Human Reproductive Physiology Quiz

<p>Head, neck, intermediate piece, flagellum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The flagellum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced ability to produce viable sperm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Penetrating the egg's outer layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tunica albuginea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secreting androgen-binding protein (ABP) and transport fluid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Producing testosterone which influences male characteristics and behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The zona pellucida and corona radiata. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the movement and maturation of developing sperm cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The germinal epithelium. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The proper maturation of sperm cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a protective layer and support the oocyte. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influencing male behavior and development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ampulla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyaluronidase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ZP3 glycoprotein receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Follicular atresia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Follicular cells from simple squamous to simple cuboidal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Granulosa layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zona pellucida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thecae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>200,000-400,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primordial -&gt; unilaminar -&gt; multilaminar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>74 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Puberty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reductional Division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of haploid spermatozoa capable of fertilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure each daughter cell gets a single chromatid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromatic Reduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>24 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sperm cells would have twice the usual number of chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reductional division involves separating homologous chromosomes, whereas equational division separates sister chromatids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The condensation and packaging of genetic material into the sperm head (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reductive division separates homologous chromosomes, while equational divide separates sister chromatids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reductional Division (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They would have duplicated genetic material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reductional Division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To digest the zona pellucida and allow sperm entry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of an antrum by fusion of intracellular spaces in the granulosa layer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cumulus oophorus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It remains the same throughout the periphery of the follicle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The antrum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The digestion of the zona pellucida by acrosin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surrounded by the corona radiata within the cumulus oophorus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The growth of the oocyte and surrounding granulosa cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theca interna (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fusion with the oocyte plasma membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of both pronuclei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The secondary oocyte with the corona radiata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It collapses and fills with blood forming the haemorrhagic body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The disintegration of pronuclei membranes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It begins a process of degeneration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dominant follicle is the only one that will ovulate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The haemorrhagic body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To align chromosomes during karyogamy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disintegration of pronuclei membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oocyte nucleus becomes the female pronucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A specialized region of the sperm containing many mitochondria, providing energy for sperm motility.

The front part of the sperm containing the nucleus, which carries the genetic material.

The tail of the sperm, responsible for its movement.

A protective layer surrounding the testes, consisting of two layers: parietal and visceral.

A tough, fibrous layer that encloses the testes.

The process of forming gametes (sperm and eggs).

A cap-like structure covering the sperm nucleus, releasing enzymes that help penetrate the egg.

A narrow region connecting the sperm head to the flagellum.

The process of producing sperm cells, initiated at puberty.

The reduction of the number of chromosomes in a cell.

The first stage of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes separate.

The second stage of meiosis, ensuring each daughter cell receives one copy of each chromosome.

The stage of spermatogenesis that lasts approximately 24 days.

The duration of the entire sperm cell formation process, taking approximately 74 days.

The goal of spermatogenesis is to generate haploid spermatozoa capable of fertilization.

Spermatogenesis begins in the sixth week of embryonic development, but remains inactive until puberty.

The process of condensation and packaging of genetic material into a sperm head.

A specialized type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell.

Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and gene arrangement.

A cell that has half the number of chromosomes as a normal body cell.

A cell that has the full number of chromosomes, which is found in most body cells.

A mature male reproductive cell capable of fertilizing a female egg.

The union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell.

Cells in the testes responsible for producing testosterone, the primary male sex hormone.

These cells are found in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and play a crucial role in supporting sperm development. They nourish and protect developing sperm cells.

A special type of cell found in the ovaries that undergoes meiosis to produce a mature egg cell (ovum).

A layer of cells that surrounds the oocyte, providing protection and nourishment.

A tough, transparent layer surrounding the oocyte, playing a crucial role in fertilization. Sperm cells must penetrate this layer to fertilize the egg.

A protein produced by Sertoli cells that binds to testosterone, concentrating it in the seminiferous tubules and promoting spermatogenesis.

The process by which Sertoli cells engulf excess cytoplasm from developing sperm cells.

The process of egg cells (oocytes) failing to mature and being reabsorbed by the body.

A specialized enzyme released by sperm that helps break down the outer layer of the egg (zona pellucida).

A glycoprotein on the zona pellucida that sperm binds to, initiating fertilization.

The stage of oocyte development where a single layer of epithelial cells surrounds the oocyte.

The stage of oocyte development where multiple layers of epithelial cells (granulosa cells) surround the oocyte.

A protective layer of connective tissue that forms around the follicle during oocyte development.

The region within the fallopian tube where fertilization usually takes place.

The process of sperm reaching the outer third of the fallopian tube, where fertilization typically occurs.

The process where a sperm cell releases enzymes to break down the zona pellucida surrounding the egg, creating a pathway for sperm penetration.

The process of a primary follicle developing into a Graafian follicle, characterized by the growth of the oocyte and surrounding granulosa cells.

The fluid-filled cavity within the developing follicle, formed by the fusion of spaces in the granulosa layer.

A specialized structure made of granulosa cells, anchoring the oocyte to the follicular wall and assisting in its growth and development.

The inner layer of the theca, responsible for producing androgens that are converted to estrogens by the granulosa cells.

The outer layer of the theca, providing structural support and helping to regulate blood flow to the follicle.

The nucleus of a sperm or egg cell after the chromosomes have duplicated but before the cell has divided. It contains half the number of chromosomes as a normal body cell.

The process of the fusion of the male and female pronuclei in fertilization.

The process in which the pronuclei membranes disappear, allowing the chromosomes to align on the equator of the spindle apparatus.

The release of a mature egg from the ovary. It typically happens once a month in sexually mature females.

The formation of the pronuclei, one from the sperm and one from the egg, after the egg has been fertilized.

The process of several follicles developing within the ovary, but only one becoming dominant and ovulating.

The collapsed follicle that fills with blood after ovulation. It later develops into the corpus luteum.

A temporary endocrine gland that develops from the ruptured follicle after ovulation. It produces hormones that support pregnancy.

The period after ovulation during which the corpus luteum degenerates, resulting in menstruation, if pregnancy does not occur.

The journey of the pronuclei after fertilization, during which they move towards the center of the cell.