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Questions and Answers
Which of these chambers of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Which of these chambers of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
- Left atrium (correct)
- Right atrium
- Right ventricle
- Left ventricle
Veins have thicker walls than arteries to withstand high pressure.
Veins have thicker walls than arteries to withstand high pressure.
False (B)
What is the function of the coronary arteries?
What is the function of the coronary arteries?
Supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself.
The process by which fatty plaques build up in the coronary arteries is called ______.
The process by which fatty plaques build up in the coronary arteries is called ______.
Match the blood vessel type with its primary function:
Match the blood vessel type with its primary function:
During exercise, anaerobic respiration results in the production of lactic acid, contributing to a buildup of oxygen debt.
During exercise, anaerobic respiration results in the production of lactic acid, contributing to a buildup of oxygen debt.
Which of these factors can contribute to the development of coronary heart disease?
Which of these factors can contribute to the development of coronary heart disease?
What is the primary function of the valves in the heart?
What is the primary function of the valves in the heart?
Flashcards
Muscular Walls
Muscular Walls
Strong walls of the heart, especially in the left ventricle for effective pumping.
Chambers of the Heart
Chambers of the Heart
Four separate areas: two atria and two ventricles that manage oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Heart Valves
Heart Valves
Structures that prevent backflow of blood, ensuring one-way flow within the heart.
Coronary Arteries
Coronary Arteries
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Arteries Structure
Arteries Structure
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Heart Rate During Exercise
Heart Rate During Exercise
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Adrenaline Effect
Adrenaline Effect
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Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Causes
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Causes
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Study Notes
Heart Structure and Function
- The heart has muscular walls, with the left ventricle thicker to pump blood around the body.
- It has four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) separating oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
- Valves ensure one-way blood flow.
- Coronary arteries supply the heart with its own oxygenated blood.
Blood Flow Process
- Blood enters the right atrium via the vena cava, and the left atrium via the pulmonary vein.
- Atrial contraction forces blood into the ventricles.
- Ventricular contraction pumps blood to the lungs (from the right ventricle) and to the body (from the left ventricle).
- Valves prevent backflow during contractions.
Blood Vessel Structure
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart, with strong muscular walls and elastic fibers for stretching.
- Veins carry blood towards the heart, having a wider lumen and valves to prevent backflow.
- Capillaries have thin walls, enabling substance exchange with cells.
Exercise and Heart Rate
- Exercise increases heart rate and stroke volume.
- Increased heart rate is needed to pump more oxygen and nutrients to working muscles and remove waste.
Adrenaline
- Adrenaline, a hormone from adrenal glands, is released during "fight or flight" responses.
- It increases heart rate and breathing rate for increased oxygen delivery to muscles.
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
- CHD occurs when coronary arteries become blocked by fatty plaque buildup (atherosclerosis).
- This can lead to reduced blood supply (ischemia) and potentially heart attacks.
CHD Causes
- Poor diet (high saturated fat and cholesterol)
- Smoking (nicotine narrows blood vessels)
- Stress (hormones increase blood pressure)
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