Human Herpes Viruses Overview
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Questions and Answers

Human Herpes Virus - 1 is primarily latent in the thoracic ganglia.

False

Human Herpes Virus - 3 can cause herpes zoster ophthalmicus if the CN V1 branch is involved.

True

The most common cause of sporadic encephalitis is Human Herpes Virus - 2.

False

Human Herpes Virus - 4 is known as the 'kissing disease' and is commonly spread through respiratory secretions.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 5 does not cause any complications in immunocompromised patients.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Roseola infantum is caused by Human Herpes Virus - 7 and is characterized by high fevers followed by a rash.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 8 is associated with Kaposi sarcoma and primarily spread through respiratory droplets.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infection with Human Herpes Virus - 2 is more likely to result in viral meningitis compared to Human Herpes Virus - 1.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of atypical lymphocytes in a peripheral blood smear is indicative of an infection with Human Herpes Virus - 4.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 6 is primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 3 is commonly transmitted through respiratory secretions and vesicular fluid.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most common cause of viral meningitis is Human Herpes Virus - 1.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atypical lymphocytes detected in a peripheral blood smear indicate an infection with Human Herpes Virus - 5.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 7 causes a condition known as exanthem subitum.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transmission of Human Herpes Virus - 5 can occur through transfusions as well as sexual intercourse.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 4 is primarily latent in the trigeminal ganglia.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of 'owl eye' intranuclear inclusions is a characteristic of Human Herpes Virus - 4.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 6 is known for causing severe complications in immunocompetent patients.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 2 is primarily latent in the sacral ganglia.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 8 can cause neoplasms of endothelial cells, specifically Kaposi sarcoma.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 1 is the most common cause of sporadic encephalitis.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 3 is primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of 'owl eye' intranuclear inclusions is a characteristic of Human Herpes Virus - 5.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 4 commonly causes a condition known as exanthem subitum.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most common complication of shingles is postherpetic neuralgia.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infection with Human Herpes Virus - 2 is less likely to cause viral meningitis compared to Human Herpes Virus - 1.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 6 is commonly transmitted through saliva.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 8 primarily affects endothelial cells and is associated with Kaposi sarcoma.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary latent site for Human Herpes Virus - 2 is in the trigeminal ganglia.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Herpes Virus - 5 can be transmitted through congenital methods.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

General Information on Human Herpes Viruses

  • Human Herpes Virus - 1 (HHV-1)

    • Infectious via respiratory droplets and saliva.
    • Causes conditions like gingivostomatitis, cold sores, temporal lobe encephalitis, and a variety of skin and esophageal disorders.
    • Increasingly linked to herpes genitalis.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 2 (HHV-2)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact and perianal routes.
    • Primarily results in herpes genitalis and neonatal herpes.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 3 (HHV-3)

    • Spread through respiratory droplets and vesicular fluid.
    • Responsible for chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster); can lead to complications like pneumonia and encephalitis.
    • Postherpetic neuralgia is the most common chronic outcome of shingles.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 4 (HHV-4)

    • Spread via respiratory secretions and saliva; commonly known as "kissing disease."
    • Causes mononucleosis, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy.
    • Associated with lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, particularly in certain demographics.
    • Risk of splenic rupture; sports should be avoided until recovery.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 5 (HHV-5 or CMV)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, congenital methods, saliva, and urine.
    • In healthy individuals, causes a mononucleosis-like syndrome; in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to pneumonia, retinitis, and esophagitis.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV-7)

    • Both primarily transmitted via saliva.
    • HHV-6 is associated with no specific diseases but is linked with roseola infantum characterized by high fevers followed by a macular rash in children.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 8 (HHV-8)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact, primarily associated with HIV/AIDS.
    • Causes Kaposi sarcoma, characterized by violaceous lesions and can affect internal organs.

Specific Information on Selected Human Herpes Viruses

  • HHV-1 and HHV-2 Latency

    • HHV-1 remains latent in the trigeminal ganglia, while HHV-2 is found in the sacral ganglia.

  • Specific Diseases: HHV-1 and HHV-2

    • HHV-1 is the leading cause of sporadic encephalitis.
    • Viral meningitis occurs more frequently with HHV-2, marked by symptoms like altered mental status and seizures.

  • HHV-3 Latency and Complications

    • Latent infection occurs in dorsal root or trigeminal ganglia.
    • Reactivation can cause herpes zoster ophthalmicus, involving the branch of CN V1.

  • HHV-4 Specific Characteristics

    • Infects B cells via CD21 receptors.
    • Atypical lymphocytes appear on blood smears due to reactive cytotoxic T cell response.
    • Positive Monospot test indicates the presence of heterophile antibodies.
    • Amoxicillin can precipitate a rash in the presence of infection.

  • HHV-5 Specific Inclusions and Latency

    • Characterized by "owl eye" intranuclear inclusions in infected cells.
    • Latent infection resides primarily in mononuclear cells, complicating immune responses.

General Information on Human Herpes Viruses

  • Human Herpes Virus - 1 (HHV-1)

    • Infectious via respiratory droplets and saliva.
    • Causes conditions like gingivostomatitis, cold sores, temporal lobe encephalitis, and a variety of skin and esophageal disorders.
    • Increasingly linked to herpes genitalis.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 2 (HHV-2)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact and perianal routes.
    • Primarily results in herpes genitalis and neonatal herpes.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 3 (HHV-3)

    • Spread through respiratory droplets and vesicular fluid.
    • Responsible for chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster); can lead to complications like pneumonia and encephalitis.
    • Postherpetic neuralgia is the most common chronic outcome of shingles.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 4 (HHV-4)

    • Spread via respiratory secretions and saliva; commonly known as "kissing disease."
    • Causes mononucleosis, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy.
    • Associated with lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, particularly in certain demographics.
    • Risk of splenic rupture; sports should be avoided until recovery.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 5 (HHV-5 or CMV)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, congenital methods, saliva, and urine.
    • In healthy individuals, causes a mononucleosis-like syndrome; in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to pneumonia, retinitis, and esophagitis.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV-7)

    • Both primarily transmitted via saliva.
    • HHV-6 is associated with no specific diseases but is linked with roseola infantum characterized by high fevers followed by a macular rash in children.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 8 (HHV-8)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact, primarily associated with HIV/AIDS.
    • Causes Kaposi sarcoma, characterized by violaceous lesions and can affect internal organs.

Specific Information on Selected Human Herpes Viruses

  • HHV-1 and HHV-2 Latency

    • HHV-1 remains latent in the trigeminal ganglia, while HHV-2 is found in the sacral ganglia.

  • Specific Diseases: HHV-1 and HHV-2

    • HHV-1 is the leading cause of sporadic encephalitis.
    • Viral meningitis occurs more frequently with HHV-2, marked by symptoms like altered mental status and seizures.

  • HHV-3 Latency and Complications

    • Latent infection occurs in dorsal root or trigeminal ganglia.
    • Reactivation can cause herpes zoster ophthalmicus, involving the branch of CN V1.

  • HHV-4 Specific Characteristics

    • Infects B cells via CD21 receptors.
    • Atypical lymphocytes appear on blood smears due to reactive cytotoxic T cell response.
    • Positive Monospot test indicates the presence of heterophile antibodies.
    • Amoxicillin can precipitate a rash in the presence of infection.

  • HHV-5 Specific Inclusions and Latency

    • Characterized by "owl eye" intranuclear inclusions in infected cells.
    • Latent infection resides primarily in mononuclear cells, complicating immune responses.

General Information on Human Herpes Viruses

  • Human Herpes Virus - 1 (HHV-1)

    • Infectious via respiratory droplets and saliva.
    • Causes conditions like gingivostomatitis, cold sores, temporal lobe encephalitis, and a variety of skin and esophageal disorders.
    • Increasingly linked to herpes genitalis.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 2 (HHV-2)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact and perianal routes.
    • Primarily results in herpes genitalis and neonatal herpes.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 3 (HHV-3)

    • Spread through respiratory droplets and vesicular fluid.
    • Responsible for chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster); can lead to complications like pneumonia and encephalitis.
    • Postherpetic neuralgia is the most common chronic outcome of shingles.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 4 (HHV-4)

    • Spread via respiratory secretions and saliva; commonly known as "kissing disease."
    • Causes mononucleosis, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy.
    • Associated with lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, particularly in certain demographics.
    • Risk of splenic rupture; sports should be avoided until recovery.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 5 (HHV-5 or CMV)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, congenital methods, saliva, and urine.
    • In healthy individuals, causes a mononucleosis-like syndrome; in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to pneumonia, retinitis, and esophagitis.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV-7)

    • Both primarily transmitted via saliva.
    • HHV-6 is associated with no specific diseases but is linked with roseola infantum characterized by high fevers followed by a macular rash in children.

  • Human Herpes Virus - 8 (HHV-8)

    • Transmitted through sexual contact, primarily associated with HIV/AIDS.
    • Causes Kaposi sarcoma, characterized by violaceous lesions and can affect internal organs.

Specific Information on Selected Human Herpes Viruses

  • HHV-1 and HHV-2 Latency

    • HHV-1 remains latent in the trigeminal ganglia, while HHV-2 is found in the sacral ganglia.

  • Specific Diseases: HHV-1 and HHV-2

    • HHV-1 is the leading cause of sporadic encephalitis.
    • Viral meningitis occurs more frequently with HHV-2, marked by symptoms like altered mental status and seizures.

  • HHV-3 Latency and Complications

    • Latent infection occurs in dorsal root or trigeminal ganglia.
    • Reactivation can cause herpes zoster ophthalmicus, involving the branch of CN V1.

  • HHV-4 Specific Characteristics

    • Infects B cells via CD21 receptors.
    • Atypical lymphocytes appear on blood smears due to reactive cytotoxic T cell response.
    • Positive Monospot test indicates the presence of heterophile antibodies.
    • Amoxicillin can precipitate a rash in the presence of infection.

  • HHV-5 Specific Inclusions and Latency

    • Characterized by "owl eye" intranuclear inclusions in infected cells.
    • Latent infection resides primarily in mononuclear cells, complicating immune responses.

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Description

Explore the essential information about Human Herpes Viruses, including their transmission methods, associated diseases, and distinctive characteristics. This quiz covers both HSV-1 and HSV-2, as well as their impact on human health.

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