Human Reproductive Anatomy Quiz

The process where two parents produce genetically unique offspring.

Specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction that carry half the genetic material of an individual.

Small, motile cells produced by males, primarily composed of DNA.

Large, nutrient-rich cells produced by females, containing half the genetic material.

The primary sex organ in males that produce sperm.

A pouch of skin that houses the testes, regulating their temperature for optimal sperm production.

A cord containing blood vessels, nerves, and the ductus deferens, passing through the inguinal canal into the pelvic cavity.

Muscle that helps regulate testicular temperature by moving the testes closer or farther from the body.

Muscle that wrinkles the scrotum to reduce heat loss.

A network of veins that cools arterial blood passing through the spermatic cord.

The process of sperm maturing and being stored for an average of 40 to 60 days. Unused sperm are reabsorbed within the epididymis.

A muscular tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct, passing through the spermatic cord, pelvic cavity, and finally joining with the seminal vesicle duct.

A pair of glands located behind the bladder, secreting fluid into the ejaculatory ducts. It's a key component of semen production.

The gland that surrounds the urethra and ejaculatory ducts, releasing secretions directly into the urethra. It plays a crucial role in male reproductive function.

A muscular valve that prevents urine from mixing with semen during ejaculation. It's part of the urethra.

A double-layered fold of peritoneum that supports the uterus and its associated structures. It houses the mesosalpinx, supporting the fallopian tubes, and the mesometrium, supporting the uterus itself.

Strong ligaments attaching the cervix and the upper portion of the vagina to the pelvic sidewall, providing important structural support.

These ligaments connect the uterus to the sacrum at the back of the pelvis. They help stabilize the uterus and prevent its downward displacement.

Fibrous cords extending from the uterus, passing through the inguinal canals, and ending in the labia majora. They help to support the uterus and maintain its position within the pelvis.

A potential space located between the uterus and the bladder, formed by the peritoneum.

The process where the mature follicle ruptures and releases the oocyte (egg) from the ovary. This happens when the follicle reaches maximum growth and a stigma forms on the ovarian surface.

After follicle rupture, the remaining follicle collapses and is transformed into the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine gland formed by granulosa and theca interna cells.

If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum becomes inactive and shrinks, turning into a scar called the corpus albicans.

If pregnancy occurs, the corpus luteum remains active for about 3 months, producing progesterone to support the early stages of pregnancy until the placenta takes over.

A muscular, pear-shaped organ in the female reproductive system, responsible for harboring the fetus during pregnancy, providing nourishment through the placenta, and expelling the fetus at birth.

The upper, dome-shaped portion of the uterus where the uterine tubes connect.

The inner lining of the uterus, consisting of two layers: the stratum functionalis (shed during menstruation) and the stratum basalis (regenerates the functionalis and helps with embryo attachment).

The narrow, lower end of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It contains cervical glands that secrete mucus to block microbial entry from the vagina.

A tube that connects the external genitalia to the uterus. It carries menstrual fluid, sexual intercourse, and delivers a baby during childbirth.

The vagina has three layers: the outer adventitia, the middle muscularis layer, and the inner mucosa.

The vagina doesn't have glands. Instead, it's lubricated by fluid that seeps through its walls and by mucus from the cervix.

The vagina surrounds the cervix, creating pockets called fornices. These fornices are near the external opening and are important in gynecological exams.

These wrinkles are folds within the vaginal wall that increase surface area and sensitivity during intercourse.

A membrane at the vaginal opening, often ruptured by intercourse. However, it can be present or absent at birth and might need surgical treatment in some cases.

The vaginal lining changes from simple cuboidal cells in childhood to stratified squamous cells during puberty. This change is due to estrogen production.

The vaginal epithelium produces glycogen, which bacteria break down into lactic acid. This acidic environment, pH 3.5-4.0, provides natural protection against harmful bacteria and infections.

The two small, pea-sized glands located near the base of the penis that produce a clear, viscous fluid called pre-ejaculate. This fluid helps lubricate the urethra and neutralizes the acidity of urine, creating a more hospitable environment for sperm.

The male external organ responsible for sexual intercourse and the release of semen during ejaculation.

The spongy tissue that surrounds the urethra in the penis, forming the glans and contributing to the penis's bulb.

The paired, cylindrical tissues attached to the pubic arch that fill with blood during an erection, causing the penis to become rigid and elongate.

The main arteries supplying blood to the erectile tissues of the penis, branching into dorsal and deep arteries.

The process by which the penis becomes erect, involving dilation of deep arteries, filling of lacunae with blood, and increased blood pressure.

The female reproductive organs that produce eggs (ova) and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

The outer layer of the ovary, where egg follicles develop and mature.

The process of egg production, involving meiosis to produce haploid gametes.

The release of a mature egg from an ovarian follicle, typically occurring around day 14 of the menstrual cycle. This happens rapidly over only a few minutes.