Human Growth and Development Chapter 8

Questions and Answers

Differentiate between growth and development.

Growth refers to the measurable physical changes that occur throughout a person's life. Development refers to the changes of intellectual, mental, emotional, social, and functional skills that occur over time.

Describe physical growth and development.

Refers to body growth including height and weight changes, muscle and nerve development, and changes in body organs.

Describe mental growth and development.

Refers to intellectual development including learning how to solve problems, make judgments, and deal with situations.

Describe emotional growth and development.

Refers to feelings including love, hate, joy, fear, excitement, and other similar feelings. Signup and view all the answers

Describe social growth and development.

Refers to interactions and relationships with other people. Signup and view all the answers

What is puberty?

Physical changes in the development of sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

List 5 signs that may indicate an individual is thinking about committing suicide.

<ol> <li>Sudden changes in appetite and sleep habits 2. Withdrawal, depression, and moodiness 3. Excessive fatigue 4. Neglect of personal hygiene 5. Alcohol or drug abuse</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

List at least 4 reasons why people use chemicals or become involved in chemical abuse.

<ol> <li>Anxiety or stress relief 2. Peer pressure 3. Escape from emotional or psychological problems 4. Experimenting with the feelings the chemical produces</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is terminal illness?

A disease that cannot be cured and will result in death. Signup and view all the answers

Identify 3 fears that a person with a terminal illness might have.

<ol> <li>Pain 2. Abandonment 3. Loneliness</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Do all dying patients go through the 5 stages of grief? Why or why not?

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the philosophy behind hospice care?

To allow the patient to die with dignity and comfort. Signup and view all the answers

What legal documents allow a dying patient to instruct the doctor to withhold treatments that might prolong life?

Advanced directives. Signup and view all the answers

Do you believe in the 'right to die'? Why or why not?

True Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between assisted suicide and euthanasia.

Assisted suicide is where a physician provides medication to end life; euthanasia is where a physician administers lethal medication. Signup and view all the answers

Identify 3 requirements that an individual must meet to qualify for assisted suicide.

<ol> <li>Must be a resident of the state 2. Mentally competent 3. Have a terminal illness.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Explain what is meant by a hierarchy of needs.

The lower needs should be met before an individual can strive to meet higher needs. Signup and view all the answers

List 6 psychological needs.

<ol> <li>Food 2. Water 3. Oxygen 4. Elimination of waste materials 5. Sleep 6. Protecting from extreme temperatures.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Identify 3 events that might threaten an individual's safety.

<ol> <li>New environments 2. A change in routine 3. Job loss.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a person hesitate to take a job with prestige and a high salary in a hospital located in an area with a high crime rate?

They might not be ready to take on a job that deals with a lot of patients or may not have the mentality to handle some injuries. Signup and view all the answers

Individuals who feel safe and secure are more willing to to change and more willing to face .

accept and adapt; unknown situations. Signup and view all the answers

When does an individual begin to feel esteem and gain respect?

Whenever others show respect, approval, and appreciation. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by self-actualization?

That people have obtained their full potential or that they are what they want themselves to be. Signup and view all the answers

When needs are felt, individuals are ________ to act. If the need is met, _ occurs. If the need is not met, _________ occurs.

motivated; satisfaction; tension. Signup and view all the answers

Identify 3 ways in which love and affection are satisfied.

<ol> <li>When friends are made 2. Social contracts are established 3. Acceptance by others is received.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Growth vs. Development

Growth involves measurable physical changes throughout life, while development includes changes in intellectual, mental, emotional, social, and functional skills.

Physical Growth and Development

Includes changes in height, weight, muscle and nerve development, and organ maturation.

Mental Growth and Development

Encompasses intellectual development such as problem-solving, judgment skills, and coping with different situations.

Emotional Growth and Development

Involves the recognition and expression of feelings, including love, hate, joy, fear, and excitement.

Pertains to the ability to interact and form relationships with others.

Puberty

Represents the physical maturation of sexual organs and the emergence of secondary sexual characteristics.

Warning Signs of Suicide

Sudden shifts in appetite and sleep patterns
Withdrawal, increased depression, and moodiness
Extreme fatigue and neglect of personal hygiene
Use of alcohol or drugs

Reasons for Chemical Abuse

Seeking relief from anxiety or stress
Influence of peer pressure
Attempting to escape emotional or psychological issues
Experimentation with chemical-induced feelings

Terminal Illness

Defined as a disease that is incurable and leads to death.

Fears Associated with Terminal Illness

Pain and suffering
Fear of abandonment
Loneliness

Grief and Dying

Not all dying patients experience all five stages of grief; some may go through them simultaneously or may not experience all stages.

Hospice Care Philosophy

Focuses on allowing patients to die with dignity and in comfort.

Advanced Directives

Legal documents enabling patients to instruct doctors to withhold life-prolonging treatments.

Right to Die

The belief in the right to choose to end one’s suffering and to die peacefully.

Assisted Suicide vs. Euthanasia

Assisted suicide involves a physician providing means for the patient to end their life, while euthanasia is the physician administering the lethal dose.

Requirements for Assisted Suicide

Must be a resident of the state
Must be mentally competent
Must have a terminal illness

Hierarchy of Needs

Concept suggesting that basic needs must be fulfilled before higher-level needs can be pursued.

Psychological Needs

Key survival needs include food, water, oxygen, waste elimination, sleep, and protection from extremes in temperature.

Safety Threats

Changes in environment, alteration of routine, and job loss can pose threats to an individual's safety.

Hesitation for High-Status Jobs

Concerns may arise over the stress of dealing with numerous patients or managing serious injuries, especially in high-crime areas.

Safety and Adaptability

Feeling safe enhances an individual's willingness to accept change and confront unknown situations.

Feeling of Esteem

Esteem and respect from others are gained through their acknowledgment of approval and appreciation.

Self-Actualization

Represents the realization of personal potential and fulfillment of one’s self-image.

Individuals act when needs are felt; satisfaction occurs when needs are met, whereas unmet needs result in tension.

Expressions of Love and Affection

Established through friendship, social contracts, and acceptance from others.

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