Human Nervous System Overview

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the main function of the nervous system?

Controlling all activities of the body (correct)

Breaking down food

Producing hormones

Regulating body temperature

Which part of the nervous system is often referred to as the 'Command Central'?

Senses

Brain and Spinal Cord (correct)

Spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

Transfer information to the cell body (correct)

Protect and electrically insulate the axon

Transmit information away from the soma

Form synapses with neighboring neurons

Which part of a neuron is responsible for transmitting information away from the cell body?

Axon Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of myelin sheath in a neuron?

Increase the speed of nerve impulses Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nerve cell carries impulses from receptors to the Central Nervous System?

Sensory neurone Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the meninges is the innermost and directly adheres to the brain's surface?

Pia mater Signup and view all the answers

Where does the arachnoid mater lie in relation to the dura mater?

Below the dura mater Signup and view all the answers

What structures allow draining of cerebrospinal fluid into the dural blood sinuses?

Arachnoid villi Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the meninges is composed of two layers of fibrous connective tissue, one periosteal and one meningeal?

Dura mater Signup and view all the answers

Where is the subarachnoid space located in relation to the arachnoid and pia maters?

Deep to the arachnoid and superficial to the pia mater Signup and view all the answers

What protects the neurons of the brain by preventing various toxins and microorganisms from entering?

Blood Brain Barrier Signup and view all the answers

Which system is responsible for flight or fight reactions of the body?

Sympathetic Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

Corpus Callosum Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder involves blockage or interruption of blood flow to a brain region?

Stroke Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is involved in vigorous exercise, excitement, and fear-provoking stimuli?

Midbrain Signup and view all the answers

What congenital defect involves incomplete development of the brain and skull?

Anencephaly Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the neuron carries impulses from the CNS to an effector?

Motor neuron Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the transmission of signals at the synapse?

Neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling automatic behaviors essential for survival?

Brainstem Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain is responsible for the control of the endocrine system through the pituitary gland?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is solely responsible for carrying afferent impulses for the sense of smell?

Olfactory nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle?

Abducens nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the trochlear nerve?

Innervating the superior oblique muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain serves to keep the cerebral cortex alert and conscious?

Reticular activating system Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the trigeminal nerve runs from the face to the pons via the superior orbital fissure?

Ophthalmic (V1) Signup and view all the answers

What causes Bell's palsy?

Herpes simplex I virus infection Signup and view all the answers