Human Heart Anatomy and Blood Circulation

What is the function of the pouchlike auricle on the anterior surface of the heart chambers?

Increase blood volume capacity

Which structure separates the right atrium from the left atrium internally?

Fossa ovalis

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

Allow blood flow from right atrium into right ventricle

Where is the heart located anatomically?

Between the lungs in the mediastinum Signup and view all the answers

Which side of the heart pumps blood through miles of blood vessels systemically?

Left side Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are connected to the cusps of the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle chamber?

Chordae tendineae Signup and view all the answers

What separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle internally?

Interventricular septum Signup and view all the answers

Which side of the heart pumps blood through the lungs for gas exchange?

Right side Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of trabeculae carneae in the right ventricle?

Aid in muscular contractions Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the apex of the heart?

Inferiorly and to the left Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the base of the heart?

Positioned superiorly to the right Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the four pulmonary veins?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ligamentum arteriosum in the heart?

Connects the aorta to the pulmonary trunk Signup and view all the answers

Which valve is responsible for pumping blood from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta?

Aortic valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pulmonary trunk in the circulatory system?

Carries blood to the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for bypassing nonfunctioning fetal lungs in circulation?

Ductus arteriosus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles in the heart?

Assist in opening and closing heart valves Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber has a thicker wall, the left ventricle or the right ventricle?

Left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of atrial walls in the heart?

Thinner than ventricular walls to assist with gravity in delivering blood to ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of heart valves in the circulatory system?

To regulate one-way flow of blood Signup and view all the answers

Where are semi-lunar valves located in the heart?

Between ventricle and artery Signup and view all the answers

Which direction does blood flow in response to pressure differences?

From areas of high to low pressure Signup and view all the answers

What kind of circulation does the right ventricle perform?

Pulmonary circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of heart sounds during the cardiac cycle?

Blood turbulence due to closing of valves Signup and view all the answers

Which event causes the 'Lubb' sound (S1) in the cardiac cycle?

Closure of both AV valves as ventricles contract Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the cardiac output equation?

Heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV) Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the 'Dupp' sound (S2) occur?

Relaxation of ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What does stroke volume (SV) represent in the cardiac cycle?

Volume of blood ejected by the ventricle during each contraction Signup and view all the answers

How does cardiac output change with exercise according to the text?

It increases to meet the increased need Signup and view all the answers