32 Questions
What is the total number of chromosomes in a zygote formed by the combination of a sperm cell and an oocyte?
46
What is the primary function of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?
To control sperm production and create the blood-testes barrier
What is the purpose of the dartos and cremaster muscles in the scrotum?
To contract and pull the testes up closer to the body to keep them warm
What is the number of lobules in each testis?
300-400
What is the main reason why the testes are located in the scrotum?
To maintain a temperature slightly below normal body temperature
What is the purpose of the blood-testes barrier created by the Sertoli cells?
To keep blood-borne substances away from the germ cells and prevent autoimmune responses
What is the primary function of the microorganisms present in the vagina?
To protect from pathogens
What is the average length of an ovarian cycle?
28 days
What is the term for the process by which follicles die during the ovarian cycle?
Atresia
What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?
To produce progesterone
What is the primary purpose of the cilia in the uterine tubes?
To create a current for the oocyte to travel to the uterus
What is the term for the first day of menstruation?
Menses phase
What is the primary function of the uterus during the secretory phase?
To support the growing embryo
What is the primary cause of pelvic inflammatory disease?
Infection of the uterine tubes
What is the term for the process by which the ovum and sperm cell combine to form a zygote?
Fertilization
What is the primary reason why mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother only?
Because the ovum has a lot of cytoplasm
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in the midpiece of a sperm cell?
To generate ATP to power the flagellum
During which stage of spermatogenesis do the cells undergo meiosis to halve the number of chromosomes?
Spermatocytes
What is the approximate duration of one cycle of sperm cell development?
64 days
What is the term for the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum prior to birth?
Cryptorchidism
What is the primary component of semen, making up approximately 60% of its volume?
Seminal vesicle fluid
What is the role of nitric oxide in the process of erection?
To relax muscles and allow blood flow
What is the primary function of the hormone testosterone in the male reproductive system?
To maintain sex drive and secondary sex characteristics
What is the origin of the clitoris in the female reproductive system?
From the same cells as the glans penis
What is the purpose of the ductus deferens in the male reproductive system?
To transport sperm cells during ejaculation
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system?
To lubricate the urethra and clean away urine residue
What happens to the corpus luteum if there is no pregnancy within 10-12 days?
It degrades, causing progesterone levels to decrease
What is the primary function of the mammary glands in the female reproductive system?
Producing milk or colostrum through lactation
What is the primary mechanism of hormonal birth control?
Creating a constant negative feedback loop for FSH and LH
What is the typical age range for puberty in females, characterized by breast development and a growth spurt?
Age 9-11
What is the primary factor that determines the development of the male reproductive system?
The presence of the Y chromosome
What is the effect of poor nutrition, leading to an increase in body fat, on the onset of puberty?
It accelerates puberty in both males and females, with a more pronounced effect in females
Learn about the human reproductive system, including the structure and function of gametes, sperm and oocyte formation, and the role of the testes and scrotum in the male reproductive process. This quiz covers the basics of human reproduction and development.
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