Tubes: Tubes connecting ovaries to the uterus, where fertilization usually occurs.
- Uterus (Womb): Hollow, muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops.
- Cervix: Narrow structure connecting the uterus to the vagina.
- Vagina: Elastic tube leading to the outside of the body.
- Vulva: External female genitalia.
- Ovulation: Release of the egg during the menstrual cycle.
- Fertilization: Fusion of sperm and egg.
Menstrual Cycle
- A monthly cycle in females marked by the shedding of the uterine lining (endometrium).
- The endometrial lining thickens each month for potential pregnancy.
- If fertilization does not occur, the thickened lining sheds; this is menstruation.
- Ranges from 21 to 35 days.
Hormones in Reproduction
- Testosterone: Produced by the testes, crucial for male characteristics and sperm production.
- Estrogen and Progesterone: Produced by the ovaries, influencing female characteristics and the menstrual cycle.
- LH and FSH (Luteinizing and Follicle-Stimulating Hormones): Pituitary hormones regulating sexual development and reproduction in both males and females.
- Prolactin: Stimulates the secretion of milk in mammary glands.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the human reproductive system, focusing on the differences between male and female systems as well as the specific parts and functions of the male reproductive system. Explore how these components work together for reproduction.
