Podcast
Questions and Answers
What major revolution contributed to the decline in death rates and increase in human population growth in the 18th century?
What major revolution contributed to the decline in death rates and increase in human population growth in the 18th century?
- Digital Revolution
- Industrial Revolution (correct)
- Technological Revolution
- Agricultural Revolution
The Agricultural Revolution marked a decrease in human population size.
The Agricultural Revolution marked a decrease in human population size.
False (B)
What was a primary factor that contributed to the explosive population growth observed in the 20th century?
What was a primary factor that contributed to the explosive population growth observed in the 20th century?
Advancements in medicine and sanitation
The period of rapid population growth characterized by improvements in healthcare is known as the ______ growth phase.
The period of rapid population growth characterized by improvements in healthcare is known as the ______ growth phase.
Match the following events with their impact on human population growth:
Match the following events with their impact on human population growth:
Which factor is NOT associated with causing the recent population explosion?
Which factor is NOT associated with causing the recent population explosion?
The world is currently facing a resource shortage as population growth continues.
The world is currently facing a resource shortage as population growth continues.
What is the primary concern if humans exhaust their resources?
What is the primary concern if humans exhaust their resources?
What is characterized by a J-shaped curve on a population growth graph?
What is characterized by a J-shaped curve on a population growth graph?
Carrying capacity refers to the minimum population size that an environment can sustain.
Carrying capacity refers to the minimum population size that an environment can sustain.
What leads to the decline phase of a population?
What leads to the decline phase of a population?
A country with high __________ rates tends to have a younger population with a rapid growth age structure.
A country with high __________ rates tends to have a younger population with a rapid growth age structure.
Match the type of age structure to its corresponding characteristics:
Match the type of age structure to its corresponding characteristics:
Which of the following factors can lead to a higher proportion of elderly individuals in a population?
Which of the following factors can lead to a higher proportion of elderly individuals in a population?
In developed countries, economic development tends to correlate with lower fertility rates.
In developed countries, economic development tends to correlate with lower fertility rates.
What is one challenge associated with population aging?
What is one challenge associated with population aging?
Countries with advanced healthcare systems and higher life expectancies tend to have __________ populations.
Countries with advanced healthcare systems and higher life expectancies tend to have __________ populations.
Which age group is considered reproductive?
Which age group is considered reproductive?
Urbanization has no significant impact on population growth rates.
Urbanization has no significant impact on population growth rates.
Name one social factor that impacts population growth.
Name one social factor that impacts population growth.
A __________ population pyramid indicates a larger proportion of children and young adults compared to older individuals.
A __________ population pyramid indicates a larger proportion of children and young adults compared to older individuals.
Which country is most likely to have a slow growth age structure?
Which country is most likely to have a slow growth age structure?
Which of the following factors is NOT directly associated with higher fertility rates?
Which of the following factors is NOT directly associated with higher fertility rates?
Son preference contributes to skewed sex ratios and larger family sizes.
Son preference contributes to skewed sex ratios and larger family sizes.
What is the consequence of limited access to birth control and sex education?
What is the consequence of limited access to birth control and sex education?
Lag growth occurs between changes in ______ and changes in ______ within a population.
Lag growth occurs between changes in ______ and changes in ______ within a population.
What represents the maximum reproductive capacity of a population under ideal environmental conditions?
What represents the maximum reproductive capacity of a population under ideal environmental conditions?
Exponential growth is characterized by a J-shaped curve on a population growth graph.
Exponential growth is characterized by a J-shaped curve on a population growth graph.
Which countries have been notably affected by sex-selective abortion?
Which countries have been notably affected by sex-selective abortion?
Delayed marriage can lead to ______ fertility rates.
Delayed marriage can lead to ______ fertility rates.
Match the following concepts with their definitions:
Match the following concepts with their definitions:
What is a significant effect of child marriage on fertility rates?
What is a significant effect of child marriage on fertility rates?
The carrying capacity of an environment is constant and does not change.
The carrying capacity of an environment is constant and does not change.
Give an example of a country where delayed marriage has led to declining fertility rates.
Give an example of a country where delayed marriage has led to declining fertility rates.
Sex-selective abortion can lead to imbalanced ______ ratios.
Sex-selective abortion can lead to imbalanced ______ ratios.
What is the significance of lag growth in population dynamics?
What is the significance of lag growth in population dynamics?
AIDS has led to an increase in the reproductive age group in Kenya.
AIDS has led to an increase in the reproductive age group in Kenya.
What is environmental resistance?
What is environmental resistance?
Density-independent limiting factors become more significant as population density increases.
Density-independent limiting factors become more significant as population density increases.
What is the birth rate?
What is the birth rate?
Trees act as a _____ sink, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Trees act as a _____ sink, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Match the following population factors with their descriptions:
Match the following population factors with their descriptions:
Which of the following is an example of a density-dependent limiting factor?
Which of the following is an example of a density-dependent limiting factor?
A high birth rate will typically lead to a decrease in population growth.
A high birth rate will typically lead to a decrease in population growth.
Name one benefit that intact forests provide.
Name one benefit that intact forests provide.
Density-dependent factors include competition, predation, and _______.
Density-dependent factors include competition, predation, and _______.
Match the following ecosystem services of trees with their descriptions:
Match the following ecosystem services of trees with their descriptions:
Which factor is an example of a density-independent limiting factor?
Which factor is an example of a density-independent limiting factor?
Understanding sex ratios is irrelevant for managing population dynamics.
Understanding sex ratios is irrelevant for managing population dynamics.
What is the significance of maintaining ecosystem balance?
What is the significance of maintaining ecosystem balance?
A severe _____ can lead to decreased reproductive success in bird populations.
A severe _____ can lead to decreased reproductive success in bird populations.
Which of the following plants is traditionally used to treat sunburns in the Cayman Islands?
Which of the following plants is traditionally used to treat sunburns in the Cayman Islands?
Small-scale agriculture has little impact on food security in Africa.
Small-scale agriculture has little impact on food security in Africa.
Name one use of the bark of the West Indian Mahogany.
Name one use of the bark of the West Indian Mahogany.
___ is a common herb in the Cayman Islands used for respiratory infections.
___ is a common herb in the Cayman Islands used for respiratory infections.
Match the plants with their primary use:
Match the plants with their primary use:
What is a primary cause of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest?
What is a primary cause of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest?
Soursop has immune-boosting effects and can be consumed as fruit.
Soursop has immune-boosting effects and can be consumed as fruit.
What role does small-scale agriculture play in rural development in Africa?
What role does small-scale agriculture play in rural development in Africa?
Spanish Needle is known for its ______ properties in traditional medicine.
Spanish Needle is known for its ______ properties in traditional medicine.
Match the following plants with their scientific names:
Match the following plants with their scientific names:
What does small-scale agriculture contribute to most in Africa?
What does small-scale agriculture contribute to most in Africa?
Forests in Africa are primarily lost due to small-scale agriculture.
Forests in Africa are primarily lost due to small-scale agriculture.
What are the uses of Aloe Vera listed in the content?
What are the uses of Aloe Vera listed in the content?
The leaves of Spanish Needle are used to treat ______ infections.
The leaves of Spanish Needle are used to treat ______ infections.
What is one consequence of coastal development for tourism in the Cayman Islands?
What is one consequence of coastal development for tourism in the Cayman Islands?
Invasive species such as Brazilian pepper do not negatively impact native vegetation.
Invasive species such as Brazilian pepper do not negatively impact native vegetation.
Name a primary challenge posed by climate change in the Cayman Islands.
Name a primary challenge posed by climate change in the Cayman Islands.
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are examples of __________ strategies aimed at conserving marine biodiversity.
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are examples of __________ strategies aimed at conserving marine biodiversity.
Match the following environmental ethics with their descriptions:
Match the following environmental ethics with their descriptions:
Which strategy is NOT employed by scientists to preserve endangered species?
Which strategy is NOT employed by scientists to preserve endangered species?
Conservation focuses solely on preserving areas without human activity.
Conservation focuses solely on preserving areas without human activity.
What innovative technology helps scientists monitor endangered species?
What innovative technology helps scientists monitor endangered species?
The __________ National Park in Dominica is an example of preservation efforts.
The __________ National Park in Dominica is an example of preservation efforts.
Match each of the following invasive species with their impact:
Match each of the following invasive species with their impact:
What effect does habitat degradation by invasive species have on biodiversity?
What effect does habitat degradation by invasive species have on biodiversity?
Eco-tourism can contribute to preserving ecosystems.
Eco-tourism can contribute to preserving ecosystems.
What is a critical component of development environmental ethics?
What is a critical component of development environmental ethics?
Which of the following consequences is NOT associated with slash and burn farming?
Which of the following consequences is NOT associated with slash and burn farming?
Urbanization contributes to deforestation by increasing the demand for agricultural land.
Urbanization contributes to deforestation by increasing the demand for agricultural land.
What farming practice involves clearing land by cutting down vegetation and burning it before planting crops?
What farming practice involves clearing land by cutting down vegetation and burning it before planting crops?
The conversion of forests into palm oil plantations leads to significant carbon _____ emissions.
The conversion of forests into palm oil plantations leads to significant carbon _____ emissions.
Match the following activities with their impacts on deforestation:
Match the following activities with their impacts on deforestation:
Which region is known for having issues with palm oil plantations?
Which region is known for having issues with palm oil plantations?
Hydropower projects have no impact on forest ecosystems.
Hydropower projects have no impact on forest ecosystems.
What type of construction can lead to increased logging and agricultural expansion?
What type of construction can lead to increased logging and agricultural expansion?
The practice of _____ farming leads to an immediate increase in soil nutrients but depletes soil fertility over time.
The practice of _____ farming leads to an immediate increase in soil nutrients but depletes soil fertility over time.
Match the following consequences with their causes:
Match the following consequences with their causes:
What is one major driver of economic development that impacts land use in the Cayman Islands?
What is one major driver of economic development that impacts land use in the Cayman Islands?
Slash and burn agriculture is beneficial for long-term environmental health.
Slash and burn agriculture is beneficial for long-term environmental health.
Name one ecosystem service that is lost due to deforestation.
Name one ecosystem service that is lost due to deforestation.
In urban areas, deforestation often occurs due to the demand for _____ development.
In urban areas, deforestation often occurs due to the demand for _____ development.
How did ecotourism contribute to manta ray conservation?
How did ecotourism contribute to manta ray conservation?
The Chipko Movement originated in the 1980s.
The Chipko Movement originated in the 1980s.
Who was the leader of the Bishnois community's protest against tree cutting in 1730?
Who was the leader of the Bishnois community's protest against tree cutting in 1730?
The act of embracing trees to protect them is often referred to as ______.
The act of embracing trees to protect them is often referred to as ______.
Match the following terms to their definitions:
Match the following terms to their definitions:
What event significantly increased public awareness about the rights of indigenous peoples and forest preservation?
What event significantly increased public awareness about the rights of indigenous peoples and forest preservation?
Genetic diversity is not important for the survival of species.
Genetic diversity is not important for the survival of species.
Name one major threat to biodiversity.
Name one major threat to biodiversity.
The __________ movement is known for popularizing tree hugging as a form of protest.
The __________ movement is known for popularizing tree hugging as a form of protest.
Match the following examples to the type of diversity they represent:
Match the following examples to the type of diversity they represent:
Which of the following is NOT a reason to preserve biodiversity?
Which of the following is NOT a reason to preserve biodiversity?
The term 'tree hugger' originated from the Chipko Movement.
The term 'tree hugger' originated from the Chipko Movement.
Why is community engagement important in conservation efforts?
Why is community engagement important in conservation efforts?
The Bishnois community's reverence for nature includes a commitment to ______ and wildlife preservation.
The Bishnois community's reverence for nature includes a commitment to ______ and wildlife preservation.
Match the following historical figures to their contributions to environmentalism:
Match the following historical figures to their contributions to environmentalism:
What is ecosystem diversity?
What is ecosystem diversity?
Habitat loss and climate change are major threats to biodiversity.
Habitat loss and climate change are major threats to biodiversity.
Name one reason to preserve biodiversity.
Name one reason to preserve biodiversity.
The ___________ is a community in India known for their commitment to environmental conservation.
The ___________ is a community in India known for their commitment to environmental conservation.
Match the worldview with its definition:
Match the worldview with its definition:
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of climate change?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of climate change?
Overexploitation of natural resources has no impact on biodiversity.
Overexploitation of natural resources has no impact on biodiversity.
What are ecosystem services?
What are ecosystem services?
Biodiversity includes the variety of species, ecosystems, and ___________ that exist in a region.
Biodiversity includes the variety of species, ecosystems, and ___________ that exist in a region.
Match the threat to biodiversity with its description:
Match the threat to biodiversity with its description:
What is one example of an ecosystem service?
What is one example of an ecosystem service?
Biocentrism promotes the conservation of biodiversity for humans' sake only.
Biocentrism promotes the conservation of biodiversity for humans' sake only.
How does biodiversity contribute to economic benefits?
How does biodiversity contribute to economic benefits?
Human activities such as deforestation and urbanization lead to ____________ of natural habitats.
Human activities such as deforestation and urbanization lead to ____________ of natural habitats.
What is a key characteristic of slash and burn farming?
What is a key characteristic of slash and burn farming?
Old growth forests are characterized by young, small trees and low biodiversity.
Old growth forests are characterized by young, small trees and low biodiversity.
Name one example of an endangered species.
Name one example of an endangered species.
The Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event occurred approximately ______ million years ago.
The Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event occurred approximately ______ million years ago.
What is the role of flagship species in conservation?
What is the role of flagship species in conservation?
Slash and burn farming is always environmentally harmful.
Slash and burn farming is always environmentally harmful.
What is Julia Butterfly Hill known for?
What is Julia Butterfly Hill known for?
Endangered species face risks from habitat loss, overexploitation, ________, climate change, and invasive species.
Endangered species face risks from habitat loss, overexploitation, ________, climate change, and invasive species.
What characterizes old growth forests?
What characterizes old growth forests?
Monitoring indicator species helps assess environmental changes.
Monitoring indicator species helps assess environmental changes.
Provide an example of an invasive species.
Provide an example of an invasive species.
Grassroots conservation involves _______ initiated and community-led efforts.
Grassroots conservation involves _______ initiated and community-led efforts.
Match the following species with their corresponding conservation type:
Match the following species with their corresponding conservation type:
Which of the following nutrients is classified as a macronutrient?
Which of the following nutrients is classified as a macronutrient?
Phosphorus is primarily involved in energy transfer in plant cells.
Phosphorus is primarily involved in energy transfer in plant cells.
Name one example of a genetically modified plant.
Name one example of a genetically modified plant.
The process of genetic modification through direct human intervention is different from _____, which occurs naturally over long periods.
The process of genetic modification through direct human intervention is different from _____, which occurs naturally over long periods.
Match the micronutrients with their primary roles:
Match the micronutrients with their primary roles:
Which of these crops is known for being genetically modified to produce beta-carotene?
Which of these crops is known for being genetically modified to produce beta-carotene?
Potassium is not essential for muscle contraction in animals.
Potassium is not essential for muscle contraction in animals.
What is the primary purpose of using pesticides?
What is the primary purpose of using pesticides?
The technique that uses a bacterium to integrate DNA into plants is known as _____-mediated transformation.
The technique that uses a bacterium to integrate DNA into plants is known as _____-mediated transformation.
Which macronutrient is associated with photosynthesis and enzyme activity in plants?
Which macronutrient is associated with photosynthesis and enzyme activity in plants?
All genetically modified organisms are harmful to human health.
All genetically modified organisms are harmful to human health.
What are two problems associated with the use of insecticides?
What are two problems associated with the use of insecticides?
Potassium helps to regulate _____ balance in animal cells.
Potassium helps to regulate _____ balance in animal cells.
Match the following GMOs with their characteristics:
Match the following GMOs with their characteristics:
What is the primary focus of grassroots conservation?
What is the primary focus of grassroots conservation?
Endemic species can be found in multiple geographic regions.
Endemic species can be found in multiple geographic regions.
What is selective harvest?
What is selective harvest?
Clear-cut harvesting can lead to significant habitat loss and ______.
Clear-cut harvesting can lead to significant habitat loss and ______.
Which of the following is a definition of ecotourism?
Which of the following is a definition of ecotourism?
Match the agricultural practices with their characteristics:
Match the agricultural practices with their characteristics:
The Neolithic Revolution marked the transition from settled agricultural communities to hunter-gatherer societies.
The Neolithic Revolution marked the transition from settled agricultural communities to hunter-gatherer societies.
The practice of cultivating a single crop species is known as ______.
The practice of cultivating a single crop species is known as ______.
What were early agricultural practices characterized by?
What were early agricultural practices characterized by?
What is a potential risk associated with monoculture?
What is a potential risk associated with monoculture?
Ecotourism has no significant impact on conservation efforts.
Ecotourism has no significant impact on conservation efforts.
What are some advancements that revolutionized agricultural practices in the 18th and 19th centuries?
What are some advancements that revolutionized agricultural practices in the 18th and 19th centuries?
Sustainable agriculture approaches emphasize ______, soil health, and ecological balance.
Sustainable agriculture approaches emphasize ______, soil health, and ecological balance.
Which forestry practice involves removal of specific trees while leaving others intact?
Which forestry practice involves removal of specific trees while leaving others intact?
Match the following crops with their respective concerns:
Match the following crops with their respective concerns:
What is one of the main roles of pesticides in agriculture?
What is one of the main roles of pesticides in agriculture?
Pesticides can only harm target organisms in agriculture.
Pesticides can only harm target organisms in agriculture.
Name one disadvantage of prolonged insecticide usage.
Name one disadvantage of prolonged insecticide usage.
Food security refers to the condition where all people have access to ______, safe, and nutritious food.
Food security refers to the condition where all people have access to ______, safe, and nutritious food.
Match the following food security factors with their descriptions:
Match the following food security factors with their descriptions:
Which of these countries is considered food secure?
Which of these countries is considered food secure?
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) relies solely on chemical pesticides to control pests.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) relies solely on chemical pesticides to control pests.
What is one technique used in Integrated Pest Management?
What is one technique used in Integrated Pest Management?
Exposure to insecticides can lead to ______ health risks for farmworkers.
Exposure to insecticides can lead to ______ health risks for farmworkers.
Which environmental factor can contribute to food insecurity?
Which environmental factor can contribute to food insecurity?
Chemical pesticides are always the most effective solution for pest management.
Chemical pesticides are always the most effective solution for pest management.
What is one benefit of using Integrated Pest Management?
What is one benefit of using Integrated Pest Management?
During economic shocks, food security can be compromised due to reduced ______ power.
During economic shocks, food security can be compromised due to reduced ______ power.
Match the following food insecure characteristics with their descriptions:
Match the following food insecure characteristics with their descriptions:
Flashcards
Human Population Growth
Human Population Growth
The change in the human population over time, influenced by factors like resources, disease, and technology.
Lag Growth Phase
Lag Growth Phase
A period of slow population growth, where births and deaths are relatively balanced.
Exponential/Log Growth Phase
Exponential/Log Growth Phase
A period of rapid population growth, often linked to improvements in healthcare and living conditions.
Agricultural Revolution
Agricultural Revolution
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Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
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Carrying Capacity
Carrying Capacity
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Population Explosion
Population Explosion
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Lag Growth
Lag Growth
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Exponential Growth
Exponential Growth
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Death Phase
Death Phase
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Age Structure
Age Structure
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No Growth Age Structure
No Growth Age Structure
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Rapid Growth Age Structure
Rapid Growth Age Structure
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Factors Affecting Age Structure
Factors Affecting Age Structure
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Fertility Rates Impact
Fertility Rates Impact
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Healthcare and Life Expectancy Impact
Healthcare and Life Expectancy Impact
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Economic Development Impact
Economic Development Impact
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Migration Impact
Migration Impact
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Slow Growth Age Structure
Slow Growth Age Structure
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Social Factors Impact
Social Factors Impact
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Social Factors in India
Social Factors in India
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Social Factors in the USA
Social Factors in the USA
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Child Marriage
Child Marriage
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Son Preference
Son Preference
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Sex-Selective Abortion
Sex-Selective Abortion
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Lack of Birth Control Access
Lack of Birth Control Access
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Delayed Marriage
Delayed Marriage
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AIDS Impact
AIDS Impact
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J Curve
J Curve
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Biotic Potential
Biotic Potential
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What is the difference between lag growth and exponential growth?
What is the difference between lag growth and exponential growth?
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How does son preference affect population growth?
How does son preference affect population growth?
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Why is access to birth control important for population growth?
Why is access to birth control important for population growth?
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What is the significance of carrying capacity?
What is the significance of carrying capacity?
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Environmental Resistance
Environmental Resistance
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Density Dependent Limiting Factors
Density Dependent Limiting Factors
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Density Independent Limiting Factors
Density Independent Limiting Factors
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Birth Rate
Birth Rate
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Population Density
Population Density
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Sex Ratio
Sex Ratio
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What does deforestation affect?
What does deforestation affect?
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Carbon Sequestration
Carbon Sequestration
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Biodiversity Support
Biodiversity Support
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Soil Protection
Soil Protection
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Water Regulation
Water Regulation
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Habitat Provision
Habitat Provision
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What happens when deforestation occurs?
What happens when deforestation occurs?
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How does deforestation affect climate change?
How does deforestation affect climate change?
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Aesthetic Value of Trees
Aesthetic Value of Trees
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Cultural Value of Trees
Cultural Value of Trees
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Recreational Value of Trees
Recreational Value of Trees
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West Indian Mahogany's Medicinal Use
West Indian Mahogany's Medicinal Use
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Sage (Salvia officinalis) | Healing
Sage (Salvia officinalis) | Healing
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Aloe Vera's Healing Properties
Aloe Vera's Healing Properties
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Soursop's (Annona muricata) Medicinal Use
Soursop's (Annona muricata) Medicinal Use
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Spanish Needle's Medicinal Use
Spanish Needle's Medicinal Use
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Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Food Security
Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Food Security
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Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Livelihoods
Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Livelihoods
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Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Rural Development
Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Rural Development
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Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Cultural Heritage
Small-scale Agriculture in Africa | Cultural Heritage
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Agriculture Expansion | Amazon Deforestation
Agriculture Expansion | Amazon Deforestation
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Infrastructure Development | Amazon Deforestation
Infrastructure Development | Amazon Deforestation
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Deforestation from Slash and Burn
Deforestation from Slash and Burn
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Soil Degradation from Slash and Burn
Soil Degradation from Slash and Burn
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Palm Oil Plantations
Palm Oil Plantations
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Biodiversity Loss from Palm Oil
Biodiversity Loss from Palm Oil
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Carbon Emissions from Palm Oil
Carbon Emissions from Palm Oil
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Water Pollution from Palm Oil
Water Pollution from Palm Oil
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Large-Scale Agriculture in Asia
Large-Scale Agriculture in Asia
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Shifting Cultivation in Asia
Shifting Cultivation in Asia
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Road Construction Impact in Asia
Road Construction Impact in Asia
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Hydropower Projects in Asia
Hydropower Projects in Asia
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Urban Expansion Impact in Asia
Urban Expansion Impact in Asia
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Industrialization's Impact in Asia
Industrialization's Impact in Asia
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Coastal Development Impacts
Coastal Development Impacts
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Urbanization in Cayman Islands
Urbanization in Cayman Islands
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Agricultural Expansion
Agricultural Expansion
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Tourism Impact in Cayman Islands
Tourism Impact in Cayman Islands
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Impact of Development on Forests
Impact of Development on Forests
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Invasive Species Threat
Invasive Species Threat
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Climate Change Impact
Climate Change Impact
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Conservation Definition
Conservation Definition
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Preservation Definition
Preservation Definition
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Development Ethics
Development Ethics
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Marine Protected Areas
Marine Protected Areas
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Morne Trois Pitons National Park
Morne Trois Pitons National Park
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Tourism Development
Tourism Development
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Racing Extinction Objective
Racing Extinction Objective
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Wildlife Crime Investigation
Wildlife Crime Investigation
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Public Awareness Campaign
Public Awareness Campaign
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Technological Conservation Tools
Technological Conservation Tools
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Global Manta Fish Trade
Global Manta Fish Trade
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Ecotourism and Manta Rays
Ecotourism and Manta Rays
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Tree Huggers
Tree Huggers
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Bishnois and Tree Hugging
Bishnois and Tree Hugging
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Chipko Movement
Chipko Movement
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Species Diversity
Species Diversity
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Genetic Diversity
Genetic Diversity
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Ecosystem Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity
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Threats to Biodiversity
Threats to Biodiversity
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Why Preserve Biodiversity?
Why Preserve Biodiversity?
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John Muir
John Muir
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Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi
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National Park Systems
National Park Systems
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Modern Environmentalism
Modern Environmentalism
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Cultural Impact of 'Tree Hugger'
Cultural Impact of 'Tree Hugger'
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Tree Hugger in Pop Culture
Tree Hugger in Pop Culture
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Habitat Loss
Habitat Loss
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Overexploitation
Overexploitation
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Pollution's Impact
Pollution's Impact
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Invasive Species
Invasive Species
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Ecosystem Stability
Ecosystem Stability
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Ecosystem Services
Ecosystem Services
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Anthropocentric View
Anthropocentric View
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Biocentric View
Biocentric View
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Ecocentric View
Ecocentric View
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Bishnois
Bishnois
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Provisioning Services
Provisioning Services
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Regulating Services
Regulating Services
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Cultural Services
Cultural Services
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Slash and Burn Farming
Slash and Burn Farming
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Mass Extinction Events
Mass Extinction Events
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Old Growth Forest
Old Growth Forest
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Julia Butterfly Hill
Julia Butterfly Hill
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Endangered Species
Endangered Species
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Indicator Species
Indicator Species
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Flagship Species
Flagship Species
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Umbrella Species
Umbrella Species
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Grassroots Conservation
Grassroots Conservation
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Deforestation
Deforestation
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Conservation
Conservation
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Preservation
Preservation
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What is an endemic species?
What is an endemic species?
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Why are endemic species important for conservation?
Why are endemic species important for conservation?
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Selective Harvest
Selective Harvest
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Clear Cut Harvest
Clear Cut Harvest
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What is ecotourism?
What is ecotourism?
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What is landscape ecology?
What is landscape ecology?
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Polyculture
Polyculture
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Monoculture
Monoculture
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Mechanized Agriculture
Mechanized Agriculture
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Irrigation Systems
Irrigation Systems
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Pesticides and Fertilizers
Pesticides and Fertilizers
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Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainable Agriculture
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What is grassroots conservation?
What is grassroots conservation?
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What is the main goal of conservation?
What is the main goal of conservation?
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What is the main goal of preservation?
What is the main goal of preservation?
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Macronutrients
Macronutrients
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Micronutrients
Micronutrients
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Nitrogen (N)
Nitrogen (N)
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Phosphorus (P)
Phosphorus (P)
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Potassium (K)
Potassium (K)
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GMOs
GMOs
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Roundup Ready Soybeans
Roundup Ready Soybeans
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Bt Corn
Bt Corn
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Golden Rice
Golden Rice
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Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation
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Gene Gun (Particle Bombardment)
Gene Gun (Particle Bombardment)
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Pesticides
Pesticides
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Problems Associated with Insecticides
Problems Associated with Insecticides
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Use of Pesticides in Cayman
Use of Pesticides in Cayman
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Pesticide Benefits
Pesticide Benefits
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Pesticide Resistance
Pesticide Resistance
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Non-Target Effects
Non-Target Effects
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Environmental Pollution
Environmental Pollution
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Food Security Definition
Food Security Definition
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Food Secure Countries
Food Secure Countries
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Food Insecure Countries
Food Insecure Countries
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Food Insecurity in Wealthy Countries
Food Insecurity in Wealthy Countries
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
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IPM Benefits
IPM Benefits
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IPM Techniques
IPM Techniques
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Cayman Islands Agriculture
Cayman Islands Agriculture
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IPM in Cayman Islands
IPM in Cayman Islands
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Pesticide Awareness
Pesticide Awareness
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Cayman's Pest Management Future
Cayman's Pest Management Future
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Study Notes
Chapter 4: Human Population Growth
- Human population growth has been slow for most of history, constrained by limited resources, disease, and high mortality.
- The agricultural and industrial revolutions led to exponential growth by decreasing death rates and increasing longevity.
- The 20th century saw explosive growth due to medical advancements, sanitation improvements, and the Green Revolution in agriculture.
- The current world population growth poses a challenge, with potential resource depletion and impact on the carrying capacity for humans.
- The death phase is a potential outcome if resources are exhausted.
- Age distribution significantly influences population growth, shaping factors like fertility rates and dependency ratios.
Chapter 4: Age Structures and Population Growth
- Age structures vary widely across countries, shaped by factors like fertility rates, healthcare, and economic development.
- Countries like Japan and Germany have no-growth age structures, with a high proportion of older individuals and low fertility rates.
- The U.S. has a slow-growth age structure, with a more balanced distribution of age groups and fertility rates below replacement levels.
- Countries like India and many in Africa have rapid growth age structures, characterized by a large proportion of young people and higher fertility rates.
- Differences in age structures can lead to future challenges in different countries, such as strained healthcare systems and labor forces in aging populations or resource scarcity in rapidly growing populations.
- Migration patterns can also affect age structures, impacting both source and destination countries.
Chapter 4: Social Factors and Population Growth
- Social factors significantly influence population growth patterns, including child marriage, son preference, sex-selective abortion, lack of access to birth control, delayed marriage, and diseases (e.g., AIDS).
- In societies with high child marriage rates, fertility rates tend to be high, leading to rapid population growth.
- Cultural preferences for sons lead to higher fertility rates and skewed sex ratios.
- Limited access to birth control and sex education can contribute to higher fertility rates.
- Delayed marriage and childbearing can lead to lower fertility rates and slower population growth.
- AIDS can significantly impact population growth by reducing the reproductive age population.
Chapter 4: Defining Population Growth Concepts
- Lag Growth: A delay between decrease in death rates and decrease in birth rates, leading to rapid growth.
- Exponential Growth: A constant rate of increase in population size, characterized by a J-shaped curve on a growth graph.
- J Curve: A J-shaped graph visually representing exponential population growth.
- Biotic Potential: The maximum possible population growth rate under ideal conditions.
- Carrying Capacity: The maximum sustainable population size that an environment can support.
- Environmental Resistance: Factors preventing a population from reaching its biotic potential, including resource scarcity, predation, and disease.
- Density-Dependent Limiting Factors: Factors limiting population growth that intensify as density increases, influencing competition for resources, predation, disease.
- Density-Independent Limiting Factors: Factors limiting population growth regardless of density, including natural disasters and habitat destruction.
- Birth Rate: The number of births per 1,000 individuals in a population within a specific time period.
- Population Density: The number of individuals per unit area or volume.
- Sex Ratio: The proportion of males to females in a population.
Chapter 5/6: Deforestation and Land Use Issues
- Intact Forests: Provide various benefits, including carbon sequestration, biodiversity support, soil protection, water regulation, and aesthetic value.
- Non-food Plants in Cayman: West Indian Mahogany (traditional medicine), Sage (traditional medicine), Aloe Vera (wound healing), Soursop (traditional medicine), Spanish Needle (traditional medicine)
- Deforestation Causes in Africa: Mostly small-scale agriculture.
- Agricultural Issues in South America: Large-scale agribusiness contributes to deforestation, infrastructure development, and urbanization. Slash and burn farming (shifting cultivation) is also a major cause of deforestation with negative environmental consequences.
- Agricultural Issues in Asia: Palm oil plantations, development (large and small-scale), lead to biodiversity loss, carbon emissions, and water pollution.
- Land Use Issues in Cayman: Urbanization, tourism development, coastal development, agricultural expansion, invasive species, and climate change all contribute to land use issues and deforestation.
- Conservation, Preservation, and Development Environmental Ethics: These differ in their perspectives on human interaction with nature. Conservation emphasizes sustainable use, preservation focuses on protecting pristine areas from human impact, and development prioritizes economic growth over environmental concerns.
Chapter 5/6: Species Preservation
- Scientists use various methods to preserve endangered species, including infiltrating black markets, raising public awareness, deploying advanced technologies (drones, satellite imaging) for monitoring and tracking species and activities, and promoting ecotourism.
- The Bishnoi community in India is known for its tradition of tree hugging to protect forests.
- Historical preservation is evident in national park systems.
- The concept of "tree huggers" evolved from a specific instance of resistance to deforestation.
- Biodiversity diversity types (Species, Genetic, Ecosystem) are critical to resilient ecosystems.
- Diverse ecosystems are resilient against environmental changes (e.g., climate change, invasive species).
Chapter 5/6: Discussion on Diversity
- Types of Biodiversity:
- Species (biological) diversity: variety and abundance of species.
- Genetic diversity: variation in genetic traits within a species.
- Ecosystem (ecological) diversity: variety of ecosystems or habitats.
- Threats to Biodiversity: Habitat loss, climate change, overexploitation, pollution, and invasive species.
- Reasons to Preserve Biodiversity: Ecosystem stability and resilience, ecosystem services, economic benefits, cultural and aesthetic values, and ethical/intrinsic value.
Chapter 7: Nutrition and Agriculture
- History of Agriculture: Began with the Neolithic Revolution, transitioning from hunter-gatherer to settled agriculture. Early practices (e.g., polyculture, manual tools) gradually developed to increase efficiency (e.g., monoculture, irrigation systems, mechanization, pesticides and fertilizers). Today the emphasis has shifted to more sustainable practices (e.g., agroecology, organic farming).
- Macronutrients: Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (essential for growth and development).
- Micronutrients: Calcium, iron, copper (necessary for growth in small amounts).
- GMOs: Genetically Modified Organisms (e.g., Bt corn, Roundup-Ready soybeans, Golden Rice).
- Techniques: Agrobacterium transformation, gene gun bombardment.
- Pesticides: Used to control pests, presenting challenges of non-target effects, resistance, environmental contamination, and health risks.
- Food Security: Ensuring consistent access to safe and nutritious food for all. Food in security is caused by environmental, sociological (i.e.political instability, conflict), and economic disadvantages (i.e., poverty, high unemployment).
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM): A multi-faceted approach to pest control that reduces pesticide reliance and promotes sustainable pest control strategies.
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