Human Excretion System

The tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

The process of removing waste products from the body.

A toxic waste product produced by the body during metabolism.

The amount of water in the blood.

The function of kidneys to remove excess water from the blood.

The function of kidneys to remove waste products from the blood.

The chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain life.

The process in the kidney where small molecules in blood are forced out of the capillaries and into Bowman's capsule.

A network of tiny blood vessels in the kidney where ultrafiltration takes place.

The cup-shaped structure in the kidney that surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtered fluid.

The fluid filtered from the blood in the glomerulus, containing water, glucose, urea, and salts.

The narrowing of capillaries within the glomerulus, which increases pressure on the blood.

The pressure exerted on the blood within the glomerulus, driving ultrafiltration.

The process of reabsorbing some of the filtered substances back into the bloodstream.

The portion of the nephron where glucose, water, and salts are primarily reabsorbed.

A condition where the kidneys are unable to function properly, leading to a buildup of waste products in the blood.

The process of artificially filtering the blood to remove waste products.

A fluid used in dialysis that simulates the composition of normal blood.

A partially permeable membrane that separates blood from dialysis fluid.

The process of movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.

A system in the body that regulates the composition of blood, removes waste products, and maintains water balance.

The waste product of respiration, which is also removed through the lungs.

Water is removed from the body through both the kidneys and lungs.

The removal of excess salts from the blood is a key function of the kidneys.

The process of breaking down toxins in the body is carried out primarily in the liver, not the kidneys.

The kidneys regulate blood pressure by controlling the amount of water and salt re-absorbed.

The kidneys eliminate excess sodium and potassium ions from the blood, which helps to maintain fluid balance.

Urea is a waste product produced in the liver from the breakdown of amino acids.

The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood (urea) and producing urine.

The liver removes amino acids from the blood and breaks them down into urea. The liver also detoxifies harmful substances in the blood.

The lungs remove carbon dioxide from the blood. This is a waste product of respiration.

A kidney transplant offers a long-term solution, providing more freedom for the patient. It also reduces dietary restrictions and the cost of dialysis.

A dialysis machine acts as an artificial kidney, filtering waste products from the blood by using a concentration gradient. This involves substances moving from a high concentration in blood to a low concentration in the dialysis fluid.

Dialysis is a temporary solution for kidney failure, as the kidneys are not functioning properly and cannot filter waste products.

Dialysis involves using a machine to filter waste products from the blood, mimicking the function of the kidneys.

The first substance to be reabsorbed in the nephron.

The process of moving glucose from the filtrate back into the blood in the proximal convoluted tubule.

Tiny structures in the nephron's cells that provide energy needed for active transport.

Special proteins in the proximal convoluted tubule that help move glucose back into the blood.

A condition where the body cannot control blood glucose levels, often leading to excess glucose in urine.

The process of reabsorbing salts and water from the filtrate back into the blood, primarily in the loop of Henle.

The movement of water from the filtrate back into the blood, driven by the concentration gradient created by salt reabsorption.

The amount of water reabsorbed in the collecting duct varies depending on the body's needs.