30 Questions
What is the difference between emotional loneliness and social loneliness?
Emotional loneliness is related to lack of a long-term intimate relationship, while social loneliness is related to feeling cut off from friends and acquaintances.
What is ostracism?
The act of ignoring, shunning, or banishing individuals from a group by reducing contact with them.
What does the degrees of separation refer to in social network analysis?
The number of steps or relationships needed to link one person in the network to another specific person.
Which model describes the initial response to ostracism as having a reflexive and reflective stage?
Temporal need-threat model of ostracism.
How does the text describe the importance of having more connections to others?
To live longer lives and reduce emotional loneliness.
What is the effect of unsatisfied desire to belong on an individual?
Causes a state of tension and want.
Which type of group is defined by being connected by one or more social relationships?
Social groups
What is the concept that refers to the extent to which a group is perceived as a coherent whole or entity?
Entitativity
In the context of groups, what does 'a certain category becomes very important to you and so you belong in that group' refer to?
Categories
What is a key characteristic of a face-to-face group as per the text?
Connected by social relationships
Which perspective considers multiple viewpoints on groups and their dynamics?
Multilevel perspective
What type of group may sometimes include friends and is characterized by having a high degree of entitativity?
Primary groups
What happens to a person's productivity when working in a group compared to working alone?
Decreases
What is the term used in the text to describe the phenomenon where group productivity is lowered by poor group functioning?
Process losses
In Study 2 mentioned in the text, what was the average force exerted by one person when working alone compared to when part of a group of three or more?
14%
What is the term for a task where everyone must contribute to complete it?
Conjunctive task
Based on the text, what will likely be a challenge for leaders due to increases in diversity across groups?
Handling various perspectives and backgrounds
What is the term used in the text for the phenomenon where people compare themselves to others and adjust their behavior accordingly?
Conformity to Group Norms
In the context of groups, what does the term 'social compensation processes' refer to?
Making accommodations for less-contributing members
What is the likely direction of leadership methods as mentioned in the text?
Transition from individual leaders to leadership teams
What was one of the implications mentioned in the text regarding the Ringelmann Effect?
Reduction in group productivity due to poor functioning
In the context of collective effort, what does 'task demands' refer to?
Determining whether tasks can be broken down or not
What is a key factor in effective leadership?
Mutually rewarding relationships with followers
What does the Social Identity Approach to Leadership suggest?
Leaders need dedicated followers and mutually rewarding relationships
How does a charismatic leader inspire group members according to Hogg (2001)?
By epitomizing the ideal group member and inspiring hard work
What is a common misconception about effective leaders according to the text?
They have stable personality traits like personality traits
In the context of leadership, what are 'idiosyncratic credits'?
Trust by followers that leaders will continue group successes
Based on the text, what is a defining characteristic of a successful leader?
Communicating and advancing group interests within a context
What does effective leadership behavior, as per the text, aim to communicate?
The group interest rather than personal rewards
How does Hogg (2001) challenge traditional views on task or relationship-oriented leaders?
'By showing that individuals with both qualities can be very good leaders'
Test your knowledge on the generalized desire to seek out and join with other people, the feelings of loneliness, including emotional loneliness and social loneliness.
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