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Questions and Answers
Which of the following represents the correct number of chromosomes in humans?
Which of the following represents the correct number of chromosomes in humans?
- 48
- 44
- 23 (correct)
- 56
What happens when a gene is 'expressed'?
What happens when a gene is 'expressed'?
- Transported around the body to make proteins
- Replicated within the cell
- Used as a blueprint to assemble the protein it codes for (correct)
- Passed on from parents to children
Which of the following traits is controlled by a single gene?
Which of the following traits is controlled by a single gene?
- Height
- Cystic fibrosis (correct)
- Mathematical ability
- Breast cancer
How many protein-encoding genes do scientists now think humans have?
How many protein-encoding genes do scientists now think humans have?
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Approximately, what percentage of the human genome is actual protein-encoding genes?
Approximately, what percentage of the human genome is actual protein-encoding genes?
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Which of the following is not true of mitochondrial DNA?
Which of the following is not true of mitochondrial DNA?
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Study Notes
Chromosomes and Genes
- Humans have 46 chromosomes in every cell of their body.
- When a gene is 'expressed', it means the information it contains is used to synthesize a protein or functional RNA molecule.
Genetics and Traits
- Some traits are controlled by a single gene, such as blue eyes or freckles.
Human Genome
- Scientists estimate that humans have around 20,000-25,000 protein-encoding genes.
- Only about 1.5% of the human genome is composed of actual protein-encoding genes.
Mitochondrial DNA
- Mitochondrial DNA is not found in the nucleus of the cell.
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